The Basic Units Of Life Quiz

Explanation
Lysosomes are responsible for breaking down and digesting things within the cell. They contain enzymes that can break down various molecules, including proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Lysosomes play a crucial role in cellular waste disposal, recycling cellular components, and aiding in digestion. They are involved in the breakdown of old organelles, foreign substances, and even bacteria that enter the cell. Without lysosomes, the cell would not be able to efficiently break down and recycle materials, leading to a buildup of waste and potential cellular dysfunction.

Explanation
The organelle pictured is the mitochondria. Mitochondria are double-membraned organelles found in eukaryotic cells. They are often referred to as the "powerhouse" of the cell because they generate most of the cell's energy through a process called cellular respiration. Mitochondria have their own DNA and can replicate independently of the cell. They are involved in various cellular processes, including metabolism, calcium signaling, and cell death.

Explanation
The endoplasmic reticulum serves as the intracellular highway in the cell. It is a network of membranes that extends throughout the cell, connecting various organelles and allowing for the transport of proteins and other molecules. This transportation system is essential for the proper functioning of the cell, as it ensures that molecules are delivered to their correct destinations within the cell. The endoplasmic reticulum also plays a role in protein synthesis and lipid metabolism.

Explanation
The correct answer is cell wall. Plant cells have a rigid cell wall made of cellulose that provides support and protection to the cell. Animal cells do not have a cell wall and instead have a flexible cell membrane. Vacuoles, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum are found in both plant and animal cells.

Explanation
The correct answer is cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is the jellylike substance that fills the interior of the cell. It contains various organelles, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes, and is responsible for many cellular processes, including metabolism and protein synthesis. The cytoplasm also provides structural support to the cell and helps to maintain its shape.

Explanation
The correct answer is endoplasmic reticulum. The endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle involved in the synthesis, folding, modification, and transport of proteins and lipids. It consists of a network of interconnected tubules and flattened sacs, and it is found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. The endoplasmic reticulum plays a crucial role in protein synthesis and the production of lipids, as well as in detoxification processes and calcium storage. It is an essential organelle for the proper functioning of the cell.

Explanation
Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in the cell. They are small organelles found in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. Ribosomes read the genetic code from the DNA and use it to assemble amino acids into proteins. This process is essential for the growth, repair, and functioning of cells. Lysosomes, mitochondria, and vacuoles have different functions in the cell, but they are not directly involved in protein synthesis.

Explanation
Ribosomes are usually located on the endoplasmic reticulum in both plant and animal cells. The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes involved in protein synthesis and transport. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, and they attach to the endoplasmic reticulum to carry out this function. This arrangement allows for efficient production and transport of proteins within the cell.

Explanation
The Golgi apparatus is responsible for processing, packaging, and exporting proteins in the cell. It receives proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and modifies them by adding sugars or lipids. It then packages these proteins into vesicles and sends them to their final destinations within the cell or for export outside of the cell. The Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in the post-translational modification and sorting of proteins, making it the correct answer for this question.

Explanation
DNA is stored in the nucleus. The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells. It contains the genetic material of the cell, including DNA. The DNA in the nucleus carries the instructions for the cell's functions and characteristics. It is protected and organized within the nucleus, ensuring that it is safely stored and readily accessible for cellular processes such as replication and gene expression.