Cell Organelle Functions MCQ Trivia

Reviewed by Stephen Reinbold
Stephen Reinbold, PhD (Biological Sciences) |
Biology Instructor
Review Board Member
Stephen Reinbold has a PhD in Biological Sciences and a strong passion for teaching. He taught various subjects including General Biology, Environmental Science, Zoology, Genetics, and Anatomy & Physiology at Metropolitan Community College in Kansas City, Missouri, for nearly thirty years. He focused on scientific methodology and student research projects. Now retired, he works part-time as an editor and engages in online activities.
 , PhD (Biological Sciences)
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  • 1/20 Questions

    The definition of a cell as we know it in biological science is

    • A place where felons are housed
    • A small opening in cork
    • The smallest units of structure and function in living things
    • Bacteria
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About This Quiz


Get ready for a biology MCQ quiz about cell organelle functions. Cell organelles are the subunits of a cell that play different roles. Did you know that the Mitochondria are some of the largest organelles within a cell, known as the powerhouse of a cell? Some other organelles include ribosomes, plasma membrane, nucleus, vacuoles, cytoskeleton, and centrioles. How many more do you know and their roles? The quiz will help you find out!

This quiz covers all key organelles within eukaryotic cells and their specific functions, from synthesizing proteins to processing energy. You'll explore how the Golgi apparatus works with the ER, the role of lysosomes in waste processing, and much more. Enhance your understanding of cellular biology in a fun, interactive way. Dive deep into the cell's architecture and discover how these tiny structures enable life. Perfect for students looking to test their knowledge and learn efficiently!

Cell Organelle Functions MCQ Trivia - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    The cell membrane controls which of the following:

    • The production of proteins

    • Water and oxygen entering the cell and waste products leaving the cell

    • The production of mitochondria

    • The production of chromatin

    Correct Answer
    A. Water and oxygen entering the cell and waste products leaving the cell
    Explanation
    The cell membrane is a selectively permeable barrier that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell. It regulates the passage of water and oxygen into the cell, allowing essential nutrients and gases to enter. At the same time, it also controls the exit of waste products from the cell, preventing harmful substances from accumulating. The other options, such as the production of proteins, mitochondria, and chromatin, are not directly controlled by the cell membrane.

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  • 3. 

    This organelle is known as the "powerhouse" of the cell.

    • DNA

    • Golgi body

    • Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

    • Mitochondria

    Correct Answer
    A. Mitochondria
    Explanation
    Mitochondria are known as the "powerhouse" of the cell because they are responsible for producing the majority of the cell's energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through the process of cellular respiration. They contain their own DNA and can self-replicate, which is a unique characteristic among organelles. Mitochondria have a double membrane structure with an inner membrane that is highly folded, providing a large surface area for ATP production. This organelle plays a crucial role in providing energy for various cellular processes and is therefore referred to as the "powerhouse" of the cell.

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  • 4. 

    You are capable of breathing, eating, removing waste, communicating, using energy, and reproducing. Your cells can do the same.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    This statement is true because all living organisms, including humans, have basic functions such as breathing, eating, excreting waste, communication, energy utilization, and reproduction. These functions are essential for the survival and maintenance of life. Similarly, cells, which are the building blocks of all living organisms, also possess these capabilities. They respire, obtain nutrients, eliminate waste, communicate with other cells, generate energy, and reproduce through cell division. Therefore, the statement is correct.

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  • 5. 

    The ribosomes can best be described by which of the following:

    • Energy factories

    • Passageways for materials to enter and leave the cell

    • Protein factories

    • A place where vesicles are produced

    Correct Answer
    A. Protein factories
    Explanation
    Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in the cell, making them the "protein factories." They play a crucial role in translating the genetic information from DNA into functional proteins. Ribosomes are composed of RNA and proteins and can be found either free in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. They read the messenger RNA (mRNA) and assemble amino acids into polypeptide chains, which then fold into functional proteins. Therefore, the description "protein factories" accurately represents the role and function of ribosomes in the cell.

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  • 6. 

    Animal cells are bound by a cell wall.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Animal cells are not bound by a cell wall. Unlike plant cells, which have a rigid cell wall made of cellulose, animal cells have a flexible cell membrane that surrounds and protects the cell. The cell membrane is composed of a lipid bilayer and is responsible for maintaining the cell's shape, regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell, and interacting with other cells.

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  • 7. 

    How are cells organized in a multi-cellular organism?

    • Tissues, organs, organ systems

    • Organs, organ systems, organism

    • Organs, Organ functions, Organ systems

    Correct Answer
    A. Tissues, organs, organ systems
    Explanation
    In a multi-cellular organism, cells are organized into tissues, which are groups of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function. These tissues then combine to form organs, which are structures made up of different types of tissues that work together to perform a specific function. Finally, organs come together to form organ systems, which are groups of organs that work together to perform a specific function and maintain the overall functioning of the organism.

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  • 8. 

    A membrane is a material that functions as a window screen.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    A membrane is a thin, flexible material that can be used as a window screen. It is commonly made of materials like polyester or fiberglass and is designed to allow air and light to pass through while keeping insects and debris out. Membranes are often used in window screens to provide a barrier against unwanted elements while still maintaining visibility and airflow. Therefore, the statement "A membrane is a material that functions as a window screen" is true.

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  • 9. 

    __________________________ is a gel-like fluid which surrounds organelles in both plant and animal cells.

    Correct Answer
    Cytoplasm
    Explanation
    Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid that surrounds organelles in both plant and animal cells. It is responsible for various cellular functions such as providing support, transporting molecules, and facilitating chemical reactions. Cytoplasm also contains various organelles such as mitochondria, ribosomes, and the endoplasmic reticulum, which are essential for cell metabolism and protein synthesis. Overall, cytoplasm plays a crucial role in maintaining the structure and function of cells.

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  • 10. 

    Which of the following statements best describes the nature of cells in your body?

    • Most cells look the same but perform different functions to keep you healthy.

    • Cells can be different from each other and are specialized to performs specific functions.

    • Your brain tissue is made of skin tissue which is part of the nervous system.

    • An organ system is made of tissues which perform specific functions.

    Correct Answer
    A. Cells can be different from each other and are specialized to performs specific functions.
    Explanation
    Cells can be different from each other and are specialized to perform specific functions. This statement accurately describes the nature of cells in the body. Cells in the body vary in structure and function, allowing them to carry out specific tasks necessary for the overall functioning and maintenance of the body. This specialization of cells enables the different organs and systems in the body to work together harmoniously.

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  • 11. 

    How does the location of genetic material in bacteria differ from its location in plant and animal cells?

    • In bacteria the genetic material is located in the cytoplasm; in plant and animal cells the genetic material is found in the nuclei.

    • Genes in bacteria are bound by a membrane whereas genetic material in plant/animal cells is not bound by a membrane.

    • Plant and animal cells have genetic material which is easily exchanged between adjacent cells. Genetic material in bacteria has to stay in one location to keep the organism functioning properly.

    • Genetic material in bacteria and the cells of plants and animals is all in the same location.

    Correct Answer
    A. In bacteria the genetic material is located in the cytoplasm; in plant and animal cells the genetic material is found in the nuclei.
    Explanation
    The location of genetic material in bacteria differs from its location in plant and animal cells. In bacteria, the genetic material is located in the cytoplasm, while in plant and animal cells, it is found in the nuclei. This distinction is important because the nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that protects and organizes the genetic material, allowing for more complex regulation and control of gene expression. In contrast, bacteria lack a nucleus and their genetic material is freely floating in the cytoplasm, which limits their ability for complex gene regulation and control.

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  • 12. 

    Which organelle is shared by plant and animal cells as well as bacteria?

    • Mitochondria

    • Lysosomes

    • Vacuoles

    • Ribosomes

    Correct Answer
    A. Ribosomes
    Explanation
    Ribosomes are the only organelles that are shared by all three types of cells - plant cells, animal cells, and bacteria. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis and can be found in the cytoplasm of cells. They are essential for the production of proteins, which are necessary for the functioning of all living organisms. Therefore, ribosomes are the correct answer to the question.

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  • 13. 

    All animal cells are basically round or oval in shape.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Animal cells can have various shapes and structures depending on their function and location within the body. While some animal cells may be round or oval, this is not a universal characteristic. Animal cells can have irregular shapes, elongated shapes, or even specialized shapes such as nerve cells or muscle cells. Therefore, the statement that all animal cells are basically round or oval in shape is false.

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  • 14. 

    The nucleus is similar to the cell itself in that it is surrounded by a membrane. Through what specifically do materials pass into and out of the nucleus?

    • Endoplasmic reticulum

    • Cytoplasm

    • Pores

    • Nuclear envelope

    Correct Answer
    A. Pores
    Explanation
    Materials pass into and out of the nucleus through pores. These pores are present in the nuclear envelope, which surrounds the nucleus. The nuclear envelope is a double membrane structure with small openings called nuclear pores. These pores allow for the movement of molecules such as RNA, proteins, and other cellular materials between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The pores regulate the passage of these materials, ensuring that only specific molecules can enter or exit the nucleus.

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  • 15. 

    A ________________________is like a cell's storage tank.

    Correct Answer
    vacuole
    Explanation
    A vacuole is like a cell's storage tank because it is a membrane-bound organelle that stores various substances such as water, nutrients, and waste products. Similar to a storage tank, the vacuole can hold and release these substances as needed by the cell. Additionally, vacuoles can also play a role in maintaining the cell's internal pressure and providing structural support.

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  • 16. 

    Plant cells are bound by a cell membrane.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Plant cells are not bound by a cell membrane alone. They have an additional protective layer called the cell wall, which is made up of cellulose. The cell wall provides structural support and protection to the plant cell, while the cell membrane acts as a selectively permeable barrier, controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell. Therefore, the statement that plant cells are bound by a cell membrane alone is false.

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  • 17. 

    Organelles called _____________________________ are important to plant cells because they capture energy from the sun to produce food for the cell.

    Correct Answer
    Chloroplasts
    Explanation
    Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells that are responsible for capturing energy from the sun through a process called photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, chloroplasts convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose, which is used as food for the cell. This process is crucial for plant cells as it provides them with the energy they need to carry out their functions and survive.

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  • 18. 

    The ________________carries protiens and other materials from one part of the cell to another.

    Correct Answer
    Endoplasmic reticulum
    Explanation
    The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. It is responsible for the synthesis, folding, and transport of proteins within the cell. The endoplasmic reticulum carries proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another, ensuring that they reach their intended destinations and perform their functions correctly. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the overall structure and function of the cell.

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  • 19. 

    The ________ located in the nucleus contain the directions for the cell's activities.

    Correct Answer
    chromosomes, Chromosomes
    Explanation
    Chromosomes, found in the cell nucleus, carry genetic information essential for cell activities and function. Made up of DNA, they contain genes that direct processes like growth, development, and reproduction. Each species has a specific number of chromosomes. In humans, there are 46 chromosomes, organized into 23 pairs, which determine inherited traits and guide cellular operations through encoded instructions.

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Stephen Reinbold |PhD (Biological Sciences) |
Biology Instructor
Stephen Reinbold has a PhD in Biological Sciences and a strong passion for teaching. He taught various subjects including General Biology, Environmental Science, Zoology, Genetics, and Anatomy & Physiology at Metropolitan Community College in Kansas City, Missouri, for nearly thirty years. He focused on scientific methodology and student research projects. Now retired, he works part-time as an editor and engages in online activities.

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  • Feb 12, 2012
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    Kredmond
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