What To Do In These Situations? Nursing Quiz
A nurse is a caregiver for patients and helps to manage physical needs, prevent illness, and treat health conditions. They are responsible for the holistic care of patients, which encompasses the psychosocial, developmental, cultural, and spiritual needs of the individual.
- 1.The nurse is aware that adrenergic drugs produce effects similar to which of these nervous systems?
- A.
Somatic Nervous System
- B.
Central Nervous System
- C.
Parasympathetic Nervous System
- D.
Sympathetic Nervous System
- 2.When an adrenergic drug stimulates beta1-adrenergic receptors, the result is an increased force of contraction, which is known as what type of effect?
- A.
Anti-adrenergic
- B.
Negative Dromotropic
- C.
Positive Inotropic
- D.
Positive Chronotropic
- 3.When a patient is taking an adrenergic drug, the nurse expects to observe which effect?
- A.
Bronchial Constriction
- B.
Increased heart rate
- C.
Constricted Pupils
- D.
Increased intestinal peristalsis
- 4.An adrenergic agonist is ordered for a patient in shock. The nurse will not that this drug has had its primary intended effect if which expected outcome occurs?
- A.
Decreased urine output
- B.
Reduced Anxiety
- C.
Increased blood pressure
- D.
Volume Restoration
- 5.The nurse is administering a stat dose of epinephrine. Epinephrine is appropriate for which situation?
- A.
Cardiac Arrest
- B.
Tachycardia
- C.
Angina
- D.
Severe hypertension
- 6.A 14-year-old has been treated for asthma for almost 4 months. Two weeks ago, she was given salmeterol as part of her medication regimen. However, her mother has called the clinic to report that it does not seem to work when her daughter is having an asthma attack. Which response by the nurse is appropriate?
- A.
“She should take up to two puffs every 4 hours to ensure adequate blood levels.”
- B.
"This medication is indicated for prevention of bronchospasms, not for relief of acute symptoms.”
- C.
“She is too young for this particular medication; it should be changed.”
- D.
“It takes time for a therapeutic response to develop.”
- 7.A hospitalized patient is experiencing a severe anaphylactic reaction to a dose of intravenous penicillin. Which drug will the nurse use to treat this condition?
- A.
Phenylephrine
- B.
Pseudoephedrine
- C.
Epinephrine
- D.
Ephedra
- 8.The nurse recognizes that adrenergic drugs cause relaxation of the bronchi and bronchodilation by stimulating which type of receptors?
- A.
Beta2-adrenergic
- B.
Dopaminergic
- C.
Alpha1-adrenergic
- D.
Beta1-adrenergic
- 9.A patient is receiving a moderate-level dose of dobutamine for shock and is complaining of feeling more “skipping beats” than yesterday. What is the nurse’s next action?
- A.
Monitor for other signs of a therapeutic response to the drug.
- B.
Adjust the rate to a higher dose to reduce the palpitations.
- C.
Assess the patient’s vital signs and cardiac rhythm.
- D.
Discontinue the dobutamine immediately.
- 10.A patient is going home with a new prescription for the beta-blocker atenolol (Tenormin). The nurse will include which content when teaching the patient about this drug?
- A.
Be watchful for first-dose hypotension.
- B.
If adverse effects occur, skip a dose for a “drug holiday.”
- C.
Never stop taking this medication abruptly.
- D.
The medication should be stopped once symptoms subside.
- 11.During initial rounds, the nurse notes that a dobutamine infusion has extravasated into the forearm of a patient. After stopping the infusion, the nurse follows standing orders and immediately injects phentolamine (Regitine) subcutaneously in a circular fashion around the extravasation site. What is the mechanism of action of the phentolamine in this situation?
- A.
It increases peripheral vascular resistance and reduces arterial pressure at the site.
- B.
It causes arterial vasoconstriction and reduced pain and swelling at the site.
- C.
It increases blood flow to the ischemic site by vasodilation to prevent tissue damage.
- D.
It neutralizes the extravasated dobutamine immediately.
- 12.A 58-year-old man has had a myocardial infarction (MI), has begun rehabilitation, and is ready for discharge. He is given a prescription for metoprolol (Lopressor), and he becomes upset after reading the patient education pamphlet. “I don’t have high blood pressure—why did my doctor give me this medicine?” The nurse explains to him that
- A.
Studies have shown that this medication has greatly increased survival rates in patients who have had a heart attack.
- B.
This drug is being prescribed to prevent the high blood pressure that often occurs after a heart attack.
- C.
Beta-blockers will improve blood flow to the kidneys.
- D.
This medication will prevent blood clots that may lead to another heart attack.
- 13.The teaching for a patient who is taking tamsulosin (Flomax) to reduce urinary obstruction due to benign prostatic hyperplasia will include which of these?
- A.
Fluids need to be restricted while on this medication.
- B.
Take the medication with breakfast to promote the maximum effects of the drug.
- C.
Get up slowly from a sitting or lying position.
- D.
Blood pressure must be monitored because the medication may cause hypertension.
- 14.During a teaching session about self-monitoring while taking a beta-blocker at home, the nurse has taught the patient to take his apical pulse daily for 1 minute. If the pulse rate decreases to less than 60 beats per minute, the nurse will instruct the patient to:
- A.
Reduce the dose of his beta-blocker by half.
- B.
Notify the prescriber
- C.
Continue the medication because this is an expected effect.
- D.
skip the medication dose that day, and check his pulse again the next day.
- 15.A 49-year-old patient is in the clinic for a follow-up visit 6 months after starting a beta-blocker for treatment of hypertension. During this visit, his blood pressure is 169/98 mm Hg, and he eventually confesses that he stopped taking this medicine 2 months ago because of an “embarrassing problem.” What problem did the most likely experience with this medication that caused him to stop taking it?
- A.
Urge incontinence
- B.
Dizziness when standing up
- C.
Excessive flatus
- D.
Impotence
- 16.A patient has a new prescription for tamsulosin (Flomax) as treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia. The nurse is checking his current medication list and will contact the prescriber regarding a potential interaction if the patient is also taking which drug?
- A.
Levothyroxine (Synthroid) for hypothyroidism
- B.
Sildenafil (Viagra), an erectile dysfunction medication
- C.
Omeprazole (Prilosec), a proton pump inhibitor
- D.
Low-dose aspirin for stroke prevention
- 17.A patient is taking an alpha blocker as treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia. The nurse will monitor for which potential drug effect?
- A.
Orthostatic Hypotension
- B.
Increased blood pressure
- C.
Decreased urine flow
- D.
Discolored urine
- 18.When monitoring a patient who is taking a cholinergic drug, the nurse will watch for which cardiovascular effect?
- A.
Bradycardia
- B.
Tachycardia
- C.
Vasoconstriction
- D.
Palpitations
- 19.A patient has had an overdose of an intravenous cholinergic drug. The nurse expects to administer which drug as an antidote?
- A.
Atenolol (Tenormin)
- B.
Bethanechol (Urecholine)
- C.
Dobutamine
- D.
atropine sulfate
- 20.A patient who has had abdominal surgery has been discharged on a cholinergic drug to assist in increasing gastrointestinal peristalsis. The nurse will teach this patient to look for which therapeutic effect?
- A.
Decreased pulse rate
- B.
Abdominal cramping
- C.
Passage of flatus
- D.
Decreased urge to void
- 21.A cholinergic drug is prescribed for a patient with a new diagnosis of myasthenia gravis, and the nurse provides instructions to the patient about the medication. What is important include in the teaching?
- A.
Take the medication with meals to avoid gastrointestinal distress
- B.
Give daytime doses close together for maximal therapeutic effect.
- C.
Take the medication 30 minutes before eating to improve swallowing and chewing.
- D.
Take the medication only if difficulty swallowing occurs during a meal.
- 22.The nurse is providing teaching regarding drug therapy to the husband of a woman with Alzheimer’s disease. She was diagnosed 3 months ago, has mild memory loss, and will be receiving donepezil (Aricept). What is the drug’s expected action?
- A.
May help to improve the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease
- B.
Prevent memory loss in later stages
- C.
Reverses the course of Alzheimer’s disease
- D.
Provides sedation to prevent agitation and restlessness
- 23.A patient has been taking donepezil (Aricept) for 2 weeks as part of the treatment for early stages of Alzheimer’s disease. Her daughter calls the prescriber’s office and is upset because “Mother has not improved one bit!” Which response by the nurse is appropriate?
- A.
“Increase the dosage to twice daily.”
- B.
“It takes time for the cure to take effect.”
- C.
“It may take up to 6 weeks to see an improvement.”
- D.
“Take the medication on an empty stomach for improved absorption.”
- 24.A patient who has been diagnosed with Sjögren’s syndrome will be given cevimeline (Evoxac) for the treatment of xerostomia. The nurse will monitor for what therapeutic effect?
- A.
Reduction of salivation
- B.
Stimulation of salivation
- C.
Reduction of gastrointestinal peristalsis
- D.
Improvement of fine-motor control
- 25.The nurse is reviewing the mechanism of action of cholinergic drugs. The undesired effects of cholinergic drugs come from the stimulation of which receptors?
- A.
Nicotinic
- B.
Cholinergic
- C.
Muscarinic
- D.
Ganglionic
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