A&p II Digestive System

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  • 1. 
    All of the following are considered organs of the gastrointestinal tract except
    • A. 

      Pharynx

    • B. 

      Small intestine

    • C. 

      Gallbladder

    • D. 

      Stomach

    • E. 

      Esophagus

  • 2. 
    The myenteric plexus
    • A. 

      Controls the contractile strength and frequency of contraction of the muscularis

    • B. 

      Supplies the secretory cells of the mucosal epithelium

    • C. 

      Contains sensory neurons which function as chemoreceptors

    • D. 

      Regulates secretional gastrointestinal organs

    • E. 

      Supplies the mucosal epithelium

  • 3. 
    The mesentery
    • A. 

      Binds the transverse and sigmoid colon to the posterior abdominal wall

    • B. 

      Attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm

    • C. 

      Drapes over the transverse colon and coils of the small intestine

    • D. 

      Extends from the posterior wall to wrap around the small intestine

    • E. 

      Suspends the mucosal epithelium

  • 4. 
    The pharynx is part of both the __________ and ___________ organ systems.
    • A. 

      Digestive and muscular

    • B. 

      Digestive and respiratory

    • C. 

      Respiratory and muscular

    • D. 

      Digestive and endocrine

    • E. 

      Digestive and skeletal

  • 5. 
    Gastric lipase
    • A. 

      Is the result of activation of lingual lipase in the stomach

    • B. 

      Functions best at an alkaline pH

    • C. 

      Is most active in infants

    • D. 

      Synthesizes triglycerides from fatty acids and monoglycerides

    • E. 

      Is much more effective than lingual lipase or pancreatic lipase

  • 6. 
    Pancreatic juice does all of the following except
    • A. 

      Buffer gastric juice

    • B. 

      Provide protein-digesting enzymes in inactive form

    • C. 

      Provide starch-digesting enzymes

    • D. 

      Provide glucagon

    • E. 

      Stop the action of pepsin

  • 7. 
    You absolutely love plain, unsweetened whipped cream and have eaten a cup of it by itself.  Which of the following enzymes would be most useful in digesting this snack of questionable dietary value?
    • A. 

      Pancreatic amylase

    • B. 

      Aminopeptidase

    • C. 

      Pancreatic lipase

    • D. 

      Pepsin

    • E. 

      Deoxyribonuclease

  • 8. 
    In order from the small intestine to the anus, the major regions of the lare intestine are
    • A. 

      Ascending colon-transverse colon-descending colon-cecum-rectum-anal canal

    • B. 

      Cecum-ascending canal-transverse colon-descending colon-rectum-anal canal

    • C. 

      Ascending colon-transverse colon-descending colon-cecum-anal canal-rectum

    • D. 

      Cecum-ascending colon-transverse colon-descending colon-anal canal-rectum

    • E. 

      Ascending colon-transverse colon-descending colon-anal canal-cecum-rectum

  • 9. 
    The enterogastric reflex
    • A. 

      Is stimulated by the presence of chyme in the stomach

    • B. 

      Is stimulated by the presence of chyme in the duodenum

    • C. 

      Results in decreased contraction of the pyloric sphincter

    • D. 

      Increases gastric emptying

    • E. 

      Is the result of parasympathetic stimulation

  • 10. 
    If glucose is not immediately needed for ATP production _______________ may occur.
    • A. 

      Glycogenesis

    • B. 

      Glycogenolysis

    • C. 

      Gluconeogenesis

    • D. 

      Glycolysis

    • E. 

      Glucolysis

  • 11. 
    A high level of LDL accompanied by a low level of HDL is considered
    • A. 

      Beneficial because LDL can deposit triglycerides in adipose cells for storage until the triglycerides are needed for cellular metabolism

    • B. 

      Beneficial because LDL help remove cholesterol from the blood

    • C. 

      Beneficial because LDL are required for insertion of cholesterol into cell membranes

    • D. 

      Deleterious because HDL prevent accumulation of cholesterol in the blood

    • E. 

      Deleterious because LDL remove too much cholesterol from the blood

  • 12. 
    Which of the following statements about the process of deamination is false?
    • A. 

      Required for protein anabolism

    • B. 

      Required for oxidation of amino acids in the Krebs cycle

    • C. 

      Removes amino groups from amino acids

    • D. 

      Occurs in hepatocytes

    • E. 

      Results in the formation of ammonia

  • 13. 
    Amino Acids may
    • A. 

      Be converted into other amino acids

    • B. 

      Be converted into glucose

    • C. 

      Be converted into fatty acids

    • D. 

      All of the above

    • E. 

      None of the above

  • 14. 
    For adequate absorption, all of the folowing require ingestion with other lipids except Vitamin
    • A. 

      A

    • B. 

      C

    • C. 

      D

    • D. 

      E

    • E. 

      K

  • 15. 
    Blood pH may be slightly elevated during digestion of a large meal because there is
    • A. 

      Active transport hydrogen ions into the blood from the stomach

    • B. 

      Active transport of hydrogen ions into the stomach from the blood

    • C. 

      Chloride ion diffusion into the stomach from the blood

    • D. 

      Potassium ion diffusion into the stomach from the blood

    • E. 

      Loss of bicarbonate ions from the parietal cells into the blood

  • 16. 
    Which of the following enzymes is not matched correctly with its substrate
    • A. 

      Pancreatic amylase: starch

    • B. 

      Trypsin: oligo- and disaccharides

    • C. 

      Carboxypeptidase: proteins

    • D. 

      Pancreatic lipase: triglycerides

    • E. 

      Ribonuclease and deoxyribonuclease: nucleic acids

  • 17. 
    The enteroendocrine cells of the small intestine secrete
    • A. 

      Lysozyme

    • B. 

      Secretin, CCK and GIP

    • C. 

      Alkaline mucus

    • D. 

      Brush-border enzymes

    • E. 

      Chylomicrons

  • 18. 
    Insulin is needed for carbohdrate metabolism because it
    • A. 

      Is required for the breakdown of complex carbohydrates

    • B. 

      Transports glucose in the bloodstrea

    • C. 

      Acts as a glucose receptor molecule on the cell surface

    • D. 

      Is part of an active transport mechanism required for entry of glucose into cells

    • E. 

      Increases the insertion of a particular type of glucose transport protein into the cell membrane

  • 19. 
    Which of the following places the evens of glucose catabolim in the correct oder?
    • A. 

      Glycolysis, formation of acetyl coA, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain reactions

    • B. 

      Glycolsis, Krebs cycle, fomation of acetyl coA, electron transport chin reactions

    • C. 

      Glycolysis anaerobic respiration, Krebs cycle, electron transport of chain reactions

    • D. 

      Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, anaerobic respiration, electron transport of chain reactions

    • E. 

      Formation of acetyl coA, glycolysis, electron transport chain reactions

  • 20. 
    Vitamins may do which of the following?
    • A. 

      Serve as coenzymes

    • B. 

      Provide energy

    • C. 

      Serve as building materials within the body

    • D. 

      A and B

    • E. 

      All of the above

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