Ultimate Obstetrics Nursing Quiz

Contractions that achieve cervical dilatation are the type of contractions that signal true labor. This means that these contractions are responsible for opening the cervix, which is a clear indication that labor has begun. Contractions that are felt abdominally or may be irregular can also occur during labor, but they alone do not necessarily indicate true labor. Similarly, contractions that may disappear with ambulation may be a sign of false labor rather than true labor. Therefore, the most reliable indicator of true labor is the presence of contractions that achieve cervical dilatation.

During labor, rest between contractions is crucial for the client's well-being. Pushing effectively for an hour can be physically exhausting, and resting between contractions allows the client to regain energy and prevent fatigue. It also helps in conserving energy for the next contraction, ensuring that the client can continue pushing effectively. Therefore, the primary physiologic need for the client at this time is to rest between contractions.

The main focus of family-centered nursing care for new mothers and their babies is to help individuals, families, and communities achieve optimal health. This means that the nursing care provided is centered around promoting the health and well-being of both the mother and the baby, as well as supporting the family unit as a whole. This may involve providing education and support on topics such as breastfeeding, newborn care, and postpartum recovery, as well as addressing any physical, emotional, or social needs that may arise during this critical period.

During the menstrual cycle, the hormone responsible for inducing ovum development is the Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH). FSH is produced by the pituitary gland and it stimulates the growth and development of ovarian follicles, which contain the eggs. As the follicles mature, they release estrogen, which further stimulates the uterus lining to thicken in preparation for possible pregnancy. Progesterone, on the other hand, is responsible for maintaining the thickened lining and preparing the uterus for implantation of a fertilized egg. Therefore, the correct answer is Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH).

A positive finding of HOMAN's sign on the second day of postpartum indicates thrombophlebitis. Thrombophlebitis refers to the inflammation of a vein along with the formation of a blood clot. In this case, it suggests that there may be a blood clot in the leg veins, which can be a serious condition requiring medical attention.

A mediolateral episiotomy is a surgical incision made in the perineum (the area between the vagina and anus) during childbirth. It is performed to prevent perineal laceration, which is a tear in the perineum that can occur during delivery. By making a controlled incision, the healthcare provider can prevent unpredictable and potentially more severe tearing, leading to better healing and reduced complications for the mother. Therefore, preventing perineal laceration is the necessary reason for performing a mediolateral episiotomy.

The observation that would suggest that placental separation is occurring is: umbilical cord pulsations stop.

When the umbilical cord pulsations stop, it indicates that the blood flow between the placenta and the baby has ceased, which typically occurs after the placenta has separated from the uterine wall. This is a key sign that placental separation has taken place.

The correct answer is "Due to Doderlein bacillus." The vaginal pH is acidic due to the presence of Doderlein bacillus, also known as Lactobacillus acidophilus. These bacteria produce lactic acid, which helps maintain the acidic pH of the vagina. This acidic environment is important for maintaining the balance of the vaginal microbiota and preventing the overgrowth of harmful bacteria or yeast. Cervical mucus changes can also affect vaginal pH, but it is primarily the Doderlein bacillus that contributes to the acidity.

Homan's sign is a test used to assess for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the lower extremities. It involves dorsiflexing the foot while the knee is extended. If the client experiences pain in the calf or behind the knee during this maneuver, it may indicate the presence of thrombophlebitis. Plantar flexion, on the other hand, involves pointing the toes downward, and is not associated with Homan's sign or thrombophlebitis. Therefore, the correct answer is plantar flexion.

The labia minora are formed during fetal development when the genital tubercle, a precursor to the clitoris, elongates and divides into two separate structures. These structures eventually develop into the labia minora, which are folds of skin located on either side of the vaginal opening. The frenulum, on the other hand, is a small band of tissue that connects the clitoral hood to the clitoral shaft. It is not directly involved in the formation of the labia minora or the clitoris.