Anatomy Exam: Respiratory System

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  • 1/29 Questions

    The two systems that cooperate to supply O2 and eliminate CO2 are the cardiovascular and the respiratory system.

    • True
    • False
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About This Quiz

This Anatomy Exam focuses on the Respiratory System, exploring key components such as the nose, pharynx, and lungs. It assesses understanding of processes like ventilation and gas exchange, vital for students of biology and health sciences.

Respiratory System Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    CO2 is carried in blood in the form of dissolved CO2 (7%), carbaminohemoglobin (23%), and bicarbonate ions (70%) 

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    CO2 is carried in the blood in three different forms: dissolved CO2, carbaminohemoglobin, and bicarbonate ions. Dissolved CO2 refers to the small amount of carbon dioxide that is physically dissolved in the blood plasma. Carbaminohemoglobin is formed when CO2 binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells. Bicarbonate ions are the main form in which CO2 is transported in the blood, as it is converted into bicarbonate ions in red blood cells and then transported to the lungs to be exhaled. Therefore, the statement that CO2 is carried in the blood in these three forms is true.

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  • 3. 

    Hemoglobin consists of a protein portion called globin and a pigment called heme.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Hemoglobin is a complex molecule found in red blood cells that is responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body. It is composed of two main parts: globin, which is a protein, and heme, which is a pigment. The globin portion provides the structure and stability to the hemoglobin molecule, while the heme portion contains an iron atom that binds to oxygen. Therefore, it is correct to say that hemoglobin consists of a protein portion called globin and a pigment called heme.

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  • 4. 

    Two areas of the medulla oblongata are critically important to respiration: the dorsal respiratory group near the root of cranial nerve IX, and the ventral respiratory group extending from the spinal cord to the pons/medulla junction.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The medulla oblongata is a crucial part of the brainstem that controls many essential functions, including respiration. The statement correctly states that two specific areas within the medulla oblongata, the dorsal respiratory group and the ventral respiratory group, play a critical role in regulating respiration. The dorsal respiratory group is located near the root of cranial nerve IX, while the ventral respiratory group extends from the spinal cord to the pons/medulla junction. Therefore, the statement is true as it accurately describes the importance of these two areas in respiratory control.

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  • 5. 

    The left lung has three lobes separated by two fissures; the right lung has two lobes separated by one fissure and a depression, the cardiac notch 

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The right lung has three lobes separated by two fissures; the left lung has two lobes separated by one fissure and a depression, the cardiac notch

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  • 6. 

    Pulmonary lung capacities, the sum of two or more volumes, include inspiratory (3600 ml), functional residual (2400 ml), vital (4800 ml), and total lung (6000 ml) capacities

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The statement is true because pulmonary lung capacities are indeed the sum of two or more volumes. The inspiratory capacity refers to the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal exhalation, which is 3600 ml. The functional residual capacity is the amount of air remaining in the lungs after a normal exhalation, which is 2400 ml. The vital capacity is the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation, which is 4800 ml. Finally, the total lung capacity is the sum of all the volumes, which is 6000 ml.

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  • 7. 

    ____________ (inhalation) is the process of bringing air into the lungs.

    Correct Answer
    Inspiration
    Explanation
    Inspiration is the correct answer because it refers to the process of bringing air into the lungs through inhalation. During inspiration, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract, causing the chest cavity to expand and creating a pressure gradient that allows air to enter the lungs. This process is essential for oxygenating the blood and removing carbon dioxide from the body.

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  • 8. 

    The respiratory system consists of :

    • The nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs ​

    • The mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs ​

    • The nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and the mouth

    • The mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, nose and lungs ​

    Correct Answer
    A. The nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs ​
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs". This answer accurately lists all the components of the respiratory system, including the organs involved in the process of breathing and oxygen exchange. The nose is the entry point for air, the pharynx and larynx help in the passage of air to the trachea, which then leads to the bronchi and eventually the lungs where oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is expelled.

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  • 9. 

    The ___________ system provides for gas exchange and the __________ system transports the respiratory gases.

    • Respiratory & cardiovascular

    • Cardiovascular & respiratory

    • Respiratory & ventricular

    • Cardiovascular & ventricular

    Correct Answer
    A. Respiratory & cardiovascular
    Explanation
    The respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange, allowing oxygen to enter the body and carbon dioxide to be removed. The cardiovascular system, on the other hand, transports these respiratory gases throughout the body via the bloodstream. Therefore, the correct answer is "respiratory & cardiovascular."

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  • 10. 

    The most important factors influencing _________ rate and depth are changing levels of CO2, O2, and H+ in arterial blood.

    • Breathing

    • Heart

    • Blood

    • Metabolism

    Correct Answer
    A. Breathing
    Explanation
    The correct answer is breathing because the rate and depth of breathing are directly influenced by the levels of CO2, O2, and H+ in arterial blood. When the levels of these gases change, it triggers the respiratory system to adjust the rate and depth of breathing in order to maintain homeostasis and ensure the body receives adequate oxygen and removes excess carbon dioxide. Breathing plays a crucial role in the exchange of gases between the lungs and blood, making it the most important factor in regulating the respiratory system.

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  • 11. 

    Among the pulmonary air volumes exchanged in ventilation are
    • tidal (500 ml),
    • inspiratory reserve (3100 ml),
    • expiratory reserve (1200 ml),
    • residual (1200 ml) 

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The given statement is true. The pulmonary air volumes exchanged in ventilation include tidal volume (500 ml), inspiratory reserve volume (3100 ml), expiratory reserve volume (1200 ml), and residual volume (1200 ml). These volumes represent the amount of air that can be inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing, as well as the amount of air that remains in the lungs after maximal exhalation. Therefore, the statement is correct.

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  • 12. 

    Who's law states that the quantity of a gas that will dissolve in a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas and its solubility coefficient.

    • Henry’s

    • Harry's

    • Herrington's

    • Herbert's

    Correct Answer
    A. Henry’s
    Explanation
    Henry's law states that the quantity of a gas that will dissolve in a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas and its solubility coefficient. This means that as the partial pressure of the gas increases, more of it will dissolve in the liquid. Henry's law is commonly used to explain the behavior of gases in solutions, such as the carbonation of soda or the absorption of oxygen in water.

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  • 13. 

    ____________ is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere, blood, and cells.

    Correct Answer
    Respiration
    Explanation
    Respiration refers to the process of exchanging gases between the atmosphere, blood, and cells. During respiration, oxygen is taken in from the atmosphere and delivered to the cells, while carbon dioxide, a waste product, is removed from the cells and released into the atmosphere. This exchange of gases is essential for the survival of living organisms as it provides oxygen for cellular respiration, which produces energy, and removes carbon dioxide, preventing its accumulation and toxicity.

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  • 14. 

    ______________ (exhalation) is the movement of air out of the lungs.

    Correct Answer
    Expiration
    Explanation
    Expiration refers to the process of air being expelled from the lungs during exhalation. When we breathe out, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, causing the volume of the thoracic cavity to decrease. This decrease in volume increases the pressure in the lungs, forcing air out of the respiratory system. Expiration is a vital part of the breathing process, allowing the body to rid itself of carbon dioxide and maintain proper oxygen levels.

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  • 15. 

    The upper respiratory system refers to the nose, pharynx, and associated structures and the lower respiratory system refers to the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The explanation for the given correct answer is that the upper respiratory system includes the nose, pharynx, and associated structures, while the lower respiratory system includes the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. This statement is true as it accurately describes the divisions of the respiratory system.

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  • 16. 

    Who's law states that each gas in a mixture of gases exerts its own pressure as if all the other gases were not present.

    • Dalton’s

    • Daniel's

    • Dumphry's

    • Darton's

    Correct Answer
    A. Dalton’s
    Explanation
    Dalton's law of partial pressures states that each gas in a mixture exerts its own pressure independently of the other gases present. This means that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas. Dalton's law is based on the assumption that the gases do not interact with each other and occupy the same volume. This law is important in various fields such as chemistry and meteorology, where the behavior of gas mixtures is studied.

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  • 17. 

    The _______ volume of respiration is the total volume of air taken in during one minute 

    • Minute

    • Second

    • Millisecond

    • Hourly

    Correct Answer
    A. Minute
    Explanation
    The minute volume of respiration refers to the total volume of air that is inhaled and exhaled in one minute. It is an important measurement used to assess lung function and respiratory efficiency. By calculating the minute volume, healthcare professionals can determine if a person's respiratory system is functioning properly and if there are any abnormalities or limitations in their breathing.

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  • 18. 

    The parietal ______ is the outer layer which is attached to the wall of the thoracic cavity. The visceral _______ is the inner layer, attached to outer the lungs themselves. (both words are the same word)

    Correct Answer
    pleura
    Explanation
    The parietal pleura is the outer layer of the pleura that is attached to the wall of the thoracic cavity. The visceral pleura is the inner layer of the pleura that is attached to the outer surface of the lungs themselves.

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  • 19. 

    In the Trachea the ________ of the epithelium sweep debris away from the lungs and back to the throat to be swallowed.

    Correct Answer
    cilia
    Explanation
    Cilia are hair-like structures present on the surface of the epithelium in the trachea. These cilia have a coordinated beating motion that helps to move mucus and debris away from the lungs and towards the throat. This movement is known as the mucociliary escalator and plays a crucial role in removing foreign particles, such as dust and bacteria, from the respiratory system. The debris can then be swallowed and expelled from the body through the digestive system.

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  • 20. 

    _________ respiration is the exchange of gases between tissue blood capillaries and tissue cells and results in the conversion of oxygenated blood into deoxygenated blood.

    Correct Answer
    Internal
    Explanation
    Internal respiration is the process by which oxygen from the blood is delivered to the tissues and carbon dioxide, a waste product, is removed from the tissues and transported back to the lungs. This process occurs within the body's cells, specifically in the mitochondria, where oxygen is used to produce energy through cellular respiration. As a result, the oxygenated blood becomes deoxygenated, ready to be transported back to the lungs for reoxygenation.

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  • 21. 

    What are the three basic processes of respiration:

    • Ventilation (breathing), external (pulmonary) respiration and internal (tissue) respiration.

    • Ventilation (breathing), external (pulmonary) respiration and external respiration.

    • Ventilation (breathing), external respiration and internal (tissue) respiration.

    • Ventilation (breathing) and internal (tissue) respiration.

    Correct Answer
    A. Ventilation (breathing), external (pulmonary) respiration and internal (tissue) respiration.
    Explanation
    The three basic processes of respiration are ventilation (breathing), external (pulmonary) respiration, and internal (tissue) respiration. Ventilation refers to the process of inhaling and exhaling air, while external respiration involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the bloodstream. Internal respiration, on the other hand, is the exchange of gases between the bloodstream and the body's tissues.

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  • 22. 

    In each _______ml of oxygenated blood, 1.5% of the O2 is dissolved in the plasma and 98.5% is carried with hemoglobin (Hb) inside red blood cells as oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) 

    • 100

    • 200

    • 500

    • 150

    Correct Answer
    A. 100
    Explanation
    In each 100ml of oxygenated blood, 1.5% of the O2 is dissolved in the plasma and 98.5% is carried with hemoglobin (Hb) inside red blood cells as oxyhemoglobin (HbO2). This means that for every 100ml of oxygenated blood, 1.5ml of oxygen is dissolved in the plasma and the remaining 98.5ml is carried by hemoglobin inside red blood cells.

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  • 23. 

    In internal and external respiration, O2 and CO2 diffuse from areas of their lower partial pressures to areas of their higher partial pressures.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    In internal and external respiration, O2 and CO2 diffuse from areas of their higher partial pressures to areas of their lower partial pressures

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  • 24. 

    Higher ______ centers alter rate and depth of respiration.

    • Brain

    • Heart

    • Lung

    • Thought

    Correct Answer
    A. Brain
    Explanation
    The brain is responsible for controlling the rate and depth of respiration. It sends signals to the respiratory muscles to regulate the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide. The higher centers in the brain, such as the medulla oblongata and the pons, receive input from various sensors in the body and adjust the respiratory rate and depth accordingly. This allows the body to respond to changes in oxygen and carbon dioxide levels, maintaining a balance and ensuring efficient gas exchange in the lungs.

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  • 25. 

    The cyclic behavior of inspiratory and expiratory neurons produces a breathing rate of how many breaths per minute? (which is called eupnea)

    • 12–15

    • 10-15

    • 11-17

    • 12-18

    Correct Answer
    A. 12–15
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 12-15 breaths per minute. The cyclic behavior of inspiratory and expiratory neurons controls the breathing rate, which is also known as eupnea. This range of 12-15 breaths per minute is considered normal for a healthy adult at rest.

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  • 26. 

    Pulmonary irritant reflexes respond to inhaled irritants in the nasal passages or trachea by causing reflexive _______________ in the respiratory airways

    Correct Answer
    bronchoconstriction
    Explanation
    When inhaled irritants enter the nasal passages or trachea, the pulmonary irritant reflexes are triggered. These reflexes cause a reflexive response in the respiratory airways, resulting in bronchoconstriction. Bronchoconstriction refers to the narrowing of the airways in the lungs, which can restrict airflow and make breathing more difficult. This reflexive action is a protective mechanism of the body to prevent further inhalation of irritants and potential damage to the lungs.

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  • 27. 

    The _________ respiratory group is a rhythm-generating and integration center containing separate groups of neurons, some that fire during inhalation and others that fire during exhalation.

    Correct Answer
    ventral
    Explanation
    The ventral respiratory group is a rhythm-generating and integration center in the respiratory system. It consists of separate groups of neurons that are responsible for controlling the breathing process. Some of these neurons fire during inhalation, while others fire during exhalation. The ventral respiratory group plays a crucial role in coordinating the rhythmic activity of the respiratory muscles and ensuring the proper exchange of gases in the lungs.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 21, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Sep 09, 2014
    Quiz Created by
    Thatmelliekid
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