Unit 4 Target 3-6: Cell Transport & Homeostasis Quiz
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Questions and Answers
- 1.
Which of the following does NOT expend energy?
- A.
Active transport
- B.
A sodium-potassium pump
- C.
Diffusion
- D.
Endocytosis
Correct Answer
C. DiffusionExplanation
Diffusion does not expend energy because it is a passive process that occurs naturally due to the random movement of particles. It is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, and it does not require any additional energy input. In contrast, active transport, a sodium-potassium pump, and endocytosis all require the expenditure of energy to transport molecules or particles against their concentration gradient or to engulf substances into the cell.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Which means of particle transport requires input of energy from cell?
- A.
Osmosis
- B.
Diffusion
- C.
Facilitated diffusion
- D.
Active transport
Correct Answer
D. Active transportExplanation
Active transport is the process of moving molecules across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. This requires the input of energy from the cell in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Osmosis, diffusion, and facilitated diffusion do not require energy input from the cell.Rate this question:
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- 3.
By what process does a sodium ion exit a cell through plasma membrane?
- A.
Facilitated diffusion
- B.
Osmosis
- C.
Active transport
- D.
Exocytosis
Correct Answer
C. Active transportExplanation
Active transport is the process by which a sodium ion exits a cell through the plasma membrane. Unlike facilitated diffusion, which relies on a concentration gradient to move molecules across the membrane, active transport requires the use of energy to move substances against their concentration gradient. Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a membrane, not ions. Exocytosis is the process by which substances are released from a cell, not the process by which ions exit the cell. Therefore, the correct answer is active transport.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of facilitated diffusion?
- A.
It involves a change in the shape of its carrier.
- B.
It moves substances against a concentration gradient.
- C.
It requires no energy input.
- D.
It requires a carrier protein.
Correct Answer
B. It moves substances against a concentration gradient.Explanation
Facilitated diffusion is a passive transport process that moves substances across a cell membrane with the help of carrier proteins. It does not require energy input, as it relies on the concentration gradient of the substances. The other characteristics listed are all true for facilitated diffusion. However, moving substances against a concentration gradient is an active transport process called active transport, and not a characteristic of facilitated diffusion.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The sodium-potassium pump usually pumps
- A.
Sodium into the cell.
- B.
Potassium into the cell.
- C.
Potassium out of the cell.
- D.
Both A and C.
Correct Answer
B. Potassium into the cell.Explanation
The sodium-potassium pump is responsible for maintaining the concentration gradients of sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane. It actively transports three sodium ions out of the cell for every two potassium ions it brings into the cell. This process requires energy in the form of ATP. Therefore, the correct answer is that the sodium-potassium pump pumps potassium into the cell.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Sugar molecules can enter cells through the process of
- A.
Ion pumps.
- B.
Facilitated diffusion.
- C.
Osmosis.
- D.
Exocytosis.
Correct Answer
B. Facilitated diffusion.Explanation
Facilitated diffusion is the process by which sugar molecules can enter cells. This process involves the use of transport proteins that help the molecules move across the cell membrane, from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, without the need for energy. Unlike ion pumps, which require energy to transport molecules against their concentration gradient, facilitated diffusion allows for the passive movement of molecules down their concentration gradient. Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a membrane, while exocytosis is the process by which cells release molecules to the outside environment.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Molecules that are too large to be moved through the membrane can be transported into the cell by
- A.
Diffusion.
- B.
Osmosis.
- C.
Exocytosis.
- D.
Lipid carriers.
Correct Answer
C. Exocytosis.Explanation
Exocytosis is the process by which large molecules or particles are transported into the cell. It involves the fusion of vesicles containing the molecules with the cell membrane, releasing the contents into the extracellular space. This mechanism is particularly important for the uptake of large molecules that cannot pass through the membrane by diffusion or osmosis. Lipid carriers are not involved in the transport of large molecules into the cell.Rate this question:
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- 8.
When a cell produces a protein to be used in a different part of the body, through which type of transport does it leave the cell?
- A.
Osmosis
- B.
Facilitated diffusion
- C.
Endocytosis
- D.
Exocytosis
Correct Answer
D. ExocytosisExplanation
Exocytosis is the process by which a cell releases proteins or other molecules into the extracellular space. This involves the fusion of vesicles containing the protein with the cell membrane, allowing the contents to be expelled outside the cell. This is the correct answer because osmosis is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane, facilitated diffusion is the passive transport of molecules across a membrane with the help of transport proteins, and endocytosis is the process by which a cell takes in molecules or particles by engulfing them.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Diffusion takes place
- A.
Only through a lipid bilayer membrane.
- B.
From an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
- C.
Only in liquids.
- D.
From an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
Correct Answer
D. From an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.Explanation
Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. This process occurs in various mediums, including gases, liquids, and solids. However, the statement "only through a lipid bilayer membrane" is incorrect because diffusion can occur through any type of membrane, not just lipid bilayers. Therefore, the correct answer is "from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration."Rate this question:
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- 10.
The diagram shows a cell membrane composed of a phospholipid bilayer with a channel protein. Each x represents the same type of molecule inside or outside the cell. Facilitated diffusion moves these molecules across the cell membrane.In what direction do these molecules move and through which structure?
- A.
Into the cell through the channel protein
- B.
Into the cell through the phospholipid
- C.
Out of the cell through the channel protein
- D.
Out of the cell through the phospholipid bilayer
Correct Answer
A. Into the cell through the channel proteinExplanation
The diagram shows a cell membrane composed of a phospholipid bilayer with a channel protein. Facilitated diffusion is a passive transport process that allows molecules to move across the cell membrane with the help of channel proteins. In this case, the molecules represented by "x" are moving into the cell through the channel protein. This is because the channel protein provides a hydrophilic pathway through the hydrophobic phospholipid bilayer, allowing the molecules to move from an area of higher concentration outside the cell to an area of lower concentration inside the cell.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Refer to the illustration above. The process shown is called
- A.
Osmosis.
- B.
Facilitated diffusion.
- C.
Active transport .
- D.
Diffusion.
Correct Answer
D. Diffusion.Explanation
The process shown in the illustration is diffusion. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, resulting in the equal distribution of molecules. In this process, molecules passively move across a semi-permeable membrane without the need for energy input. Osmosis, facilitated diffusion, and active transport involve specific mechanisms and energy input, which are not depicted in the illustration. Therefore, the correct answer is diffusion.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called
- A.
Osmosis.
- B.
Osmotic pressure.
- C.
Facilitated diffusion.
- D.
Active transport.
Correct Answer
A. Osmosis.Explanation
Osmosis is the correct answer because it refers to the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane. Osmosis occurs when there is a difference in solute concentration on either side of the membrane, causing water to move from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. This process is important for maintaining the balance of water and solutes in cells and is essential for various biological processes. Osmotic pressure, facilitated diffusion, and active transport are all different processes that do not specifically involve the diffusion of water molecules.Rate this question:
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- 13.
As a result of diffusion, the concentration of many types of substances
- A.
Always remains greater inside a membrane.
- B.
Eventually becomes balanced on both sides of a membrane.
- C.
Always remains greater on the outside of a membrane.
- D.
Becomes imbalanced on both sides of a membrane.
Correct Answer
B. Eventually becomes balanced on both sides of a membrane.Explanation
Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. As particles diffuse, they spread out and become evenly distributed. Therefore, over time, the concentration of substances will become balanced on both sides of a membrane.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Solutions that are isotonic:
- A.
Have equal concentrations of solute and water.
- B.
Have equal concentrations of solute but not water.
- C.
Have equal concentrations of water but not solute.
- D.
Will exhibit a net movement of water from one solution to the other.
Correct Answer
A. Have equal concentrations of solute and water.Explanation
Isotonic solutions have equal concentrations of solute and water. This means that the amount of solute dissolved in the solution is balanced with the amount of water present. In an isotonic solution, there is no net movement of water from one solution to the other because the concentrations are already equal.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Placing a plant into a hypertonic environment will
- A.
Cause turgor pressure to increase.
- B.
Cause the plant to take in water.
- C.
Have no effect.
- D.
Cause turgor pressure to decrease.
Correct Answer
D. Cause turgor pressure to decrease.Explanation
Placing a plant into a hypertonic environment means that the concentration of solutes outside the plant cell is higher than inside the cell. This creates a concentration gradient that causes water to move out of the cell through osmosis. As a result, the plant cell loses water and the vacuole, which is responsible for maintaining turgor pressure, shrinks. This leads to a decrease in turgor pressure, causing the plant to wilt.Rate this question:
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- 16.
An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure causes
- A.
Water to move into the cell.
- B.
Water to move out of the cell.
- C.
Solutes to move into the cell.
- D.
Solutes to move out of the cell.
Correct Answer
A. Water to move into the cell.Explanation
When an animal cell is surrounded by fresh water, the concentration of solutes inside the cell is higher than the concentration outside. This creates a concentration gradient, causing water to move from an area of lower solute concentration (outside the cell) to an area of higher solute concentration (inside the cell). This movement of water into the cell is known as osmosis. As water continues to enter the cell, the cell membrane stretches and eventually bursts, leading to cell death. Therefore, the correct answer is "water to move into the cell."Rate this question:
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- 17.
The cytoplasm of red blood cells has a higher concentration of Na+ than does pure water. Suppose a biologist places a red blood cell in pure water. Is there a net flow of water molecules into or out of the red blood cell, and by which process does this net flow of water occur?
- A.
Out of the cell; osmosis
- B.
Into the cell; osmosis
- C.
Out of the cell; active transport
- D.
Into the cell; active transport
Correct Answer
B. Into the cell; osmosisExplanation
When a red blood cell is placed in pure water, the concentration of water molecules outside the cell is higher than inside the cell. According to the principles of osmosis, water molecules will move from an area of higher concentration (outside the cell) to an area of lower concentration (inside the cell) in order to equalize the concentrations. Therefore, there is a net flow of water molecules into the red blood cell, and this net flow occurs through the process of osmosis.Rate this question:
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.png "The diagram shows a cell membrane composed of a phospholipid bilayer with a channel protein. Each x represents the same type of molecule inside or outside the cell. Facilitated diffusion moves these molecules across the cell membrane.In what direction do these molecules move and through which structure?")
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Oct 04, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Sep 29, 2014Quiz Created by
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