Paramedic Quiz Chapters 23,24
Based on Nancy Caroline's Emergency Care in the streets chapters 23,24
- 1.Which of the following statements regarding the thorax is most correct
- A.
The thoracic cavity extends to the ninth or tenth rib posteriorly
- B.
The diaphragm inserts into the anterior thoracic cage below the fifth rib
- C.
The dimensions of the thorax are defined inferiorly by the thoracic inlet
- D.
The dimensions of the thorax are defined anteriorly by the thoracic vertebrae
- 2.The eighth, ninth, and tenth ribs are indirectly attached to the sternum by the
- A.
Manubrium
- B.
Angle of louis
- C.
Costal cartilage
- D.
Suprasternal notch
- 3.The space between the second and third ribs is called the
- A.
Third intercostal space
- B.
Intrathoracic margin
- C.
Second intercostal space
- D.
Second subcostal margin
- 4.The visceral pericardial layer
- A.
Comprises the pericadial sac itself
- B.
Is attached directly to the diaphragm
- C.
Is the outermost layer of the pericardium
- D.
Adheres to the heart and forms the epicardium
- 5.The pressure within the right ventricle is
- A.
Less than the pressure within the right atrium
- B.
One fourth of the pressure within the left ventricle
- C.
Nearly equal to the pressure within the left ventricle
- D.
Three times greater than the pressure in the left ventricle
- 6.What is the cardiac output for an 80kg man who has a heart rate of 80 beats/min and a stroke volume of 60mL
- A.
4,800
- B.
5,200
- C.
6,000
- D.
6,400
- 7.Which of the following is not a sight of potential injury when the aorta is subjected to shearing forces during rapid deceleration
- A.
Anulus
- B.
Coronary sinus
- C.
Aortic hiatus
- D.
Ligamentum arteriosum
- 8.The diaphragm
- A.
Is an accessory muscle used during respiratory distress
- B.
Works in conjunction with the sternum during inspiration
- C.
Forms a barrier between the thoracic and abdominal cavities
- D.
Creates positive intrathoracic pressure when it increases in size
- 9.Isolated rib fractures may result in inadequate ventilation because
- A.
The patient often purposely limits chest wall movement
- B.
Most rib fractures cause paradoxical chest wall movement
- C.
The pain associated with the fracture causes hyperventilation
- D.
Preferential use of the intercostal muscles reduces tidal volume
- 10.The self splinting effect observed in patients with chest wall trauma
- A.
Allows the body to compensate for the injury
- B.
May cause atelectasis, hypoxemia, or pneumonia
- C.
Is often accompanied by subcutaneous emphysema
- D.
Is characterized by a markedly increased tidal volume
- 11.An open pneumothorax causes ventilatory inadequacy when
- A.
Positive pressure created by expiration forces air into the pleural space
- B.
The heart stops perfusing the lung on the side of an open chest injury
- C.
Negative pressure created by inspiration draws air into the pleural space
- D.
The glottic opening is much larger than the open wound on the chest wall
- 12.As air accumulates in the pleural space, the first thing to occur is
- A.
Decreased pulmonary function
- B.
Contralateral tracheal deviation
- C.
Compression of the great vessels
- D.
Marked decrease in venous return
- 13.By definition, a massive hemothorax is characterized by
- A.
Pulmonary injury with secondary myocardial injury
- B.
10% of circulating blood volume in the pleural space
- C.
Cardiac arrest secondary to severe intrapleural bleeding
- D.
More than 1,500 mL of blood within the pleural space
- 14.Dysrhythmias following a myocardial contusion are usually secondary to
- A.
Excess tachycardia that accompanies the injury
- B.
Damage to myocardial tissue at the cellular level
- C.
Aneurysm formation caused by vascular damage
- D.
Direct damage to the vasculature of the epicardium
- 15.Traumatic injuries to the aorta are most commonly the result of
- A.
Shearing forces
- B.
Rear-end collisions
- C.
Penetrating trauma
- D.
Motorcycle crashes
- 16.Anatomically, the abdominal cavity extends from the
- A.
Fifth rib to the pelvis
- B.
Umbilicus to the pelvis
- C.
Diaphragm to the pelvis
- D.
Nipple line to the diaphragm
- 17.EMS providers can have the most positive impact on mortality and morbity from abdominal trauma by
- A.
Recognizing the need for rapid transport
- B.
Initiating fluid resuscitation in the field
- C.
Contracting medical control immediately
- D.
Performing a careful abdominal assessment
- 18.The periumbilical area refers to the
- A.
Space behind the navel
- B.
External umbilical orifice
- C.
Areas lateral to the umbilicus
- D.
Area around the umbilicus
- 19.Intraperitoneal organs include all of the following, except the
- A.
Panceas
- B.
Stomach
- C.
Small bowel
- D.
Gallbladder
- 20.Which of the following statements regarding the liver is most correct
- A.
The liver is the largest hollow organ in the abdomen and is responsible for producing and storing bile
- B.
The liver is a relatively avascular organ that is uncommonly injured during blunt abdominal trauma
- C.
The liver is a solid organ that lies in the right upper abdominal quadrant and detoxifies the blood
- D.
The liver is partially protected by the left lower ribcage and serves the function of filtering bacteria from the blood
- 21.As the contents exit the stomach, they first pass through the
- A.
Pylorus
- B.
Duodenum
- C.
Gallbladder
- D.
Cardiac sphincter
- 22.Intraabdominal bleeding may produce few signs and symptoms of trauma because
- A.
The intraabdominal cavity can accommodate large amounts of blood
- B.
Blood in the peritoneum can compress the aorta and maintain perfusion
- C.
It takes approximately 4 liters of blood loss before signs of shock manifest
- D.
The abdominal muscular can sustain massive blunt force without bruising
- 23.The major complications associated with hollow organ injury is
- A.
Massive internal hemorrhage and profound shock
- B.
Peritonitis caused by rupture and spillage of toxins
- C.
Immediate death secondary to a massive infection
- D.
Delayed treatment due to the absence of external signs
- 24.During the third collision in a motor vehicle crash
- A.
Hollow abdominal organs rupture upon impact
- B.
The persons abdomen collides with the steering wheel
- C.
Rapid deceleration propels an unrestrained person forward
- D.
Abdominal organs shear from their points of attachment
- 25.Which of the following factors does not contribute to the extent of injury from a gunshot wound to the abdomen
- A.
Size of the patient
- B.
Profile of the bullet
- C.
Trajectory of the bullet
- D.
Distance the bullet traveled
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