Politici Comerciale SI Comert International - Licenta Rau

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International Trade Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    Printre aspectele ce sutn reprosate Sistemului Comercial International regasim :

    • Protectia mediului are prioritate fata de interesele comerciale

    • Este mult prea preocupat de respectarea normelor sanitare si fitosanitare

    • Tarile mici isi impun interesele in cadrul negocierilor

    • Tarile mai mici sunt "fortate" practic sa participe la SCI

    Correct Answer
    A. Tarile mai mici sunt "fortate" practic sa participe la SCI
    Explanation
    The correct answer suggests that smaller countries are practically forced to participate in the International Trade System. This implies that these countries may not have much choice in joining the system and may face pressure or coercion to participate. This could be due to various reasons such as economic dependence, political influence, or unequal power dynamics in international trade negotiations.

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  • 3. 

    In cazul unui produs exportat din Canada in Spania, la un pret de 9000 euro si care este considerat a fi de dumping, sa se stabileasca taxa antidumping ce trebuie utilizata, pentru a fi eficienta stiind ca pretul practicat de exportatorul canadian pe propria piata este de 10500 euro, iar pretul unui produs concurent fabricat in Spania este de 9550 euro :

    • Minim 1500 euro

    • Maxim 1500 euro

    • Intre 550 si 1500 euro

    • Intre 0 si 1500 euro

    Correct Answer
    A. Intre 550 si 1500 euro
    Explanation
    The antidumping tax should be set between 550 and 1500 euros. This is because the export price from Canada to Spain is 9000 euros, which is lower than the price of the competing product in Spain (9550 euros). The difference between the export price and the domestic price in Canada is 1500 euros (10500 euros - 9000 euros). Therefore, the antidumping tax should be set within this range to make the export price more aligned with the domestic price and prevent unfair competition.

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  • 4. 

    Printre principalele directii si actiuni avute in vedere de UE prin intermediul conceptului de eEurope nu regasim:

    • Folosirea la o scara mica (restransa) a card-urilor inteligente - Smart Card - pentru evitarea fraudelor aparute in sistem

    • Oferirea de servicii medicale on-line

    • Reprezentarea autoritatilor publice in varianta on-line

    • Asigurarea unui acces la preturi cat mai mici la Internet

    Correct Answer
    A. Folosirea la o scara mica (restransa) a card-urilor inteligente - Smart Card - pentru evitarea fraudelor aparute in sistem
    Explanation
    The eEurope concept focuses on various actions and directions taken by the EU, such as providing online medical services, representing public authorities online, and ensuring affordable internet access. However, it does not include the use of smart cards on a small scale to prevent fraud in the system.

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  • 5. 

    Pentru amendarea prevederilor OMC referitoare la alte aspecte decat principiile generale se foloseste ca procedura decizionala :

    • Unanimitatea

    • Majoritatea de 3/4

    • Majoritatea de 2/3

    • Consensul

    Correct Answer
    A. Majoritatea de 2/3
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "majoritatea de 2/3". This means that in order to amend provisions of the World Trade Organization (OMC) related to aspects other than general principles, a decision must be made by a two-thirds majority. This implies that a significant majority of member countries must agree to the proposed amendments in order for them to be implemented.

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  • 6. 

    In conditiile in care valoarea produsului finit este de 10000 unitati monetare, valoarea manoperei incorporate in produsul finit este de 2000 unitati monetare, iar taxa vamala nominala perceputa la produsul finit este de 20%, dispersia tarifara de 10 puncte procentuale, rata protectiei efective va fi:

    • 90%

    • 50%

    • 28%

    • 60%

    Correct Answer
    A. 60%
  • 7. 

    Licentele devin bariere comerciale atunci cand:

    • Perioada de valabilitate a licentei nu depaseste perioada de derulare efectiva a tranzactiei

    • Acordarea licentelor se face in mod nediscriminatoriu

    • Procedurile de acordare a licentelor sunt cat mai simple posibil

    • Acordarea licentelor nu este conditionata de detinerea unor sume in valuta de catre solicitantii acestora

    Correct Answer
    A. Perioada de valabilitate a licentei nu depaseste perioada de derulare efectiva a tranzactiei
    Explanation
    Licenses become trade barriers when the validity period of the license does not exceed the actual transaction period. This means that if the license expires before the transaction is completed, it can hinder the trade process.

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  • 8. 

    Tehnica de negociere denumita "armonizarea disparitatilor tarifare" s-a folosit la Runda Tokio si a constat in asa numita :

    • Clauza stand still

    • Clauza roll back

    • Abordare sectoriala

    • Formula elvetiana

    Correct Answer
    A. Formula elvetiana
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "formula elvetiana". The question is asking about the negotiation technique used during the Tokyo Round, and the correct answer is the "formula elvetiana".

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  • 9. 

    Acordurile multilaterale negociate la Runda Uruguay sunt :

    • Obligatorii numai pentru tarile industrializate

    • Obligatorii pentru tarile dezvoltate si facultative pentru tarile in curs de dezvoltare

    • Obligatorii pentru toate tarile membre ale OMC

    • Obligatorii pentru tarile cu economie de piata si facultative pentru tarile in tranzitie

    Correct Answer
    A. Obligatorii pentru toate tarile membre ale OMC
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "obligatorii pentru toate tarile membre ale OMC". This means that the multilateral agreements negotiated in the Uruguay Round are mandatory for all member countries of the World Trade Organization (OMC). This implies that all member countries must comply with these agreements and implement the obligations and commitments outlined in them. There are no exceptions or variations based on the level of development or economic system of the countries.

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  • 10. 

    Printre numeroasele limite/nise existente in cadrul reglementarilor OMC si care fac posibil un comportament anticoncurential regasim:

    • Practicile incorecte folosite in companii autohtone pe pietele de export sunt sactionate in mod incorect, invocandu-se in acest context caracterul extrateritorial al unor legi

    • Desi exista prevederi exprese ale OMC prin care tarile membre sunt obligate sa puna in aplicare o legislatie in domeniul concurentei, acestea nu sunt respectate

    • Mecanismul ce funtioneaza in cadrul OMC este mai putin eficient datorita eliminarii procedurilor de apel

    • Practicile de afaceri pur private, care restrictioneaza accesul la piete si care nu sunt sustinute de stat nu pot fi atacate cu prevederile GATT sau GATS

    Correct Answer
    A. Practicile de afaceri pur private, care restrictioneaza accesul la piete si care nu sunt sustinute de stat nu pot fi atacate cu prevederile GATT sau GATS
    Explanation
    The correct answer states that purely private business practices that restrict market access and are not supported by the state cannot be challenged under the provisions of GATT or GATS. This means that if a business engages in anti-competitive practices that limit competition and hinder market access, but these practices are purely private and not backed by the government, they cannot be addressed or regulated under the rules and agreements of GATT or GATS.

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  • 11. 

    Care dintre urmatoarele afirmatii este adevarata, tinand cont de relatia contingente-taxe vamale:

    • Contingentele cultiva nediscriminarea

    • In cazul folosirii taxelor vamale ca instrument de protejare a economiei este mai dificila calcularea protectiei efective

    • Taxele vamale sunt mai putin transparente decat contingentele

    • Contingentele incurajeaza actiunile de lobby

    Correct Answer
    A. Contingentele incurajeaza actiunile de lobby
    Explanation
    Contingentele incurajeaza actiunile de lobby deoarece ele permit un anumit numar de bunuri sa fie importate la taxe vamale reduse sau chiar zero. Aceasta permite companiilor sau grupurilor de interese sa faca lobby pentru a obtine aceste contingentari si sa beneficieze de avantaje economice. Astfel, contingentarea poate crea oportunitati pentru actiuni de lobby si influenta politica.

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  • 12. 

    Deprecierea monedei nationale este o masura de stimulare a exporturilor:

    • Care produce efecte favorabile pe termen foarte lung

    • Care are efect favorabil daca ritmul in care se produce deprecierea este superior celui in care se erodeaza puterea de cumparare a monedei la nivel intern

    • Care produce efecte favorabile pe termen lung

    • Care determina castiguri pentru firmele exportatoare ca urmare a preturilor mai ridicate pe care acestea le pot practica pe pietele externe

    Correct Answer
    A. Care are efect favorabil daca ritmul in care se produce deprecierea este superior celui in care se erodeaza puterea de cumparare a monedei la nivel intern
    Explanation
    Depreciation of the national currency can stimulate exports if the rate at which the currency depreciates is higher than the rate at which the purchasing power of the currency erodes domestically. This means that if the currency depreciates faster than inflation, it can make exports more competitive in international markets and lead to higher prices for exporting firms. However, it is important to note that this effect is only favorable if the depreciation rate is higher than the erosion of purchasing power domestically.

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  • 13. 

    Declansarea unei noi runde de negocieri comerciale multilaterale, dupa finalizarea Rundei Uruguay a avut loc :

    • In 1998, la Conferinta Ministeriala de la Geneva, cu ocazia aniversarii a 50 de ani de la lansarea Sistemului Comercial Multilateral

    • In 1999, la Conferinta Ministeriala de la Seattle, cu prilejul numirii noului Director General

    • In 2001, la Conferinta Ministeriala de la Doha, ocazie cu care China si Taiwan-ul devin membri OMC

    • In 2005, la Conferinta Ministeriala de la Hong Kong, cu ocazia implinirii a 10 ani de la infiintarea OMC

    Correct Answer
    A. In 2001, la Conferinta Ministeriala de la Doha, ocazie cu care China si Taiwan-ul devin membri OMC
  • 14. 

    Nu fac parte in mod obisnuit dintre purtatorii de cerere de protectionism:

    • Gruparile sindicale

    • Sectoarele tehnilogic-intensive

    • Gruparile ecologiste

    • Companiile transnationale

    Correct Answer
    A. Companiile transnationale
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "companiile transnationale" because the other options listed (gruparile sindicale, sectoarele tehnilogic-intensive, gruparile ecologiste) are typically associated with advocating for protectionism. However, transnational companies are usually more focused on global expansion and free trade, rather than protectionist policies.

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  • 15. 

    In categoria subventiilor tratate de Acordul privind Agricultura incheiat cu ocazia Rundei Uruguay regasim:

    • Subventii actionabile

    • Subventii neactionabile

    • Subventii directe acordate in functie de performantele inregistrate la export

    • Subventii transportului extern in cazul produselor importate

    Correct Answer
    A. Subventii directe acordate in functie de performantele inregistrate la export
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "subventii directe acordate in functie de performantele inregistrate la export." This answer refers to direct subsidies given based on export performance. The other options mentioned are "subventii actionabile" (actionable subsidies), "subventii neactionabile" (non-actionable subsidies), and "subventii transportului extern in cazul produselor importate" (external transportation subsidies for imported products). These options do not specifically mention subsidies based on export performance, making them incorrect.

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  • 16. 

    Ultima Conferinta Ministeriala a OMC a avut loc in decembrie 2011 la:

    • Singapore

    • Cancun

    • Geneva

    • Hong Kong

    Correct Answer
    A. Geneva
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Geneva. The question is asking about the location of the last Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization (WTO). The conference took place in December 2011, and Geneva is the headquarters of the WTO, making it a logical choice for hosting such an event.

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  • 17. 

    Asa numita Carta de la Havana a urmarit sa puna bazele :

    • Acordului General pentru Tarife si Comert - GATT

    • Organizatiei Mondiale a Comertului - OMC/WTO

    • Acordului General pentru Tarife si Servicii - GATS

    • Organizatiei Internationale a Comertului

    Correct Answer
    A. Organizatiei Internationale a Comertului
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Organizatiei Internationale a Comertului" (International Trade Organization). The question is asking about the purpose of the so-called Havana Charter. The Havana Charter was a trade agreement that aimed to establish the International Trade Organization (ITO), which would have been an international body regulating trade and promoting economic cooperation. However, the ITO was never fully established, and instead, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was created as an interim measure. The World Trade Organization (WTO) later replaced GATT.

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  • 18. 

    In functie de modul de percepere sau de aplicare taxele vamale sunt :

    • Nominale, efective, cu efect neutru

    • De import, de export, de tranzit

    • Ad-valorem, specifice, mixte

    • Conventionale, autonome, preferentiale

    Correct Answer
    A. Ad-valorem, specifice, mixte
    Explanation
    The correct answer is ad-valorem, specifice, mixte. Ad-valorem taxes are based on a percentage of the value of the imported or exported goods. Specific taxes are fixed amounts per unit of goods, regardless of their value. Mixed taxes combine both ad-valorem and specific elements. These different types of taxes are used in international trade to regulate and control the flow of goods and to generate revenue for the government.

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  • 19. 

    Propunerea privind sprijinirea unei conduite internationale in domeniul concurentei a fost facuta initial in cadrul GATT/OMC de catre :

    • Uniunea Europeana

    • Statele Unite ale Americii

    • Japonia

    • Tarile in curs de dezvoltare

    Correct Answer
    A. Statele Unite ale Americii
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Statele Unite ale Americii." The proposal to support international conduct in the field of competition was initially made within the framework of GATT/OMC by the United States of America.

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  • 20. 

    Functiile impunerii vamale sunt :

    • Fiscala, protectionista, de negociere

    • Promotionala, stimulativa, sanctionatorie

    • Bugetara, financiar-bancara, de negociere

    • Protectionista, promotionala de reglementare

    Correct Answer
    A. Fiscala, protectionista, de negociere
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "fiscala, protectionista, de negociere". The functions of customs imposition include fiscal, protectionist, and negotiation. The fiscal function involves the collection of customs duties and taxes on imported goods, which contributes to government revenue. The protectionist function aims to protect domestic industries by imposing import restrictions or tariffs. The negotiation function involves negotiating trade agreements and resolving trade disputes with other countries.

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  • 21. 

    Reprezinta un argument micro si mezoeconomic de sustinere a oportunitatii folosirii instrumentelor de politica comerciala:

    • Programele de dezvoltare economica

    • Mentinerea locurilor de munca

    • Argumentele de politica industriala

    • Argumentul derivat din teoria grupurilor de interese

    Correct Answer
    A. Mentinerea locurilor de munca
    Explanation
    The maintenance of jobs is a micro and mesoeconomic argument in support of the use of trade policy instruments. By implementing trade policies that protect domestic industries, such as imposing tariffs or quotas on imported goods, governments can help maintain jobs within those industries. This is because these policies can make it more expensive or difficult for foreign competitors to enter the market, thus reducing the risk of job losses to foreign competition. Therefore, the maintenance of jobs is seen as a valid reason to use trade policy instruments to support economic growth and stability.

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  • 22. 

    Printre costurile pe care le presupun normele tehnice divergente nu regasim:

    • Pierderea efectelor pozitive derivate din practicarea economiei de scara

    • Costurile implicate de actiunile de lobby necesare pentru inlaturarea acestor norme

    • Costurile de informare

    • Costurile implicate de indeplinirea normelor tehnice

    Correct Answer
    A. Costurile implicate de actiunile de lobby necesare pentru inlaturarea acestor norme
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "costurile implicate de actiunile de lobby necesare pentru inlaturarea acestor norme". This means that among the costs associated with divergent technical standards, the cost of lobbying to remove these standards is not included. This suggests that the other options, such as the loss of economies of scale, the costs of information, and the costs of complying with technical standards, are all considered as costs associated with divergent technical standards.

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  • 23. 

    Logrolling-ul reprezinta :

    • Actiunile de lobby

    • Asa numitul "comert cu voturi"

    • Presiunea grupurilor de interese

    • Strategia de substituire a importurilor

    Correct Answer
    A. Asa numitul "comert cu voturi"
    Explanation
    Logrolling-ul reprezintă practica prin care membrii unei organizații sau grupuri de interese se angajează să susțină reciproc anumite propuneri legislative sau decizii în schimbul sprijinului pentru propriile lor interese. Acest fenomen este cunoscut și ca "comert cu voturi", deoarece implica un schimb de sprijin politic sau voturi între diferite părți implicate. Prin această strategie, grupurile de interese își pot promova agenda și pot obține rezultate favorabile prin consolidarea sprijinului politic.

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  • 24. 

    Pretul de tranzactie al unui produs suspectat a face obiectul unei practici de dumping este de 950 USD/tona; marja de profit considerata rezonabila este de 10%, costurile de productie sunt de 1050 USD/tona. Conform codului antidumping, marja maxima de dumping va fi :

    • 100 USD / tona

    • 15 USD / tona

    • 0 USD / tona

    • 205 USD / tona

    Correct Answer
    A. 205 USD / tona
    Explanation
    According to the information provided, the transaction price of the product suspected of being subject to dumping is $950 per ton. The reasonable profit margin is considered to be 10%, which is $95 per ton. The production costs are $1050 per ton. To calculate the maximum dumping margin, we subtract the reasonable profit margin from the production costs: $1050 - $95 = $205. Therefore, the correct answer is 205 USD/ton.

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  • 25. 

    Printre scopurile avute in vedere in cadrul operatiunii de impunere vamala intalnim:

    • Protejarea sanatatii si securitatii populatiei

    • Respectarea prevederilor politicii comerciale

    • Plata taxelor vamale

    • Incurajarea activitatilor de export

    Correct Answer
    A. Plata taxelor vamale
    Explanation
    The purpose of customs imposition includes the payment of customs duties. These duties are charges imposed on goods that are being imported or exported, and they contribute to the revenue of the government. By ensuring that customs duties are paid, the government can generate income that can be used for various purposes such as funding public services and infrastructure development. Therefore, the correct answer is "plata taxelor vamale" which translates to "payment of customs duties."

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  • 26. 

    Se considera a fi taxe vamale cu nivel predeterminat:

    • Taxele autonome

    • Taxele conventionale

    • Taxele antidumping

    • Taxele ad-valorem

    Correct Answer
    A. Taxele antidumping
    Explanation
    Taxele antidumping sunt considerate a fi taxe vamale cu nivel predeterminat. Aceste taxe sunt impuse asupra importurilor de bunuri care sunt considerate a fi vândute la un preț mai mic decât prețul de piață din țara în care sunt produse. Scopul taxelor antidumping este de a proteja producătorii locali de concurența neloială a importurilor ieftine și de a menține echilibrul în comerțul internațional.

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  • 27. 

    Printre masurile de stimulare a exporturilor de natura fiscala regasim :

    • Prime directe, subventii directe, subventii indirecte

    • Creditul furnizor, creditul cumparator, liniile de credit

    • Deprecierea monedei nationale, primele valutare

    • Reducerea bazei de impozitare, amanarea platii impozitelor

    Correct Answer
    A. Reducerea bazei de impozitare, amanarea platii impozitelor
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "reducerea bazei de impozitare, amanarea platii impozitelor". This answer suggests that one of the measures to stimulate exports is to reduce the tax base, which means lowering the taxable amount on exported goods. Another measure is to defer the payment of taxes, allowing exporters to have more cash flow and flexibility in managing their finances. These measures can incentivize businesses to export more by reducing their tax burden and providing financial relief.

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  • 28. 

    Dupa obiect taxele vamale se clasifica in:

    • De import, de export, de tranzit

    • Protectioniste, cu caracter fiscal

    • Speficice, ad-valorem, mixte

    • Autonome, conventionale, de retorsiune

    Correct Answer
    A. De import, de export, de tranzit
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "de import, de export, de tranzit". This is because customs duties are classified according to the type of trade they apply to. "De import" refers to duties imposed on goods imported into a country, "de export" refers to duties imposed on goods exported out of a country, and "de tranzit" refers to duties imposed on goods passing through a country in transit to another destination.

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  • 29. 

    NU reprezinta un principiu al Sistemului comercial multilateral :

    • Nediscriminarea

    • Transparenta

    • Salvgardarea

    • Nereciprocitatea

    Correct Answer
    A. Nereciprocitatea
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "nereciprocitatea" (non-reciprocity). Non-reciprocity is a principle of the multilateral trading system that allows developing countries to enjoy certain benefits and concessions without having to provide equivalent benefits in return. This principle recognizes the asymmetry in development levels between countries and aims to promote the economic growth and development of less developed nations. It allows these countries to protect their domestic industries and pursue their development objectives while still participating in international trade.

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  • 30. 

    Obiectivul vizat de SUA si Franta prin declansarea tratativelor referitoare la introducerea unei asa numite " clauze sociale " urmarea :

    • Limitarea accesului lucratorilor straini la pietele acestor tari

    • Impunerea unor standarde minime in acest domeniu, ca o preconditie a accesului la piete

    • Egalizarea salariilor in cadrul diferitelor domenii, la nivelul tarilor membre OMC

    • Stoparea cresterii excesive a salariilor in tarile dezvoltate

    Correct Answer
    A. Impunerea unor standarde minime in acest domeniu, ca o preconditie a accesului la piete
    Explanation
    The correct answer is impunerea unor standarde minime in acest domeniu, ca o preconditie a accesului la piete. This means that the objective of the United States and France in initiating negotiations regarding the introduction of the so-called "social clauses" is to impose minimum standards in this field as a prerequisite for market access. This suggests that they want to ensure that certain social standards, such as labor rights and working conditions, are met by countries wanting to access their markets.

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  • 31. 

    Deturnarea de comert presupune :

    • Reorientarea fluxurilor comerciale ca urmare a sporirii protectionismului netarifar

    • Amplificarea comertului international ca urmare a stimularii exporturilor

    • Inlocuirea unor surse de aprovizionare mai putin eficiente ca si costuri situate in cadrul unei uniuni vamale cu surse mai eficiente din afara acesteia

    • Inlocuirea unor surse de furnizare mai avantajoase ca si costuri de protectie situate in afara unei uniuni vamale cu surse mai putin eficiente din cadrul acesteia

    Correct Answer
    A. Inlocuirea unor surse de furnizare mai avantajoase ca si costuri de protectie situate in afara unei uniuni vamale cu surse mai putin eficiente din cadrul acesteia
    Explanation
    This answer suggests that trade diversion refers to the replacement of more advantageous sources of supply, in terms of protection costs, located outside a customs union, with less efficient sources within the union. In other words, trade diversion occurs when a customs union chooses to import goods from less efficient sources within the union, rather than from more efficient sources outside the union, due to the protection costs involved.

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  • 32. 

    NU este o caracteristica definitorie a negocierilor comerciale multilaterale :

    • La negocieri trebuie sa participe obligatoriu toate tarile membre ale OMC

    • Negocierile sunt schimburi multivalente de concesii

    • Guvernele participante nu sunt structuri monolitice

    • Echitatea este uneori mai importanta decat eficacitatea

    Correct Answer
    A. La negocieri trebuie sa participe obligatoriu toate tarile membre ale OMC
    Explanation
    The statement "la negocieri trebuie sa participe obligatoriu toate tarile membre ale OMC" is not a defining characteristic of multilateral trade negotiations. While it is true that all member countries of the WTO are encouraged to participate in negotiations, it is not mandatory for all countries to be involved in every negotiation. Some negotiations may be limited to a subset of countries or may involve only a bilateral agreement between two countries. Therefore, the given statement does not accurately describe a defining characteristic of multilateral trade negotiations.

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  • 33. 

    Conform Codului Antidumping adoptat la Runda Uruguay este adevarata urmatoarea afirmatie :

    • Investigatia trebuie sa inceteze daca marja de dumping este mai mica de 5% din pretul de export al produsului

    • Acest cod stabilea standarde specifice privind solutionarea diferendelor si constituirea panelelor de experti care sa analizeze situatiile

    • Investigatia trebuie suspendata volumul importurilor realizate la preturi de dumping este peste 3% din totalul importurilor la cel bun

    • Codul instituia reguli mai putin detaliate cu privire la modul de calcul a valorii normale

    Correct Answer
    A. Acest cod stabilea standarde specifice privind solutionarea diferendelor si constituirea panelelor de experti care sa analizeze situatiile
    Explanation
    The given answer states that the code established specific standards for resolving disputes and forming panels of experts to analyze situations. This means that the code had provisions in place to handle conflicts and had a mechanism for expert analysis.

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  • 34. 

    Acordarea de facilitati bugetare unor sectoare din amonte reprezinta:

    • O subventionare indirecta a exporturilor

    • O subventionare directa a exporturilor

    • Oferirea unei prime de export

    • Oferirea unei facilitati fiscale la export

    Correct Answer
    A. O subventionare indirecta a exporturilor
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "o subventionare indirecta a exporturilor" which translates to "indirect subsidization of exports" in English. This means that providing budgetary facilities to upstream sectors indirectly supports and promotes exports. It implies that the government is offering financial assistance or incentives to industries or sectors that contribute to the production or supply chain of export goods, which in turn helps boost the overall export industry.

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  • 35. 

    Printre acordurile/codurile OMC, incheiate cu ocazia Rundei Uruguay, are contin prevederi cu privire la reglementarile din domeniul concurentei NU regasim :

    • GATS

    • TRIPS

    • Acordul privind masurile investitionale legate de comert

    • Codul antidumping

    Correct Answer
    A. Codul antidumping
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "codul antidumping." This is because the question asks for an agreement/code that is not included in the agreements/codes of the WTO concluded during the Uruguay Round. The GATS (General Agreement on Trade in Services) and TRIPS (Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights) are both agreements that were concluded during the Uruguay Round. The Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMS) is also an agreement concluded during the Uruguay Round. However, the "codul antidumping" is not mentioned as one of the agreements/codes concluded during the Uruguay Round.

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  • 36. 

    NU reprezinta o caracteristica a comertului electronic una dintre urmatoarele asertiuni :

    • Asigura o viteza ridicata de derulare a tranzactiilor

    • Confera o flexibilitate crescuta politicilor comerciale

    • Presupune o complexitate mai ridicata a procedurilor de tranzactionare

    • Contribuie la cresterea competitivitatii la nivel de firma sau de tara

    Correct Answer
    A. Presupune o complexitate mai ridicata a procedurilor de tranzactionare
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "presupune o complexitate mai ridicata a procedurilor de tranzactionare". This means that electronic commerce involves more complex procedures for conducting transactions compared to traditional commerce. This can be attributed to factors such as the need for secure online payment systems, data protection measures, and the integration of various technological platforms. The complexity of these procedures can pose challenges for businesses and individuals involved in electronic commerce.

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  • 37. 

    Nu este o caracteristică sistemică a mecanismului OMC de soluţionare a diferendelor:

    • La mecanism participă direct doar guvernele ţărilor membre

    • Compensarea pierderilor înregistrate de parteneri nu este de regulă cerută sau acordată

    • Prin consultări bilaterale se rezolvă majoritatea diferendelor apărute între membrii

    • Costurile de administrare a sistemului sunt reduse

    Correct Answer
    A. Costurile de administrare a sistemului sunt reduse
    Explanation
    The statement "costurile de administrare a sistemului sunt reduse" suggests that the administration costs of the WTO dispute settlement mechanism are low. This means that the expenses associated with managing and operating the system are not high. This characteristic implies that the mechanism is efficient and cost-effective in resolving trade disputes between member countries.

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  • 38. 

    La finele rundei Uruguay s-a stabilit continuarea negocierilor privind serviciile in domeniul:

    • Serviciilor educationale

    • Transporturi aeriene

    • Serviciile de consultanta

    • Transporturile maritime

    Correct Answer
    A. Transporturile maritime
    Explanation
    The question is asking about the continuation of negotiations in a specific field at the end of the round in Uruguay. The correct answer is "transporturile maritime" which translates to "maritime transport" in English. This means that the negotiations were focused on the services related to maritime transportation.

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  • 39. 

    Sunset clause este acea clauza adoptata la Runda Uruguay care prevedea ca:

    • Toate masurile compatibile conduitei GATT trebuiau retrase pana la finele rundei de negocieri

    • In schimbul eliminarii masurilor incompatibile conduitei internationale nu pot fi solicitate concesii

    • Orice masura din zona gri trebuia retrasa automat

    • Orice actiune de salvgardare trebuie sa fie limitata in timp

    Correct Answer
    A. Orice actiune de salvgardare trebuie sa fie limitata in timp
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "orice actiune de salvgardare trebuie sa fie limitata in timp" because a sunset clause refers to a provision in a law or agreement that sets a specific expiration date or termination point. In the context of international trade, a sunset clause would mean that any safeguard measures implemented to protect domestic industries from import competition must have a time limit and cannot be permanent. This ensures that the measures are temporary and do not disrupt the normal functioning of international trade in the long term.

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  • 40. 

    Printre particularitatile barierelor comerciale netarifare nu regasim:

    • Se definesc printr-o mare diversitate tipologica

    • Acopera o mare varietate a domeniilor de aplicabilitate

    • Sunt masuri comerciale cu un grad de transparenta ridicat

    • Influenteaza direct volumul fizic al bunurilor importate

    Correct Answer
    A. Sunt masuri comerciale cu un grad de transparenta ridicat
  • 41. 

    Reprezinta forme de restrangere a teritoriului vamal:

    • Zona de liber schimb perfecta si imperfecta

    • Uniunea vamala perfecta si imperfecta

    • Antrepozitele vamale

    • Uniunea vamala si zona de liber schimb

    Correct Answer
    A. Antrepozitele vamale
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "antrepozitele vamale" because it refers to customs warehouses where goods can be stored without being subject to import duties or other taxes. These warehouses are used for temporary storage or processing of goods before they are released into the domestic market or re-exported. This form of restriction of the customs territory involves controlling the movement and storage of goods within these designated areas.

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  • 42. 

    Preturile minime la import se folosesc atunci cand:

    • Costurile de productie la produsele indigene sunt semnificativ mai ridicate decat cele ale concurentilor externi

    • Se doreste realizarea unor importuri de produse la preturi cat mai scazute

    • Pe piata internationala preturile anumitor produse cresc semnificativ

    • Se doreste cresterea semnificativa a importurilor la respectivele categorii de produse

    Correct Answer
    A. Costurile de productie la produsele indigene sunt semnificativ mai ridicate decat cele ale concurentilor externi
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "costurile de productie la produsele indigene sunt semnificativ mai ridicate decat cele ale concurentilor externi." This means that minimum import prices are used when the production costs of domestic products are significantly higher than those of foreign competitors. This suggests that the purpose of setting minimum import prices is to protect domestic industries from unfair competition and ensure that they can compete with lower-cost foreign products.

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  • 43. 

    Reprezinta o caracteristica a politicii de liber-schimb :

    • Liberalizarea fluxurilor comerciale determina comerciantii sa dovedeasca o responsabilitate mai redusa fata de consumatori

    • Printre cei mai frecventi critici ai liberului schimb se afla aparatorii mediului ambiant

    • Tarile care au adoptat o astfel de politica cmeciala au obtinut cresteri ale productivitatii muncii inferioare celor inregistrate de tarile care s-au bazat pe politici protectioniste

    • Conform analizelor economice liberalizarea schimburilor comerciale nu determina o crestere de bunastare

    Correct Answer
    A. Printre cei mai frecventi critici ai liberului schimb se afla aparatorii mediului ambiant
    Explanation
    The given correct answer states that one of the characteristics of free trade policy is that environmental advocates are among the most frequent critics of free trade. This suggests that free trade policies may have negative impacts on the environment, which is a common concern raised by environmentalists.

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  • 44. 

    Fac parte din "zona gri" a protectionismului urmatoarele instrumente de politica comerciala :

    • Interdictiile la import, limitarile voluntare la export, preturile minime

    • Limitarile voluntare la export, prelevarile variabile la import, taxele de retorsiune

    • Contingentele tarifare, licentele de import, depunerile valutare prealabile

    • Acordurile de comercializare ordonata, preturile maxime la import, contigentele

    Correct Answer
    A. Limitarile voluntare la export, prelevarile variabile la import, taxele de retorsiune
    Explanation
    The correct answer includes three instruments of trade policy that fall under the "gray area" of protectionism. "Limitarile voluntare la export" refers to voluntary export restraints, which are agreements between countries to limit the quantity of goods they export to each other. "Prelevarile variabile la import" refers to variable import levies, which are taxes imposed on imported goods that vary depending on factors such as the quantity or value of the goods. "Taxele de retorsiune" refers to retaliatory tariffs, which are tariffs imposed by a country in response to another country's trade restrictions or unfair trade practices. These three instruments are considered "gray area" because they are not outright bans or restrictions on trade, but they still have the effect of protecting domestic industries.

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  • 45. 

    Nu este corecta una dintre urmatoarele afirmatii:

    • Membrii GATT s-au numit parti contractante

    • Regimul de draw-back este o masura de stimulare a exporturilor de natura fiscala

    • Indicele de frecventa se calculeaza ca raport intre volumul importurilor vizate de bariere netarifare si volumul total al importurilor

    • Examinarea politicii comerciale a primelor patru mari puteri comerciale se face la fiecare 2 ani

    Correct Answer
    A. Indicele de frecventa se calculeaza ca raport intre volumul importurilor vizate de bariere netarifare si volumul total al importurilor
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "indicele de frecventa se calculeaza ca raport intre volumul importurilor vizate de bariere netarifare si volumul total al importurilor". The statement is incorrect because the frequency index is actually calculated as the ratio between the number of occurrences of a specific event and the total number of events in a given period, not related to import volumes and tariff barriers.

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  • 46. 

    Discriminarea impotriva produselor straine in procedurile de achizitii guvernamentale se poate manifesta sub urmatoarea forma:

    • Limitarea accesului companiilor straine la contractele de anvergura efectuate in cadrul unor achizitii publice pe baza de licitatie publica internationala

    • Impunerea unor conditii sau cerinte discriminatorii fata de ofertantii interni care s-au asociat cu parteneri externi

    • Oferirea de tratament comercial si financiar prferential unor companii care se angajeaza sa utilizeze cantitati insemnate de produse indigene, in procesul de executare a contractelor guvernamentale

    • Distribuirea discriminatorie a caietului de sarcini elaborat in vederea organizarii licitatiei internationale implicate de o anumita categorie de achizitii guvernamentale

    Correct Answer
    A. Oferirea de tratament comercial si financiar prferential unor companii care se angajeaza sa utilizeze cantitati insemnate de produse indigene, in procesul de executare a contractelor guvernamentale
    Explanation
    The correct answer is providing preferential commercial and financial treatment to companies that commit to using significant quantities of domestic products in the execution of government contracts. This form of discrimination involves giving special advantages to companies that prioritize the use of domestic products, which can disadvantage foreign companies and create an unfair playing field in government procurement processes.

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  • 47. 

    Principiul gradualizarii presupunea :

    • Posibilitatea tarilor donatoare de a retrage treptat preferintele vamale acordate, atunci cand nivelul de dezvoltare al tarilor beneficiare s-a imbunatatit

    • Posibilitatea tarilor beneficiare de preferinte vamale de a-si creste nivelul de acces pe pietele tarilor dezvoltate, pe masura dezvoltarii relatiilor comerciale reciproce

    • Posibilitatea tarilor in curs de dezvoltare de a aplica in mod treptat angajamentele asumate in cadrul rundelor de negocieri

    • Posibilitatea tarilor participante la realizarea unor grupari regionale, de a reduce in mod treptat , barierele comerciale existente initial intre membrii gruparii

    Correct Answer
    A. Posibilitatea tarilor donatoare de a retrage treptat preferintele vamale acordate, atunci cand nivelul de dezvoltare al tarilor beneficiare s-a imbunatatit
    Explanation
    The principle of gradualism implies that donor countries have the ability to gradually withdraw the customs preferences granted when the level of development of the beneficiary countries improves. This means that as the beneficiary countries become more developed, the donor countries can reduce or remove the trade benefits they were providing. This principle allows for a gradual transition and adjustment in trade relations based on the development levels of the participating countries.

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  • 48. 

    Care dintre urmatoarele actiuni reprezinta una dintre imbunatatirile aduse mecanismului de solutionare a diferendelor in cadrul OMC , comparativ cu GATT :

    • Renuntarea la procedurile de apel

    • Aprobarea automata a masurilor de retorsiune in cazul ignorarii recomandarilor facute de experti

    • Renuntarea la supravegherea punerii in aplicare a rapoartelor adoptate de panelul de experti

    • Introducerea posibilitatii blocarii deciziei de creare a panelelor de experti

    Correct Answer
    A. Aprobarea automata a masurilor de retorsiune in cazul ignorarii recomandarilor facute de experti
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "aprobarea automata a masurilor de retorsiune in cazul ignorarii recomandarilor facute de experti". This represents an improvement in the dispute settlement mechanism of the World Trade Organization (WTO) compared to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). Under GATT, retaliation measures had to be authorized by the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB), which could lead to delays and potential blocking by member states. However, in the WTO, if a member state ignores the recommendations made by the experts, the retaliation measures are automatically approved, allowing for a more efficient and timely resolution of disputes.

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  • 49. 

    Reprezinta o trasatura caracteristica a protectiei economiei nationale prin intermediul instrumentelor de politica comerciala :

    • Politica comerciala este singura modalitate de protejare a economiei nationale

    • Protectia oferita prin intermediul instrumentelor de politica comerciala nu trebuie sa contribuie la stimularea dezvoltarii economice generale

    • Protectia comerciala nu trebuie sa fie corelata cu viabilitatea sectorului protejat

    • Protectia comerciala trebuie sa aiba un caracter limitat in timp

    Correct Answer
    A. Protectia comerciala trebuie sa aiba un caracter limitat in timp
    Explanation
    The correct answer states that protectionism should have a limited duration. This means that trade protection measures, such as tariffs or quotas, should not be imposed indefinitely. Instead, they should be temporary and time-bound. This is because prolonged protectionism can hinder overall economic development and prevent industries from adapting to global competition. By limiting the duration of protectionist measures, countries can strike a balance between protecting domestic industries and promoting economic growth through international trade.

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Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Mar 21, 2023 +

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 21, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Jul 06, 2012
    Quiz Created by
    Elutza

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