Biology Quiz: Animal and Plant Cell

The cell wall is not part of an animal cell. It is a rigid, protective layer that surrounds the cell membrane in plant cells, bacteria, fungi, and some protists. Animal cells do not have a cell wall; instead, they have a flexible cell membrane that allows for movement and shape changes.

The endoplasmic reticulum is a membrane-bound organelle that is present in both plant and animal cells. It plays a crucial role in protein synthesis, lipid metabolism, and detoxification of drugs and toxins. The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the production and transport of proteins and lipids throughout the cell. It consists of a network of tubules and flattened sacs called cisternae. Therefore, it is correct to say that the endoplasmic reticulum is present in both plant and animal cells.

Cell organelles such as the cell membrane, chromosomes, cytoplasm, and mitochondria are present in both animal and plant cells. This is because these organelles are essential for the basic functioning and survival of all types of cells, regardless of whether they are found in animals or plants. The cell membrane is responsible for controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell, chromosomes contain genetic information, cytoplasm is the fluid that fills the cell and provides a medium for cellular processes, and mitochondria generate energy for the cell. Therefore, it is true that these organelles are present in both animal and plant cells.

Heterotrophic is a mode of nutrition where organisms obtain their energy by consuming organic matter from other organisms. Plant cells, on the other hand, are autotrophic and produce their own food through photosynthesis. Therefore, the correct answer is animal cells, as they rely on external sources for their nutrition.

Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles found in animal cells, but they are not present in plant cells. Instead, plant cells have vacuoles, which have similar functions to lysosomes but are structurally different. Therefore, the statement that lysosomes can be found in plants is false.

Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus. Instead of having a membrane-bound nucleus like eukaryotes, prokaryotes have their genetic material, DNA, floating freely in the cytoplasm. This lack of a nucleus is a defining characteristic of prokaryotes and distinguishes them from eukaryotes, which have a well-defined nucleus containing their genetic material. Therefore, the statement "Prokaryotes don't have a nucleus" is true.

Centrosomes are not present in plant cells. Centrosomes are found in animal cells and are involved in cell division, specifically in the formation of the spindle fibers that help separate the chromosomes during mitosis. Plant cells, on the other hand, do not have centrosomes but instead have microtubule organizing centers called spindle pole bodies that perform a similar function. Therefore, the correct answer is False.