Oxygen Journey Part 6
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Questions and Answers
- 1.
All of the following parameters are measurements of ventilatory capacity except:
- A.
FVC
- B.
FEV1
- C.
PEF
- D.
Raw
Correct Answer
D. RawExplanation
The question asks for a parameter that is not a measurement of ventilatory capacity. FVC (Forced Vital Capacity), FEV1 (Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second), and PEF (Peak Expiratory Flow) are all measurements of ventilatory capacity as they assess the volume and flow of air during breathing. However, Raw (Airway Resistance) is not a measurement of ventilatory capacity, but rather a measurement of the resistance to airflow in the airways.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Tidal Volume (TV) is defined as:
- A.
The maximal amount of air forcefully inhaled after a normal inhalation
- B.
The volume of air that is inhaled or exhaled with each breath during quiet, relaxed breathing
- C.
The amount of air remaining in the lungs after the deepest exhalation possible
- D.
The amount of water in a wave to hit the beach
Correct Answer
B. The volume of air that is inhaled or exhaled with each breath during quiet, relaxed breathingExplanation
The correct answer is the volume of air that is inhaled or exhaled with each breath during quiet, relaxed breathing. Tidal volume refers to the amount of air that is moved in and out of the lungs during normal breathing at rest. It represents the normal, everyday breathing that occurs without any extra effort or force. This volume of air is important for maintaining adequate oxygen levels in the body and removing carbon dioxide waste.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The maximum volume of gas that a person can inhale and exhale by voluntary effort per minute by breathing as quickly and deeply as possible.
- A.
FEV
- B.
DLCO
- C.
MVV
- D.
SVC
Correct Answer
C. MVVExplanation
MVV stands for Maximum Voluntary Ventilation, which refers to the maximum volume of gas that a person can inhale and exhale per minute by breathing as quickly and deeply as possible. This measurement is used to assess the overall function and capacity of the lungs. FEV (Forced Expiratory Volume) measures the amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled in one second, DLCO (Diffusing Capacity of the Lungs for Carbon Monoxide) measures the ability of the lungs to transfer gases, and SVC (Slow Vital Capacity) measures the maximum volume of air that can be slowly exhaled after a deep inhalation.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Nitrogen is a gaseous element present in our biological systems and constitutes approximately ________% of the atmosphere.
- A.
1%
- B.
0.5%
- C.
78%
- D.
15%
Correct Answer
C. 78%Explanation
Nitrogen is a gaseous element that makes up approximately 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. It is an essential component of biological systems, including proteins and nucleic acids. This high concentration of nitrogen in the atmosphere allows for its availability to living organisms and its incorporation into organic molecules through various biological processes.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Nitrogen washout method has a patient take a deep breath of pure oxygen and then expires through a rapidly recording nitrogen meter. This method is also known as:
- A.
Sim’s Method
- B.
Chu’s Method
- C.
Fowler’s Method
- D.
Higgin’s Method
Correct Answer
C. Fowler’s MethodExplanation
The correct answer is Fowler's Method. This method involves a patient taking a deep breath of pure oxygen and then exhaling through a rapidly recording nitrogen meter. This allows for the measurement of the rate at which nitrogen is being washed out of the lungs, which can provide information about lung function.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Diffusion capacity is the volume of gas that diffuses through the membrane each minute for a pressure difference of 1mm Hg. Direct assessment of O2 diffusion capacity is difficult. What element is measured to calculate O2 diffusion?
- A.
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
- B.
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
- C.
Nitrogen (N2)
- D.
Argon (Ag)
Correct Answer
B. Carbon Monoxide (CO)Explanation
Carbon monoxide (CO) is measured to calculate O2 diffusion. This is because carbon monoxide has similar diffusion characteristics to oxygen and is used as a marker gas to estimate the diffusion capacity of oxygen. By measuring the amount of carbon monoxide that diffuses through the membrane, the diffusion capacity of oxygen can be indirectly estimated.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Alveolar volume can be measured with DLCO testing methods.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
DLCO testing methods, also known as diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide testing, can be used to measure alveolar volume. This test measures the ability of the lungs to transfer gases, including carbon monoxide, from the alveoli to the bloodstream. By measuring the diffusion capacity, it indirectly provides information about the alveolar volume. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 8.
All of the following are methods used to measure lung volume except:
- A.
Equilibration with an inert test gas (Helium Dilution)
- B.
Washout of inert gas (Nitrogen washout method)
- C.
Whole body plethysmography
- D.
Bronchoscopy
Correct Answer
D. BronchoscopyExplanation
Bronchoscopy is not a method used to measure lung volume. It is a procedure in which a thin tube with a light and camera is inserted into the airways to examine the lungs and air passages. It is used to diagnose and treat various lung conditions, but it does not directly measure lung volume. The other methods listed - equilibration with an inert test gas, washout of inert gas, and whole body plethysmography - are all techniques that can be used to measure lung volume.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which of the following testing methods uses Boyles Law (V1 x P1 = V2 x P2) to determine lung volume?
- A.
Single breath nitrogen
- B.
Plethysmography
- C.
Helium Dilution
- D.
Nitrogen Washout
Correct Answer
B. PlethysmographyExplanation
Plethysmography is a testing method that uses Boyle's Law to determine lung volume. Boyle's Law states that the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional when temperature is constant. In plethysmography, the patient sits inside a sealed chamber and breathes through a mouthpiece. Changes in pressure inside the chamber are measured, allowing the calculation of lung volume using Boyle's Law. This method is commonly used to assess lung function and diagnose respiratory conditions.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Airway resistance (______) and airway conductance (______) are performed as part of a plethysmography test.
- A.
SRaw; Raw
- B.
Raw; sGaw
- C.
SGaw; Gaw
- D.
Raw; Gaw
Correct Answer
D. Raw; GawExplanation
In a plethysmography test, airway resistance (Raw) and airway conductance (Gaw) are measured. Raw refers to the resistance to airflow in the airways, while Gaw refers to the ease of airflow through the airways. Therefore, the correct answer is Raw; Gaw.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Maximal Inspiratory Pressure reflects the strength of the abdominal muscles and other expiratory muscles.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Maximal Inspiratory Pressure measures the strength of the inspiratory muscles, not the abdominal muscles and other expiratory muscles. It is a test used to assess respiratory muscle strength and function. The test involves measuring the maximum pressure generated during a forceful inhalation against a closed airway. Therefore, the statement that Maximal Inspiratory Pressure reflects the strength of the abdominal muscles and other expiratory muscles is incorrect.Rate this question:
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- 12.
PFT testing is critical in the diagnosis and management of pulmonary disease. PFT testing is all of the following except:
- A.
Non-invasive
- B.
Cost effective
- C.
Simple
- D.
Invasive
Correct Answer
D. InvasiveExplanation
PFT testing is a critical tool used in the diagnosis and management of pulmonary disease. It helps to assess lung function and identify any abnormalities. PFT testing is non-invasive, meaning it does not require any surgical procedures or the insertion of instruments into the body. It is also cost-effective and simple to perform. However, the correct answer is "invasive," as PFT testing does not involve any invasive procedures.Rate this question:
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