Pathology 2 Bones , Joints, Muscle And Peripheral Nerves

29 Questions | By Adrianapatino003 | Last updated: Mar 20, 2022 | Total Attempts: 169

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1.

Mutation in genes encoding fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (autosomal dominant trait) Dwarfs
- A.
  
  Achondroplasia
- B.
  
  Osteoporosis
- C.
  
  Osteogenesis Imperfecta
2.

Abnormally dense bone disorder - Autosomal dominant: multiple fractures - Autosomal recessive: slow growth, mental retardation
- A.
  
  Achondroplasia
- B.
  
  Osteopetrosis
- C.
  
  Osteogenesis imperfecta
3.

Imperfect bone forming resulting in bone weakness and fractures P. OI congenital (fetus), OI tarda (autosomal dominant, after perinatal period) Appears inmidiatelly at born or early in life. The baby born with multiple fractures. C. Multiple bone fractures, blue sclera, thin skin, defective heart valves
- A.
  
  Osteopetrosis
- B.
  
  Osteomyelitis
- C.
  
  Osteogenesis Imperfecta
4.

An infection of bone usually caused by bacteria resulting in inflammation of medullary and cortical portions of bone and periosteum. In children long bones and in adults vertebrae. Any bone can be involve. Severe bone disease Types: pyogenic, chronic if not properly treat, tuberculous P. Suppurative inflammation C. Marked leukocytosis in blood
- A.
  
  Osteomyelitis
- B.
  
  Osteopetrosis
- C.
  
  Achondroplasia
5.

No infection bone necrosis due to schemia C. Head of femur is the most important site. Cchilds and elderly
- A.
  
  Osteopenia
- B.
  
  Aseptic Bone Necrosis
- C.
  
  Osteoporosis
6.

Decrease in the amount of osseous tissue (lost of bone mass). Reduced amount of mineralized bone, usually as a result of osteomalacia or osteoporosis
- A.
  
  Osteomalacia
- B.
  
  Osteoporosis
- C.
  
  Osteopenia
7.

Clinical presentation of osteopenia. Acondition characterized by excessive thinning and fragility of bones as result of atrphy and loss of bone substance P. Low density, thinning of the spongy trabeculae of the affected bone. Imbalance between resorption and formation C. Bone fractures (pain), reduction of height
- A.
  
  Osteoporosis
- B.
  
  Osteopenia
- C.
  
  Osteomalacia
8.

A condition marked by softening of the bones caused by hormones or vitamin Ddeficiency. (Have enough bone tissue, but not enough mineralization). Inadecuate mineralization of the organic bone matrix (Rickets in childs) E. Inadequate intake of Vit D, inadequate sunlight, abnormal intestinal absorption
- A.
  
  Osteopenia
- B.
  
  Osteomalacia
- C.
  
  Osteoporosis
9.

E. Chronic renal failure. P. Compensatory hyperparathyroidism (dry calcium out of bones) osteomalacia
- A.
  
  Renal Osteodystrophy
- B.
  
  Paget's Disease
- C.
  
  Osteomalacia
10.

Osteitis deformant. A chronic disease of bones characterized by their great enlargement and rarefaction with bowing of the long bones and deformation of the flat bones ( a bone disease marked by bone densities and deformities) Develops in adults P. Osteoclast defects, irregular restructuring, normal compact bone replaced by sclerotic dense bone, thickening and deformities of the bones C. headaches (mayors one that get worst without a reason), honeycomb or cotton wool appearence bone, bowlegs
- A.
  
  Osteomalacia
- B.
  
  Paget's Disease
- C.
  
  Renal Osteodystrophy
11.

Most common highly malignant tumor of bones. Likes end of long bones (femur, tibia, fibula..) C.Loss of that extremety (amputation)
- A.
  
  Osteosarcoma (osteogenic sarcoma)
- B.
  
  Chondrosarcoma
- C.
  
  Osteoclastoma
12.

Malignant cartilage tumor. Likes spine and pelvic bones. 3 times more in men ages 30-40
- A.
  
  Ewings Sarcoma
- B.
  
  Chondrosarcoma
- C.
  
  Osteoclastoma
13.

Giant cell tumor. Located in knees. Loss of function of the join, large bulky mass, cystic mass. Young women 19 pick in their 30's.
- A.
  
  Osteosarcoma (osteogenic sarcoma)
- B.
  
  Chondrosarcoma
- C.
  
  Osteoclastoma
14.

Medullary cavity neoplasm. Young men between 10 and 20's
- A.
  
  Ewings Sarcoma
- B.
  
  Chondrosarcoma
- C.
  
  Osteoclastoma
15.

Degenerative and metabolic disease (non inflammatory). Affects movable joint. Risk factor, wear and tear of joints, obesity, excessive use of the joint P. Gradual loss of articular cartilage, erosion of articular surface C. Knees and fingers, vertebral joints. Decrease movility, pain, deformity.
- A.
  
  Osteoarthritis
- B.
  
  Rheumatoid arthritis
- C.
  
  Infectious Arthritis
16.

Inflammatory disease. Diffuse thickening and hyperplasia of the synovium, fibrois of joints. 3 x more in females. Infection and autoimmune affects. C. Interphalangeal joints of fingers and metacarpophalangeal joints af hand and feet. Any joint can be affected. Stiff,ankylosis deformities, systemic involving.
- A.
  
  Osteoarthritis
- B.
  
  Rheumatoid arthritis
- C.
  
  Infectious Arthritis
17.

Acute inflammatory process, knees, hip, ankles and wrist P. Acute inflammation, congestion of the synovial membrane
- A.
  
  Osteoarthritis
- B.
  
  Rheumatoid arthritis
- C.
  
  Infectious Arthritis
18.

Rare disease, mostly in men. Autosomal recessive. E. Inborn error in purine metabolism C. Acute arthritis (metatarsophalangeal joint) of great toe, severe pain. Attacks come at night, last for several days
- A.
  
  Gout
- B.
  
  Rheumatoid arthritis
- C.
  
  Osteoarthritis
19.

Autoimmune disease, neuromuscular junction (synapse) ACH. Most common in females C. Fatigue, muscle weakness (eyes and facial muscles are affected) wheel chair is the end result.
- A.
  
  Myastenia Gravis
- B.
  
  Neurogenic Atrophy
- C.
  
  Muscular Dystrophies
20.

Generic deffect, muscle disease, lead to muscle weakness
- A.
  
  Myastenia Gravis
- B.
  
  Neurogenic Atrophy
- C.
  
  Muscular Dystrophies
21.

Most common muscular dystrophy caused by mutation of the gene encoding dystrophin P. Skeletal muscle cells degenerate and muscle weakness continue C. Boy at school starts to complain about weakness. Tired of been walking ar stand up or any activity. Will end in wheel chair. CK (creatinine kinase)
- A.
  
  Duchenne's (XR)
- B.
  
  Myotonic Dystrophy (AD)
- C.
  
  Becker's
22.

Protein kinase is mutated. Muscle takes time to relax after being used.
- A.
  
  Becker's
- B.
  
  Myotonic Dystrophy (AD)
- C.
  
  Duchenne's (XR)
23.

Tumor originate from striaded muscle cells, is the most important soft tissue tumor of children
- A.
  
  Rhabdomyosarcoma
- B.
  
  Synovial Sarcoma
- C.
  
  Polymorphous Cell Sarcoma
24.

Highly malignant tumor originating in the soft tissues of extremities, usually occurs in young adults
- A.
  
  Synovial Sarcoma
- B.
  
  Liposarcoma
- C.
  
  Leiomyosarcoma
25.

Is a tumor of undifferenciated connective tissue cells and fibroblasts
- A.
  
  Angiosarcoma
- B.
  
  Polymorphous Cell Sarcoma
- C.
  
  Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheat Tumor