Anatomy Exam: Respiratory System

CO₂ is carried in blood in the form of dissolved CO₂ (7%), carbaminohemoglobin (23%), and bicarbonate ions (70%) 

• True

• False

Hemoglobin consists of a protein portion called globin and a pigment called heme.

• True

• False

Two areas of the medulla oblongata are critically important to respiration: the dorsal respiratory group near the root of cranial nerve IX, and the ventral respiratory group extending from the spinal cord to the pons/medulla junction.

• True

• False

The left lung has three lobes separated by two fissures; the right lung has two lobes separated by one fissure and a depression, the cardiac notch 

• True

• False

Pulmonary lung capacities, the sum of two or more volumes, include inspiratory (3600 ml), functional residual (2400 ml), vital (4800 ml), and total lung (6000 ml) capacities

• True

• False

____________ (inhalation) is the process of bringing air into the lungs.

The respiratory system consists of :

• The nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs ​

• The mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs ​

• The nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and the mouth

• The mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, nose and lungs ​

The ___________ system provides for gas exchange and the __________ system transports the respiratory gases.

• Respiratory & cardiovascular

• Cardiovascular & respiratory

• Respiratory & ventricular

• Cardiovascular & ventricular

The most important factors influencing _________ rate and depth are changing levels of CO₂, O₂, and H⁺ in arterial blood.

• Breathing

• Heart

• Blood

• Metabolism

Among the pulmonary air volumes exchanged in ventilation are

• tidal (500 ml),
• inspiratory reserve (3100 ml),
• expiratory reserve (1200 ml),
• residual (1200 ml) 

• True

• False

Who's law states that the quantity of a gas that will dissolve in a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas and its solubility coefficient.

• Henry’s

• Harry's

• Herrington's

• Herbert's

____________ is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere, blood, and cells.

______________ (exhalation) is the movement of air out of the lungs.

The upper respiratory system refers to the nose, pharynx, and associated structures and the lower respiratory system refers to the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.

• True

• False

Who's law states that each gas in a mixture of gases exerts its own pressure as if all the other gases were not present.

• Dalton’s

• Daniel's

• Dumphry's

• Darton's

The _______ volume of respiration is the total volume of air taken in during one minute 

• Minute

• Second

• Millisecond

• Hourly

The parietal ______ is the outer layer which is attached to the wall of the thoracic cavity. The visceral _______ is the inner layer, attached to outer the lungs themselves. (both words are the same word)

In the Trachea the ________ of the epithelium sweep debris away from the lungs and back to the throat to be swallowed.

_________ respiration is the exchange of gases between tissue blood capillaries and tissue cells and results in the conversion of oxygenated blood into deoxygenated blood.

What are the three basic processes of respiration:

• Ventilation (breathing), external (pulmonary) respiration and internal (tissue) respiration.

• Ventilation (breathing), external (pulmonary) respiration and external respiration.

• Ventilation (breathing), external respiration and internal (tissue) respiration.

• Ventilation (breathing) and internal (tissue) respiration.

In each _______ml of oxygenated blood, 1.5% of the O₂ is dissolved in the plasma and 98.5% is carried with hemoglobin (Hb) inside red blood cells as oxyhemoglobin (HbO₂) 

• 100

• 200

• 500

• 150

In internal and external respiration, O₂ and CO₂ diffuse from areas of their lower partial pressures to areas of their higher partial pressures.

• True

• False

Higher ______ centers alter rate and depth of respiration.

• Brain

• Heart

• Lung

• Thought

The cyclic behavior of inspiratory and expiratory neurons produces a breathing rate of how many breaths per minute? (which is called eupnea)

• 12–15

• 10-15

• 11-17

• 12-18

Pulmonary irritant reflexes respond to inhaled irritants in the nasal passages or trachea by causing reflexive _______________ in the respiratory airways

The _________ respiratory group is a rhythm-generating and integration center containing separate groups of neurons, some that fire during inhalation and others that fire during exhalation.