PTA Law Exam Practice

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1. When the physical therapist or physical therapist assistant writes a progress note, he or she may use a SOAP note.   What does the "A" stand for?

Explanation

The "A" in SOAP note stands for Assessment. In a progress note, the physical therapist or physical therapist assistant will assess the patient's condition and progress. This may include evaluating the effectiveness of previous treatments, analyzing test results, and making judgments about the patient's current status and future course of action.

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About This Quiz
Physical Therapy Quizzes & Trivia

The 'PTA Law Exam Practice' quiz assesses knowledge of legal and ethical considerations in physical therapy. It covers topics like patient rights, ADA compliance, and professional conduct, ensuring... see moretherapists are well-versed in legal responsibilities and patient care ethics. see less

2. A physical therapist assistant modifies an existing plan of care after receiving verbal approval from the supervising physical therapist.  The most formal  mechanism to acknowledge the therapist's approval is to:

Explanation

The most formal mechanism to acknowledge the therapist's approval is to document the supervising physical therapist's approval in the medical record. This ensures that there is a clear record of the therapist's approval and can be used as evidence if needed. Notifying the director of rehabilitation, sending a letter to the referring physician, or contacting the patient's third party payer may also be necessary in certain situations, but they are not the most formal way to acknowledge the therapist's approval.

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3. A physical therapist assistant completes daily documentation to the medical record.  Which of the following documentation activities would be inappropriate for a physical therapist assistant?

Explanation

A physical therapist assistant is responsible for assisting the physical therapist in providing treatment and services to patients. They may document the patient's reaction to treatment, their compliance with the treatment plan, and the specific treatments or services provided. However, a discharge summary is typically completed by the physical therapist or another healthcare professional who has overseen the patient's entire course of treatment. It provides a comprehensive summary of the patient's condition, progress, and recommendations for further care after they are discharged from the therapy program. Therefore, it would be inappropriate for a physical therapist assistant to complete a discharge summary.

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4. The role of the physical therapist assistant may vary from clinic to clinic.  Which of the following duties generally should not be performed by the assistant?

Explanation

The physical therapist assistant's role may vary in different clinics, but generally, they should not perform initial evaluations. Initial evaluations are typically conducted by the physical therapist to assess the patient's condition and develop a treatment plan. The assistant's duties usually involve assisting the therapist in implementing the treatment plan, which may include tasks like crutch ambulation, applying hot and ice packs, and performing ultrasound treatments. However, the responsibility of conducting initial evaluations is usually reserved for the physical therapist.

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5. You are treating a 63-year-old male for back pain who is referred to an orthopedic surgeon 60 miles out of town.  The orthopedic surgeon owns his private clinic and tells the patient he must have physical therapy at his clinic.  The patient approaches you because driving 20 minutes, or more, increases pain.  What should you tell the patient?  

Explanation

The correct answer is to tell the patient that he has the right to attend the clinic of his choice and if he has any concerns, he should talk to his family physician who originally referred him for physical therapy. This answer is appropriate because it respects the patient's autonomy and right to make decisions about his own healthcare. It also acknowledges the importance of discussing any concerns with the referring physician, who is familiar with the patient's medical history and can provide guidance and support.

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6. A physical therapist assistant is working without a physical therapist in the clinic for 3 days.  The assistant can do all the following EXCEPT:

Explanation

The physical therapist assistant is able to supervise rehabilitation exercises, provide gait training, and write progress notes. However, modifying the treatment plan is typically the responsibility of the physical therapist, who has the expertise and knowledge to make appropriate adjustments based on the patient's progress and needs.

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7. The same patient is very concerned about the cancer spreading.  You read in her chart that the physician was not able to remove all of the cancer, it has spread.  On the next treatment session she asks you if the surgery was successful.  Since the physician is unaccessible, what do you tell her?

Explanation

The correct answer is to tell the patient that you are not able to provide that information and that she will have to discuss it with her surgeon. This is the most appropriate response because as a healthcare professional, you should not provide medical information or make assumptions about the success of a surgery without consulting the surgeon. It is important for the patient to have accurate and reliable information from the person who performed the surgery.

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8. You are a physical therapist assistant in a large clinic and are working in the gym area.  You observe a patient who, 10 weeks following anterior cruciate ligament surgery, is performing his exercises without any effort.  You should:

Explanation

In this scenario, the correct answer is to consult the supervising physical therapist and give recommended treatment changes. As a physical therapist assistant, it is important to communicate any observations or concerns about a patient's progress to the supervising physical therapist. By consulting the supervising physical therapist and providing recommended treatment changes, the patient's program can be adjusted to ensure appropriate progression and maximize their recovery. This approach ensures that the patient receives the necessary attention and expertise from the physical therapy team.

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9. SOAP is an acronym that refers to:

Explanation

SOAP is an acronym commonly used in the medical field to refer to a method of organizing and documenting patient information. It stands for Subjective, Objective, Assessment, and Plan. Each letter represents a different section of a patient's medical record. The subjective section includes the patient's reported symptoms and medical history, the objective section includes the results of physical examinations and diagnostic tests, the assessment section includes the healthcare provider's diagnosis and evaluation of the patient's condition, and the plan section includes the recommended treatment and follow-up care. Therefore, SOAP is directly related to medical records.

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10. A physical therapist assistant is growing more and more disenchanted with her current job because she is responsible for an unfair proportion of the current patient load.  An appropriate response to this situation would be:

Explanation

The best course of action in this situation would be to communicate directly with the supervising therapist and relay your concerns. By addressing the issue with the person in charge, you can express your dissatisfaction and discuss possible solutions or adjustments to the patient load. This approach allows for open and honest communication, which can lead to a resolution and potential improvement in the situation. Confronting other staff members or refraining from addressing the issue may not effectively address the problem or lead to a positive outcome.

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11. Patient documentation is important and necessary for:

Explanation

Patient documentation is important and necessary for various reasons. Firstly, it facilitates effective communication with other staff members, ensuring that everyone involved in the patient's care is informed and updated. Secondly, it holds legal implications as it serves as a legal record of the patient's condition, treatment, and progress, which can be used for legal purposes if needed. Additionally, patient documentation is crucial for quality assurance, as it allows healthcare providers to review and assess the quality of care provided. Finally, patient documentation is valuable for research purposes, as it provides data and insights that can contribute to medical research and advancements. Therefore, all of the above reasons highlight the importance and necessity of patient documentation.

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12. When the physical therapist or physical therapist assistant writes a progress note, he or she may use a SOAP note.  What does the "A" stand for?

Explanation

The "A" in SOAP note stands for Assessment. This refers to the therapist's evaluation and analysis of the patient's progress, including any changes in their condition, functional abilities, and treatment outcomes. It involves interpreting the data collected during the session and making clinical judgments about the patient's response to therapy. The assessment helps guide further treatment planning and decision-making.

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13. A physical therapist assistant is employed in a large rehabilitation center that has recently seen a significant increase in patient census.  The increase has placed a considerable strain on the physical therapy department and unskilled volunteer's often-complete tasks, which were previously performed by physical therapists and physical therapist assistants.   The therapist is very concerned by this pattern, but does not know where to turn.  Which of the following steps would be the most appropriate to bring this to the department's attention?

Explanation

The most appropriate step to bring the concern to the department's attention would be to discuss the patient care concerns with the immediate supervisor and suggest possible staffing alternatives. This step allows the therapist to communicate their concerns directly to someone who has the authority to address the issue and make necessary changes. By suggesting possible staffing alternatives, the therapist can contribute to finding a solution that will alleviate the strain on the department and ensure that tasks are being performed by qualified professionals.

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14. What does the acronym "POMR" stand for?

Explanation

The acronym "POMR" stands for Problem-oriented medical record. This type of medical record is organized around a patient's specific problems or issues, rather than being organized by medical specialty or chronologically. It allows healthcare providers to focus on the patient's current problems, make assessments, and develop treatment plans. This approach helps to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of healthcare delivery by promoting a systematic and comprehensive approach to patient care.

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15. A therapist provides an in-service to the rehabilitation department on the Americans with Disabilities Act. Which of the following individuals would not be covered under the Act?

Explanation

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) prohibits discrimination based on disability, but it does not specifically include sexual orientation as a protected category. Therefore, a 36-year-old homosexual individual would not be covered under the Act. The Act primarily focuses on providing equal opportunities and protections for individuals with physical or mental disabilities.

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16. Which of the following would not be found in the objective section of a SOAP note?

Explanation

Long-term goals would not be found in the objective section of a SOAP note because the objective section focuses on objective and measurable information such as vital signs and range of motion measurements. Long-term goals are typically included in the assessment or plan section of the SOAP note, where the healthcare provider outlines the long-term treatment goals and plans for the patient.

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17. SOAP progress notes are:

Explanation

SOAP progress notes are a common form of note writing in healthcare. They are structured and organized, allowing healthcare professionals to document the patient's problems, assessment, plan, and progress. Problem solving is an important aspect of SOAP progress notes as it helps healthcare professionals analyze and address the patient's issues effectively. These notes are not unstructured or too long, and they are a common and widely used form of documentation in healthcare settings.

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18. An effective manager should adhere to all of the following guidelines except:

Explanation

An effective manager should adhere to all of the following guidelines except delegating undesirable tasks to subordinates. This is because an effective manager should not pass on tasks that they themselves find undesirable or unpleasant to their subordinates. Instead, they should lead by example and be willing to take on any task that needs to be done, regardless of its desirability. This helps to build trust and respect among team members and promotes a positive work culture.

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19. A physical therapist working on a team with a physical therapist assistant would be incorrect in asking an assistant to perform which of the following tasks?

Explanation

A physical therapist working on a team with a physical therapist assistant would be incorrect in asking an assistant to modify treatment plan or goals. This is because modifying treatment plans and goals requires advanced knowledge and expertise that only a licensed physical therapist possesses. The assistant's role is to assist the physical therapist in implementing the treatment plan, not to make changes to it.

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20. A physical therapist assistant provides patient coverage for a physical therapist on vacation.  The physical therapist assistant should be allowed to perform all of the following except:

Explanation

A physical therapist assistant is responsible for providing patient coverage for a physical therapist on vacation. They are trained and qualified to perform various tasks, including supervising exercise activities, conducting gait training activities, and writing daily progress notes. However, modifying the plan of care is typically the responsibility of the physical therapist, as they have the expertise and knowledge to make appropriate adjustments based on the patient's condition and progress. Therefore, the physical therapist assistant should not be allowed to modify the plan of care.

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21. In a SOAP note the "S" stands for subjective data.  Which of the following is classified as subjective information?

Explanation

Subjective information refers to information that is based on personal opinions, feelings, and experiences rather than on objective facts. In a SOAP note, the "S" stands for subjective data, which includes information provided by the patient or their family. Therefore, the patient's family history is classified as subjective information as it is based on their personal account and is subject to their interpretation and recall.

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22. You are on rounds in the psychiatric ward as a physical therapy assistant intern.  You are given the following information on a patient:  he is pessimistic, irritable, lacks self-confidence, and has a gloomy outlook on life.  What could be the most likely diagnosis, or problem, this patient is experiencing?

Explanation

Based on the given information, the patient's symptoms of being pessimistic, irritable, lacking self-confidence, and having a gloomy outlook on life are consistent with depression. Depression is a mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a loss of interest in activities. These symptoms align with the patient's overall negative and pessimistic outlook. Hysteria, psychopath, and schizophrenia do not specifically match the symptoms described, making depression the most likely diagnosis.

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23. A therapist is employed at a physician owned physical therapy clinic that charges for treatment by the modality.  One of the physicians who is an owner of the practice requests that all of his patients receive a minimum of heat, ultrasound, and electrical stimulation during each treatment session.  The therapist feels that the modalities are of little clinical benefit with many of the patients.  The most immediate response would be to:

Explanation

The therapist should discuss the situation with the supervising physical therapist because they are facing a conflict between the physician's request and their professional judgment. By discussing the situation with the supervising physical therapist, the therapist can seek guidance and advice on how to handle the situation professionally and ethically. This approach allows for open communication and collaboration within the clinic to address the issue effectively. Reporting the physician's conduct to the American Medical Association or accusing the physician of abusing the healthcare system may not be the most immediate or appropriate response in this situation.

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24. The role of the physical therapist assistant varies widely depending on individual department policy.  Which of the following duties is generally not performed by the physical therapist assistant?

Explanation

The physical therapist assistant's role involves assisting the physical therapist in various tasks, such as adjusting ambulation equipment, applying heat and cold modalities, and providing wound care. However, documentation including initial examinations and discharge summaries is generally not performed by the physical therapist assistant. This duty is typically handled by the physical therapist, as it requires a higher level of expertise and responsibility.

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25. A physical therapy assistant is employed in an understaffed outpatient physical therapy clinic.  The director of rehabilitation asks the therapist to complete an initial examination on a patient who needs to be seen immediately.  The most appropriate response to the director's request would be to:

Explanation

The most appropriate response to the director's request would be to explain that physical therapist assistants are not permitted to perform initial examinations. This is because physical therapist assistants are not qualified to make initial assessments and diagnoses, as this falls under the scope of practice of a physical therapist. It is important to adhere to professional regulations and ensure that patients receive the appropriate level of care from qualified professionals.

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26. A physical therapist assistant consistently falls behind with his documentation due to an excessive patient load.  The assistant has addressed this issue on numerous occasions with the supervising physical therapist without any success.  The most appropriate action is:

Explanation

The correct answer is to discuss the situation with the director of rehabilitation. This is the most appropriate action because the assistant has already tried addressing the issue with the supervising physical therapist without success. By discussing the situation with the director of rehabilitation, the assistant can escalate the issue and seek a resolution to the problem of falling behind with documentation. This may lead to finding a solution that can help manage the excessive patient load and improve the assistant's ability to complete documentation in a timely fashion.

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27. A therapist notices a student using improper guarding technique on a patient that appears to be unstable.  The most immediate therapist action should be:

Explanation

The therapist should offer suggestions to improve the student's technique because it is their responsibility to ensure the safety and well-being of the patient. By providing guidance and feedback, the therapist can help the student correct their improper guarding technique and prevent any potential harm to the patient. Discussing the situation with the student's clinical instructor or leaving an anonymous note may not address the issue immediately, and ignoring the situation would be neglecting their duty as a therapist.

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28. S.O.A.P. notes are a common form of documentation in a variety of health care settings. Which of the following would not be found in the objective section of a S.O.A.P. note?

Explanation

In a S.O.A.P. note, the objective section typically includes measurable and observable information about the patient's condition. This may include vital sign measurements, measurement of pertinent changes in mental status, and description of present treatment. Short and long term goals, on the other hand, are usually documented in the assessment or plan sections of the note, as they are subjective and future-oriented rather than objective observations.

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29. 14. A therapist treating a patient overhears two of his colleagues discussing another patient's case in the charting area. The therapist is concerned that his patient may overhear the same conversation. The most appropriate action is to:

Explanation

The most appropriate action in this situation is to inform the therapists that their conversation may be audible to patients. This approach addresses the therapist's concern about the patient potentially overhearing the conversation without causing conflict or confrontation. By bringing this to the attention of the therapists, they can be made aware of the situation and take steps to ensure patient confidentiality and privacy. Discussing the situation with the director of rehabilitation or confronting the therapist directly may not be necessary or effective in resolving the issue.

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30. Which of the following are causes of liability in the Physical Therapy Dept. for which the physical therapist assistant is responsible?

Explanation

The physical therapist assistant is responsible for liability in the Physical Therapy Dept. for several reasons. Faulty equipment can lead to accidents and injuries, making the assistant liable. Water on the floors in the hydro area can cause slips and falls, for which the assistant can be held responsible. Failure to give appropriate instructions can result in incorrect exercises or treatments, leading to potential harm and liability. Lastly, failure to communicate with the physical therapist can lead to misunderstandings or mistakes in patient care, making the assistant liable. Therefore, all of the mentioned factors can cause liability for the physical therapist assistant.

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31. A patient placed on a hot pack is burned.  Who is responsible for the burn?

Explanation

The PT aide and the therapist supervising the aide are responsible for the burn because it is their duty to ensure the safety and well-being of the patient. The therapist should have properly trained and supervised the aide to prevent any harm to the patient. Therefore, both the PT aide and the therapist share responsibility for the burn.

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32. 6. An employee with a disclosed disability informs her employer that she is unable to perform an essential function of her job unless her workstation is modified. Which of the following would provide the employer with a legitimate reason for not granting the employee's request?

Explanation

The employer would have a legitimate reason for not granting the employee's request if the accommodation would fundamentally alter the operation of the business. This means that making the requested modification to the employee's workstation would result in significant changes to the way the business operates, potentially affecting other employees or the overall efficiency of the company. In such cases, the employer may argue that the accommodation is not reasonable or feasible.

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33. A group of health care professionals participate in a family conference for a patient with a spinal cord injury. During the conference one of the participants summarizes the patient's progress with bathing and dressing activities. This type of information is typically conveyed by a/an:

Explanation

During a family conference for a patient with a spinal cord injury, the participant who summarizes the patient's progress with bathing and dressing activities is typically an occupational therapist. Occupational therapists specialize in helping patients regain their independence in daily activities such as bathing and dressing. They assess the patient's abilities and provide interventions to improve their functional skills and promote independence in self-care tasks. Therefore, it is the role of an occupational therapist to convey this type of information during a family conference.

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34. You have just taken goniometry measurements on a patient.  In which part of a SOAP note would you record these measurements?

Explanation

In a SOAP note, the objective section is where you would record goniometry measurements. This section focuses on the objective findings of the patient's assessment, including measurable data such as vital signs, physical examination findings, and test results. Goniometry measurements fall under the physical examination findings category as they involve measuring the range of motion of joints. Therefore, recording these measurements in the objective section is appropriate.

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35. In a problem-oriented medical record, a physical therapist assistant writes "patient states that his left knee pops when he stands up."  In which section would this be recorded?

Explanation

In a problem-oriented medical record, the subjective section is where the patient's complaints, symptoms, and personal statements are recorded. Therefore, when the physical therapist assistant writes "patient states that his left knee pops when he stands up," it would be recorded in the subjective section. This section focuses on the patient's perspective and subjective experiences, providing valuable information for further assessment and treatment planning.

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36. In a SOAP note, short-term goals are listed:

Explanation

Short-term goals are listed before long-term goals in a SOAP note. This is because short-term goals are specific and achievable objectives that need to be accomplished in a shorter period of time, while long-term goals are broader objectives that may take a longer time to achieve. By listing short-term goals before long-term goals, healthcare professionals can prioritize and focus on the immediate objectives that need to be addressed in the patient's care plan.

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37. 3. A physician refers a patient rehabilitating from an intertrochanteric fracture to physical therapy. On the referral form the physician specifies the use of continuous ultrasound at 2.4 W/cm2 over the fracture site. The most appropriate therapist action is to:

Explanation

The most appropriate therapist action is to contact the referring physician. This is because the physician specified the use of continuous ultrasound at 2.4 W/cm2 over the fracture site, which is considered a high intensity and potentially harmful dose. It is important for the therapist to clarify and confirm the intended treatment plan with the physician to ensure the safety and well-being of the patient.

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38. A therapist should record observed information on range of motion and functional ability in the ________ section of a S.O.A.O. note?

Explanation

In a S.O.A.P. note, the objective section is where the therapist should record observed information on range of motion and functional ability. The objective section focuses on measurable and observable data, such as the therapist's observations and measurements during the session. This information helps to provide an accurate and objective assessment of the client's progress and functional abilities.

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39. A male therapist prepares to treat a female patient using a soft tissue massage technique. The therapist would like to ensure that the patient does not misinterpret the purpose of the treatment technique. The most appropriate action is to:

Explanation

To ensure that the patient does not misinterpret the purpose of the treatment technique, the therapist should request a female staff member to be present during treatment. This action helps to create a safe and comfortable environment for the patient, as having another female present can help alleviate any concerns or misunderstandings about the therapist's intentions. It also promotes professionalism and ethical practice by ensuring that appropriate boundaries are maintained during the treatment process.

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40. Suicide may include all of the following except?

Explanation

The given options describe different aspects of suicide. The first option states that suicide may occur as a result of a feeling of hopelessness, which is a common contributing factor. The second option mentions that the patient experiences a sense of rejection, which can also be a factor leading to suicide. The third option states that suicide is common in adolescents, which is a demographic that is indeed at a higher risk. However, the fourth option states that suicide may not be prevented, which is incorrect. Suicide prevention strategies and interventions exist to help individuals in crisis and reduce the risk of suicide.

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41. The five stages of death and dying described by Kubler-Ross includes all of the following except?

Explanation

The correct answer is "All are included." This means that all of the stages of death and dying described by Kubler-Ross are included in the five stages, which are denial, anger, depression, and acceptance.

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42. In a problem-oriented medical record, a physical therapist assistant notes that the "patient complained of pain in back when sitting."  In which section of the SOAP note should this information be placed?

Explanation

The information about the patient complaining of pain in the back when sitting should be placed in the Subjective section of the SOAP note. This section is used to document the patient's subjective experiences, symptoms, and complaints, as reported by the patient or caregiver. It provides important context for the healthcare provider to understand the patient's condition and guide further assessment and treatment.

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43. 5. A therapist treats a 26-year-old male with complete C6 tetraplegia. During treatment the patient makes a culturally insensitive remark that the therapist feels is offensive. The most appropriate therapist action is to:

Explanation

The most appropriate therapist action is to inform the patient that the remark was offensive and continue with treatment. This allows the therapist to address the issue directly with the patient and educate them about the impact of their remark. It also provides an opportunity for the therapist to establish boundaries and promote cultural sensitivity in the therapeutic relationship. Discharging the patient or transferring them to another therapist's schedule may not address the underlying issue and may hinder the patient's progress in therapy. Documenting the incident in the medical record is important for documentation purposes, but it should not be the only action taken.

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44. Health maintenance organizations may limit physical therapy coverage based on:

Explanation

Health maintenance organizations may limit physical therapy coverage based on the number of visits per member. This means that they may have a set limit on the number of times a member can receive physical therapy within a certain time period. This restriction helps to control costs and ensure that resources are allocated efficiently. By setting a limit on the number of visits per member, the health maintenance organization can manage their budget and ensure that all members have access to necessary medical services.

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45. Therapists often have extremely busy schedules and must therefore make the most of the scheduled time they have with each patient.  Which of the following would not improve the patient/therapist relationship?

Explanation

Calling attention to how busy the therapist is, even if they also mention that they enjoy the time spent with the patient, would not improve the patient/therapist relationship. This may make the patient feel like they are a burden or that their time with the therapist is not valued. It is important for therapists to create a safe and supportive environment for their patients, and focusing on their own busyness may hinder this.

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46. A patient in a rehabilitation hospital confides to her therapist that she has been physically abused by her husband in the past and is concerned about returning home following discharge. The most appropriate therapist action is to:

Explanation

In this scenario, the patient confides in the therapist about being physically abused by her husband. The therapist's primary responsibility is to ensure the safety and well-being of the patient. By calling adult protective services, the therapist can involve the appropriate authorities who are trained to handle cases of abuse and protect the patient from further harm. Contacting the patient's case manager may not provide immediate intervention, and asking the patient to leave her husband may not be safe or feasible without proper support. Contacting the patient's spouse may potentially put the patient at risk. Therefore, calling adult protective services is the most appropriate action to ensure the patient's safety.

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47. A therapist instructs a patient that appears to be disinterested in a home exercise program.  Which therapist action would be the most appropriate?

Explanation

The most appropriate therapist action would be to explain to the patient the importance of the home exercise program. By doing so, the therapist can help the patient understand the benefits of the program and motivate them to participate. This approach allows the patient to make an informed decision and potentially increase their engagement in the home exercise program.

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48. A therapist treats a 15-year-old female of Spanish descent.  The patient speaks only a few works of English and has significant difficulty understanding the therapist's instructions.  The most appropriate therapist reaction is to:

Explanation

Given that the patient speaks only a few words of English and has significant difficulty understanding the therapist's instructions, the most appropriate therapist reaction would be to utilize an interpreter. This would ensure effective communication between the therapist and the patient, allowing for accurate understanding of instructions and providing the necessary treatment.

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49. There are many guidelines that are useful for clinicians attempting to avoid unnecessary litigation. Which of the following would be considered the most essential?

Explanation

Maintaining accurate and timely documentation is considered the most essential guideline for clinicians attempting to avoid unnecessary litigation. This is because proper documentation provides a clear record of the patient's condition, treatment, and progress, which can be crucial in case of any legal disputes. It helps in demonstrating that the clinician followed standard protocols, provided appropriate care, and communicated effectively with the patient and other healthcare providers. Accurate and timely documentation also ensures continuity of care and facilitates effective communication among the healthcare team.

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50. A therapist attempts to assess the Babinski reflex.  To effectively elicit this reflex, the therapist should:

Explanation

To effectively elicit the Babinski reflex, the therapist should stroke the lateral aspect of the sole of the foot. The Babinski reflex is a neurological reflex that is normally present in infants and disappears as they grow older. It is characterized by the extension of the big toe and fanning of the other toes when the sole of the foot is stroked. By specifically stroking the lateral aspect of the sole of the foot, the therapist is stimulating the sensory receptors in that area, which triggers the reflex.

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51. The physical therapist assistant should record his or her professional judgment in which section of a SOAP note?

Explanation

In a SOAP note, the assessment section is where the physical therapist assistant should record their professional judgment. This section is used to document the therapist's evaluation and interpretation of the subjective and objective information gathered during the patient's session. It includes the therapist's analysis of the patient's condition, progress, and any changes in their treatment plan. The assessment section helps to provide a comprehensive overview of the patient's status and guides the therapist in determining the next steps in their treatment.

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52. 4. As part of a total quality management program, a physical therapy department decides to collect patient satisfaction data. The most appropriate initial action is to:

Explanation

The most appropriate initial action for a physical therapy department as part of a total quality management program is to design a patient satisfaction survey. This is because collecting patient satisfaction data is the first step in understanding the level of satisfaction among patients. Designing a survey will allow the department to gather specific information about patients' experiences and identify areas for improvement. Once the survey is designed and data is collected, appropriate statistical techniques can be used to analyze the data and make informed decisions about modifying patient care standards if necessary.

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53. A patient nears discharge from a rehabilitation hospital after completing three months of therapy. The patient has made significant progress in his rehabilitation, however expresses concern that his previous employer may not want him to return to work due to his injury. The most appropriate action is to:

Explanation

The most appropriate action is to inform the patient of his rights according to the Americans with Disabilities Act. This is the best course of action because the patient's concerns about returning to work after his injury are valid and need to be addressed. The Americans with Disabilities Act provides protections and accommodations for individuals with disabilities, including those who have experienced a serious injury. By informing the patient of his rights, he can be empowered to advocate for himself and ensure that his employer follows the appropriate guidelines for accommodating his needs.

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54.  A physical therapist and a physical therapist assistant are employed in a skilled nursing facility.  Which of the following activities would be appropriate for the physical therapist assistant?

Explanation

The physical therapist assistant would be appropriate for fitting an assistive device because this task falls within their scope of practice and does not require the higher level of expertise and training that a physical therapist would have. The development of a plan of care, reexamination of a patient, and establishment of a discharge plan would typically be responsibilities of the physical therapist.

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55. A patient ambulating with crutches trips over an object on the floor and falls to the round.  The patient appears to be uninjured, however complains of diffuse pain in the involved knee.  The most formal mechanism to document the patient's fall is to:

Explanation

The most formal mechanism to document the patient's fall is to complete an incident report. This is because an incident report is a formal document that provides a detailed account of the incident, including the date, time, location, and description of what happened. It is important to document the incident in order to ensure that proper follow-up and investigation can take place, and to protect both the patient and the healthcare facility legally. Sending a memo to the director or rehabilitation, writing a letter to the patient's insurance company, or dictating a letter to the referring physician may not provide the same level of detail and formal documentation as an incident report.

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56. As a physical therapist assistant, you are writing a progress note.  Your patient tells you that he has sharp pain at the L4-5 area radiating down the left leg.  In a SOAP note this information would be placed in which section?

Explanation

In a SOAP note, the subjective section is where the patient's subjective information is recorded. This includes the patient's symptoms, feelings, and any information they provide about their condition. In this case, the patient mentioning sharp pain at the L4-5 area radiating down the left leg is subjective information as it is based on the patient's perception and description of their pain. Therefore, this information would be placed in the subjective section of the SOAP note.

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57. The system of medical records developed by Lawrence Weed is called:

Explanation

The system of medical records developed by Lawrence Weed is called POMR, which stands for Problem-Oriented Medical Record. This system organizes medical records based on the patient's problems or diagnoses, rather than the traditional chronological order. It includes four components: database, problem list, plan, and progress notes. The POMR system allows healthcare professionals to focus on specific issues, improves communication among the healthcare team, and enhances patient care.

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58. A physical therapist assistant observes a student constantly talking with patients about issues unrelated to their rehabilitation programs.  The therapist is concerned that the talk is often disruptive to patients and may inhibit their ability to complete an exercise regiment.  The most appropriate action is to:

Explanation

The most appropriate action in this situation is to speak directly to the student's clinical instructor. By doing so, the therapist can address their concerns and provide feedback on the student's behavior. This allows the clinical instructor to take appropriate action, such as providing guidance or reevaluating the student's placement. It is important to address the issue rather than ignoring it, as it may have a negative impact on the patients' rehabilitation programs. Leaving an anonymous message or reprimanding the student directly may not be as effective or professional in handling the situation.

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59. Health maintenance organizations are a growing and popular insurance provider.  They are most likely to limit physical therapy coverage based on which factor?  

Explanation

Health maintenance organizations (HMOs) are insurance providers that aim to control healthcare costs by managing and coordinating care for their members. They often have specific guidelines and limitations on coverage to ensure cost-effectiveness. In the context of physical therapy, HMOs are likely to limit coverage based on the number of visits. This means that they may only cover a certain number of physical therapy sessions, after which the individual may be responsible for the cost. By limiting the number of visits, HMOs can control expenses and ensure that resources are allocated efficiently.

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60. A patient who expresses suicidal thoughts during physical therapy should be?

Explanation

When a patient expresses suicidal thoughts during physical therapy, it is important to take their feelings seriously and provide them with appropriate support. Telling the patient not to talk about their feelings would be dismissive and could potentially worsen their mental state. Referring the patient to counseling services is crucial as they can provide professional help and guidance. Additionally, encouraging the patient to express their feelings can create a safe space for them to discuss their emotions and potentially alleviate some of their distress. Therefore, options B and C are the correct choices in this situation.

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61. Psychology of a patient can play an important part in his/her physical therapy.  Physical therapist assistants may treat patients who are in the psychiatric ward of the hospital for a wide range of musculoskeletal conditions.  The chart provides the following information: patient may exhibit psychotic behavior, suspicious resentful and rigid.  What does this description most likely describe?

Explanation

The given description of a patient exhibiting psychotic behavior, suspiciousness, resentment, and rigidity is most likely describing paranoia. Paranoia is a psychological condition characterized by irrational suspicions and mistrust of others. This aligns with the symptoms mentioned in the description. Hypochondriacs are individuals who have excessive worry about having a serious illness, hysteria refers to exaggerated or uncontrollable emotions and behavior, and depression is a mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest. None of these conditions are specifically indicated in the given description.

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62. Which of the following would not be found in the objective section of a SOAP form?

Explanation

Long-term goals would not be found in the objective section of a SOAP form because the objective section is meant to provide measurable and observable information about the patient's current condition. Long-term goals are typically included in the assessment or plan section of the SOAP form, where the healthcare provider outlines the goals and strategies for the patient's treatment and progress.

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63. A therapist is treating a patient status post left knee replacement with goals of general conditioning and independence for household mobility. Which component of the patient's treatment program would be the most appropriate to delegate to a physical therapy aide?

Explanation

The most appropriate component to delegate to a physical therapy aide would be ambulation with a walker for endurance. This task can be safely performed by a physical therapy aide under the supervision of a therapist. It does not require specialized knowledge or skills and can be easily taught to the aide. Stair training and progressive gait training with a straight cane are more complex tasks that require the expertise of a therapist. Patient education regarding the surgical procedure also requires the knowledge and expertise of a therapist.

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64. Therapists are often faced with ethical issues in their daily clinical practice.  Which of the following would be the most appropriate initial step when faced with an ethical dilemma?

Explanation

When faced with an ethical dilemma, gathering relevant information would be the most appropriate initial step for therapists. This is because having all the necessary information about the situation will help them make a well-informed decision. By gathering relevant information, therapists can understand the context, identify the stakeholders involved, and consider any ethical guidelines or principles that may apply. This step allows therapists to have a comprehensive understanding of the situation before proceeding with determining an action plan or seeking external support.

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65. Policies are used to carry out effective and efficient management.  Which statement describing policies is not accurate?

Explanation

This statement is not accurate because policies should not be established on an oral basis and subjected to individual interpretation. Policies should be clearly written and communicated to ensure consistency and understanding among employees. Oral policies can lead to misunderstandings and inconsistencies in implementation.

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66. An audit attempts to determine the quality of patient care through a review of patient records.  All of the following are recommended to ensure that the results of an audit are accurate except:

Explanation

The given answer is the correct one because it states that an audit should not exceed a sample size of 15 to 20 charts. This is incorrect because a larger sample size provides a more representative and accurate picture of the quality of patient care. Therefore, it is recommended to include a larger number of patient records in the audit to ensure reliable results.

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67. Recognized through odd and bizarre behaviors, very suspicious of others, best describes a patient who is?

Explanation

A patient who is recognized through odd and bizarre behaviors and is very suspicious of others is best described as schizophrenic. Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal social behavior, disorganized speech and thinking, and delusions or hallucinations. Patients with schizophrenia often exhibit strange and unusual behaviors and may have difficulty distinguishing between what is real and what is not. They may also have paranoid thoughts and be highly suspicious of others. Therefore, the given answer, "Schizophrenic," is the most appropriate description for the patient in question.

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68. A physical therapist assistant observes a patient exercising.  It becomes obvious that the patient is not challenged by the exercise routine and is receiving little benefit from physical therapy.  The most appropriate action for the physical therapist assistant would be to:

Explanation

The physical therapist assistant should consult with the supervising physical therapist and suggest treatment alternatives because they have observed that the patient is not being challenged by the current exercise routine and is not benefiting from physical therapy. By consulting with the supervising physical therapist, they can discuss the patient's progress and make necessary modifications to the treatment plan to ensure that the patient receives the appropriate level of challenge and benefit from physical therapy.

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69. A risk management committee identifies several examples of physical therapy malpractice.  Which of the following would not be considered a potentially negligent act?

Explanation

The failure to achieve an established long-term goal would not be considered a potentially negligent act because it does not involve any harm or injury to a patient. Negligence in physical therapy malpractice typically refers to actions or omissions that cause harm or injury to a patient. In this case, the other options - failure to follow a physician's order, application of faulty equipment, and sexual misconduct - all have the potential to cause harm or injury to a patient and would be considered potentially negligent acts.

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70. A therapist employed in an outpatient physical therapy clinic treats a patient diagnosed with thoracic outlet syndrome.  During the treatment session the patient confides to the therapist that he has recently tested HIV positive.  Which of the following situations would represent an unacceptable breach of patient confidentiality?

Explanation

Disclosing confidential information to a health care professional not involved in a patient's care would represent an unacceptable breach of patient confidentiality. This is because patient confidentiality should only be breached when it is necessary to protect the patient's health or safety, or the health or safety of others directly involved in the patient's care. Disclosing confidential information to a health care professional not involved in the patient's care does not meet these criteria and would be a violation of the patient's privacy rights.

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71. A short-term goal for a patient status post CVA is to perform a stand pivot transfer from a bed to a wheelchair.  The goal should be recorded in the _____ section of a S.O.A.P. note?

Explanation

In a S.O.A.P. note, the "plan" section is where the goals and interventions for the patient are recorded. This section outlines the specific actions that will be taken to help the patient achieve their desired outcomes. In this case, the goal of performing a stand pivot transfer from a bed to a wheelchair is a short-term goal for the patient, and therefore it should be recorded in the "plan" section of the S.O.A.P. note.

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72. Affective disorders include?

Explanation

Affective disorders encompass a range of mental health conditions characterized by disturbances in mood and emotions. Psychoses, anxiety disorders, and delusions are all examples of affective disorders. Psychoses refer to severe mental disorders characterized by a loss of contact with reality, while anxiety disorders involve excessive and persistent worry or fear. Delusions are false beliefs that are held despite evidence to the contrary. Therefore, all of the given options (psychoses, anxiety disorders, and delusions) are included in the category of affective disorders.

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73. Patients may qualify for Medicaid depending on:

Explanation

Medicaid eligibility is determined based on various factors, including the patient's income. Medicaid is a government-funded healthcare program that provides coverage for low-income individuals and families. To qualify for Medicaid, individuals must meet certain income requirements set by the state. The amount of Social Security they receive and whether they have other insurance coverage may be relevant factors in determining their income, but ultimately it is their income level that determines their eligibility for Medicaid.

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74. In what section of a S.O.A.P. note would the following entry belong?  Patient is not functional in activities of daily living due to lower extremity muscle weakness.  Wife is unable to care for spouse at present level of functioning.  

Explanation

The given entry describes the current assessment of the patient's functional abilities and the caregiver's ability to provide care. It provides information about the patient's lower extremity muscle weakness and the impact it has on their activities of daily living. This information is important for evaluating the patient's overall condition and determining the appropriate plan of action for their care. Therefore, this entry belongs in the assessment section of the S.O.A.P. note.

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75. A physical therapist is employed by a home health agency and as a result routinely conducts patient visits without direct on-site supervision from a physical therapist.  Which guideline is most appropriate when determining the frequency of supervisory visits?

Explanation

The most appropriate guideline for determining the frequency of supervisory visits is to base it on the patient's need. Since the physical therapist is conducting patient visits without direct on-site supervision, it is important to ensure that the patient's needs are being met and that the therapist is providing appropriate care. By scheduling supervisory visits in accordance with patient need, the therapist can ensure that they are providing the necessary support and guidance to the patient and making any necessary adjustments to the treatment plan.

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76. The problem-oriented medical record (POMR) is also called the:

Explanation

The correct answer is SOAP system because the problem-oriented medical record (POMR) is a systematic approach to medical documentation that focuses on the patient's problems or issues. SOAP stands for Subjective, Objective, Assessment, and Plan, which are the four components of the POMR. This system allows healthcare professionals to organize and communicate patient information effectively, ensuring a comprehensive and structured approach to patient care.

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77. The medical assistance program for needy people is called:

Explanation

Medicaid is the correct answer because it is a government-funded medical assistance program that provides healthcare coverage to low-income individuals and families who cannot afford healthcare services. It is specifically designed to help the needy and is administered by states, following certain federal guidelines. Medicare, on the other hand, is a federal health insurance program primarily for individuals aged 65 and older, while AETNA is a private health insurance company, and workers' compensation is a form of insurance that provides medical benefits to employees injured on the job.

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78. A complete medical history should be conducted on all patients prior to initiating treatment. Questions asked during the patient history should not lead the patient. Which of the following questions would not be considered leading?

Explanation

The question "Does this alter your pain in any way?" would not be considered leading because it does not suggest or imply a specific answer. It allows the patient to provide their own response without any influence or bias from the questioner. The other questions, on the other hand, contain specific suggestions or assumptions about the patient's pain, potentially leading them to answer in a certain way.

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79. A physical therapist assistant would be incorrect if he or she placed which of the following information in the assessment section of a SOAP note?

Explanation

The assessment section of a SOAP note is used to document the therapist's professional judgment and evaluation of the patient's condition. It typically includes information such as the patient's progress, any changes in their condition, and the therapist's analysis of the data. The statement "Left quadriceps strength is within normal limits" does not provide any assessment or analysis of the patient's condition. It simply states a normal finding without any interpretation or evaluation.

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80. An over concern with physical health?

Explanation

The term "hypochondriac" refers to a person who is excessively worried about their physical health and often believes they have serious illnesses, despite having no medical evidence to support these beliefs. This excessive concern with physical health is a characteristic of hypochondria, also known as illness anxiety disorder. People with this condition often experience extreme anxiety and distress related to their health, constantly seeking reassurance and medical attention. Therefore, the term "hypochondriac" is the most appropriate answer for someone who has an over concern with physical health.

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81. A patient eight weeks status post right total hip replacement loses his balance and falls to the ground.  The patient is visibly shaken by the fall, but insists that he is uninjured.  The therapist examines the right hip and although active motion elicits pain, all other findings are inconclusive.  The therapist should:

Explanation

The therapist should notify the supervising therapist because the patient experienced a fall after a total hip replacement, which could indicate a potential complication or issue with the surgery. Although the patient insists they are uninjured, the therapist should not dismiss the incident and should inform the supervising therapist to ensure appropriate action is taken to assess and address any potential problems.

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82. The medical assistance program for elderly people is called:

Explanation

Medicare is the correct answer because it is a federal health insurance program in the United States that primarily provides coverage for people aged 65 and older. It also covers certain younger individuals with disabilities and people with end-stage renal disease. Medicare helps elderly people access medical services and helps to cover the costs of hospital stays, doctor visits, prescription drugs, and other healthcare needs. Medicaid, AETNA, and workers' compensation are not specifically designed for elderly individuals and do not provide the same level of comprehensive coverage as Medicare.

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83. Health care facilities utilize a variety of employees including physical therapists, physical  therapist assistants, and physical therapy aides.  Which activity would be inappropriate for a physical therapy aide?

Explanation

A physical therapy aide would not be responsible for making daily entries in the patient's medical record. This task is typically performed by a medical secretary or a healthcare professional with specific training in medical record keeping. The role of a physical therapy aide is to assist patients in preparation for treatment, assist patients with exercise activities, and perform treatment procedures as directed by the physical therapist or physical therapist assistant.

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84. In a malpractice suit, which of the following is considered not performing ordinary standard of care?

Explanation

Breach of duty is considered not performing the ordinary standard of care in a malpractice suit. This means that the person or professional being accused of malpractice has failed to meet the expected level of care that is required in their field. It implies that they have breached their duty to provide appropriate care or treatment to their patient or client, which has resulted in harm or injury. Causation refers to the link between the breach of duty and the resulting injury, while duty of care is the legal obligation to provide a certain standard of care. Injury is the actual harm or damage suffered by the plaintiff.

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85. You answer the phone in a physical therapy clinic, and an attorney asks for medical information on an individual whom she says is receiving physical therapy for a fractured patella.  You should:

Explanation

The correct answer is to instruct the attorney to get the appropriate forms signed and send the patient's records to the appropriate person. This is because sharing medical information without proper authorization violates patient confidentiality laws. By asking the attorney to complete the necessary forms and sending the records to the appropriate person, the clinic ensures that the patient's privacy is protected and that the information is shared only with authorized individuals.

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86. Progress notes allow members of all health services to know what the patient is accomplishing in each given area.  Which statement regarding physical therapy progress notes is not accurate?

Explanation

The statement that progress notes should be written by physical therapists and not by other providers such as physical therapist assistants is not accurate. In reality, progress notes can be written by any qualified healthcare professional involved in the patient's care, including physical therapist assistants. This allows for collaboration and ensures that all members of the healthcare team have access to the patient's progress and can provide appropriate care.

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87. A 32-year-old male of Portuguese descent is referred to physical therapy for instruction in a home exercise program. The physician referral indicates the patient is approved for one visit. What is the likelihood the patient will comprehend the home exercise program in the allotted time?

Explanation

The given information does not provide any details about the patient's language proficiency or ability to understand instructions. Without this information, the therapist cannot predict whether the patient will be able to comprehend the home exercise program in the allotted time.

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88. According to the Standards of Practice for Physical Therapy as published by the American Physical Therapy Association, who is responsible for a physical therapist assistant's professional development and continued competence in physical therapy?

Explanation

The individual physical therapist assistant is responsible for their own professional development and continued competence in physical therapy according to the Standards of Practice for Physical Therapy published by the American Physical Therapy Association. This means that it is the responsibility of the physical therapist assistant themselves to actively seek out opportunities for professional growth, continuing education, and staying up-to-date with the latest advancements in the field. They are expected to take ownership of their own professional development and ensure that they are maintaining the necessary skills and knowledge to provide quality care to their patients.

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89. A therapist completes a family training session with a patient rehabilitating from a spinal cord injury. During the training the family asks a question regarding the functional ability of the patient following rehabilitation. The most appropriate therapist response is to:

Explanation



Spinal cord injuries can vary significantly in terms of their severity and impact on functional abilities. Each patient's rehabilitation progress is unique, making it challenging to provide a definitive prognosis. By explaining that predicting the outcome is difficult because every patient's progress is different, the therapist provides a realistic and honest response while acknowledging the uncertainty inherent in the rehabilitation process. This approach helps manage the family's expectations without making assumptions or overstepping the therapist's role.
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90. In the SOAP format, the physical therapist assistant would place the short-term goals for a patient in which section?

Explanation

In the SOAP format, the physical therapist assistant would place the short-term goals for a patient in the "Plan" section. This section outlines the specific actions and interventions that will be taken to address the patient's condition. It includes the goals that the therapist assistant aims to achieve during the treatment process. By placing the short-term goals in the "Plan" section, the therapist assistant can clearly communicate the intended outcomes and track the progress of the patient's treatment.

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91. An attorney contacts you by phone and requests specific information on a patient he claims to represent. Questions asked include the extent of the patient's disability and her willingness to return to work. The most appropriate response would be to:

Explanation

Referring the attorney to the supervising physical therapist is the most appropriate response because as a therapist, it is important to maintain patient confidentiality and not disclose any information without proper authorization. The supervising physical therapist is responsible for handling such requests and ensuring that patient privacy is protected.

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92. Which of the following would not be recorded in the assessment section of a SOAP note?

Explanation

In a SOAP note, the assessment section typically includes information about the patient's current condition, diagnosis, and progress towards treatment goals. Short-term goals and long-term goals are both important aspects of the treatment plan and would usually be recorded in the assessment section. Patient complaints are also typically recorded in this section as they provide important information about the patient's symptoms and concerns. Therefore, the correct answer is "One and four" because short-term goals and long-term goals would not be recorded in the assessment section.

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93. Quality assurance is set up to:

Explanation

Quality assurance is a process that aims to ensure that the highest standards of care are provided to patients. It involves setting minimal standards of care, identifying and correcting any deficiencies or errors, and ultimately assuring the best possible care to the patient. Therefore, the correct answer is "All of the above" as all the options mentioned are part of the quality assurance process.

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94. A manager is responsible for motivating staff members to take on the organization's goals as their own.  Useful guidelines for a successful manager include all of the following except:

Explanation

A successful manager should focus on maintaining morale among staff members, but the emphasis should not solely be on productivity and revenue generated. While productivity and revenue are important, it is equally important to consider other factors such as employee satisfaction, work-life balance, and personal growth. A manager should strive to create a positive work environment where employees feel motivated and engaged, which in turn can lead to increased productivity and revenue.

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95. What do the letters "DRG" stand for?  

Explanation

The letters "DRG" stand for Diagnostic-related groups. This term refers to a system of classifying patients into groups based on similar diagnoses and treatments. DRGs are used in healthcare settings to determine reimbursement rates for hospitals and to analyze and compare healthcare utilization and outcomes.

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96. The parents of a patient with a C4 spinal cord injury request projected outcome information on their 18-year-old son.  The most appropriate health care professional to answer the parents' question is the:

Explanation

The most appropriate healthcare professional to answer the parents' question is the physiatrist. A physiatrist specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation, which includes the treatment and management of spinal cord injuries. They have the expertise and knowledge to provide accurate and comprehensive information regarding the projected outcome of the patient's condition. They can assess the patient's medical history, current condition, and potential for recovery to give the parents a realistic understanding of what to expect in terms of their son's prognosis.

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97. Which of the following is an example of government health insurance?

Explanation

Medicare and Medicaid are both examples of government health insurance. Medicare is a federal program that provides health insurance for individuals aged 65 and older, as well as certain younger individuals with disabilities. Medicaid, on the other hand, is a joint federal and state program that provides health insurance for low-income individuals and families. Therefore, option "One and three" is the correct answer as both Medicare and Medicaid are government health insurance programs.

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98. A patient being treated in an outpatient physical therapy clinic explains that he has felt nauseous since having his methotrexate medication level altered. The most appropriate therapist action is to:

Explanation

The most appropriate therapist action is to request that the patient contact the physician's office to discuss the situation. This is because the patient is experiencing nausea after altering the medication level, which may be a side effect or a sign of a potential issue. It is important for the patient to communicate this with their physician, who can evaluate the situation and make any necessary adjustments to the medication or provide further guidance.

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99. It is important for physical therapists to be familiar with the educational background, standards of practice, and current issues affecting physical therapist assistants.  Which of the following is not accurate?

Explanation

The statement that physical therapist assistants are regulated in all 50 states is not accurate. While physical therapist assistants are regulated in most states, the specific regulations and requirements may vary from state to state. It is important for physical therapists to be familiar with these regulations in order to ensure compliance with the law and provide quality care.

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100. A physical therapy department develops guidelines for clinical use of electrical stimulators.  Which of the following would not be an appropriate guideline?

Explanation

The other guidelines mentioned in the options are all appropriate for the clinical use of electrical stimulators. However, modifying other parameters of stimulation after increasing stimulation amplitude can lead to potential risks and complications. It is generally recommended to adjust the parameters before increasing the stimulation amplitude to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the treatment.

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101. The practice of physical therapy in a given state is often defined according to the state physical therapy practice act.  Which source of law is responsible for formalizing a practice act?

Explanation

Statutory law is responsible for formalizing a practice act in the field of physical therapy. Statutory law refers to laws that are enacted by a legislative body, such as a state legislature. In this case, the state legislature would pass a law known as the practice act, which outlines the rules and regulations for the practice of physical therapy in that state. This act would then become the legal framework that governs the practice of physical therapy and defines the scope of practice for physical therapists in that particular state.

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102. The order in which progress notes, x-ray films, and laboratory work are added to the patient's record is:

Explanation

The correct answer is chronological because it is the most logical and efficient way to organize and track the patient's progress and medical history. By adding progress notes, x-ray films, and laboratory work in chronological order, healthcare professionals can easily follow the timeline of the patient's treatment and monitor any changes or improvements over time. This also ensures that all relevant information is easily accessible and helps in making informed decisions about the patient's care.

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103. Health maintenance organizations have been more successful than the majority of private health insurance companies in controlling escalating medical costs.  The primary method used by health maintenance organizations to contain medical costs is:

Explanation

Health maintenance organizations (HMOs) have been more successful in controlling escalating medical costs compared to private health insurance companies. The primary method used by HMOs to achieve this is by having the providers of care share in some of the financial risk. This means that healthcare providers are incentivized to provide cost-effective and efficient care, as they bear a portion of the financial responsibility. By doing so, HMOs encourage the providers to make decisions that are in the best interest of both the patient and the organization, leading to better cost control and overall management of healthcare expenses.

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104. A therapist working on an oncology unit notices that a patient has been extremely depressed since beginning radiation treatment.  When treating the patient, the therapist should:

Explanation

The therapist should accept the patient's present mood because depression is a common emotional response to receiving radiation treatment for cancer. It is important for the therapist to acknowledge and validate the patient's feelings without trying to change or fix them. By accepting the patient's mood, the therapist can create a supportive and empathetic environment, which can help the patient cope with their emotions more effectively.

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105. A therapist would be incorrect in placing which of the following entries in the assessment section of a S.O.A.P. note?

Explanation

The therapist would be incorrect in placing "Right lower extremity muscle strength is within normal limits" in the assessment section of a S.O.A.P. note because the assessment section typically includes objective information and measurable data about the patient's condition. The statement about muscle strength being within normal limits does not provide any specific information or data to support the assessment.

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106. You are working at a hospital, which has not approved the SOAP note format, but instead uses the problem-oriented medical record format.  What are the four major components of the POMR format?

Explanation

The four major components of the problem-oriented medical record (POMR) format are subjective, objective, assessment, and plan. The subjective component includes information provided by the patient, such as their symptoms and medical history. The objective component includes measurable data, such as physical examinations and laboratory test results. The assessment component involves the healthcare provider's evaluation and diagnosis based on the subjective and objective information. The plan component outlines the proposed treatment plan and interventions for the patient. This format allows for a systematic approach to documenting and managing patient care.

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107. A health care provider negotiates with an insurance company to provide health care services.  As part of the agreement, the insurance company agrees to pay the health care provider a predetermined amount for each member in the plan on an annual basis.  This type of  arrangement is best termed:

Explanation

In this scenario, the health care provider and insurance company have agreed on a predetermined amount of payment for each member in the plan on an annual basis. This type of arrangement is known as capitation. Capitation involves the provider receiving a fixed amount of money per patient, regardless of the actual services provided. It incentivizes the provider to deliver cost-effective care and manage the health of the population efficiently.

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108. A physical therapy department attempts to establish a quality assurance program.  The first step in developing the program should be to:

Explanation

The first step in developing a quality assurance program for a physical therapy department should be to identify important aspects of patient care provided by the department. This step is crucial as it helps the department understand the key areas that need to be monitored and improved upon. By identifying these important aspects, the department can then proceed to collect and analyze data for each established indicator, identify quality indicators for monitoring patient care, and determine the necessary actions based on a specified percentage of occurrences. However, without first identifying the important aspects of patient care, the subsequent steps would be ineffective.

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109. A manic-depressive is most likely to be suicidal when?

Explanation

A manic-depressive is most likely to be suicidal in the depressive phase because this phase is characterized by feelings of extreme sadness, hopelessness, and despair, which can lead to suicidal thoughts and behaviors. During this phase, individuals may have low energy levels, a lack of interest in activities they once enjoyed, and difficulty in sleeping or concentrating. These symptoms can contribute to feelings of worthlessness and a sense that life is not worth living, increasing the risk of suicidal ideation. It is important to closely monitor and provide support to individuals in the depressive phase to prevent self-harm or suicide attempts.

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110. Health maintenance organizations differ from typical fee for service insurance providers in a variety of ways.  Which of the following does not accurately describe health maintenance organizations?

Explanation

Health maintenance organizations (HMOs) differ from typical fee for service insurance providers in several ways. HMOs limit their members to receiving services from specific providers, whereas fee for service insurance providers do not have such restrictions. Additionally, HMOs often make payments to providers on a capitated or prospective basis, meaning that providers receive a fixed amount per patient regardless of the services provided. HMOs are also responsible for ensuring the provision and accessibility of care. However, the statement that HMOs provide services for a monthly fee, which varies based on the amount of services utilized by each member, is not accurate. HMOs typically charge a fixed monthly fee, regardless of the amount of services utilized.

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111. Which of the following is not a pain medication?

Explanation

Valium is not a pain medication because it belongs to a class of drugs called benzodiazepines, which are primarily used to treat anxiety and sleep disorders. While it may have some muscle-relaxing properties, it is not commonly prescribed for pain relief. Darvon, Codeine, and Aspirin, on the other hand, are all commonly used as pain medications.

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112. Which type of health insurance allows patients free choice of health care providers and utilizes deductibles and co-payments?

Explanation

Fee for service plans allow patients free choice of health care providers and utilize deductibles and co-payments. In fee for service plans, patients have the flexibility to choose any health care provider they prefer, without being restricted to a network. They are required to pay a deductible amount before the insurance coverage kicks in, and also have to make co-payments for certain services. This type of health insurance plan provides more freedom and flexibility in choosing providers, but may also result in higher out-of-pocket costs for the patient.

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113. In a SOAP note the goals should be placed in which section?

Explanation

In a SOAP note, the goals should be placed in the Assessment section. This section is where the healthcare provider evaluates the patient's condition based on the subjective and objective information gathered. It is important to include the goals in this section as it helps to assess the progress made towards achieving those goals. The Plan of Care section is where the healthcare provider outlines the steps and interventions to be taken to reach those goals.

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114. HMO stands for:

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

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In a problem-oriented medical record, a physical therapist assistant...
In a SOAP note, short-term goals are listed:
3. A physician refers a patient rehabilitating from an...
A therapist should record observed information on range of motion and...
A male therapist prepares to treat a female patient using a soft...
Suicide may include all of the following except?
The five stages of death and dying described by Kubler-Ross includes...
In a problem-oriented medical record, a physical therapist assistant...
5. A therapist treats a 26-year-old male with complete C6 tetraplegia....
Health maintenance organizations may limit physical therapy coverage...
Therapists often have extremely busy schedules and must therefore make...
A patient in a rehabilitation hospital confides to her therapist that...
A therapist instructs a patient that appears to be disinterested in a...
A therapist treats a 15-year-old female of Spanish descent.  The...
There are many guidelines that are useful for clinicians attempting to...
A therapist attempts to assess the Babinski reflex.  To...
The physical therapist assistant should record his or her professional...
4. As part of a total quality management program, a physical therapy...
A patient nears discharge from a rehabilitation hospital after...
 A physical therapist and a physical therapist assistant are...
A patient ambulating with crutches trips over an object on the floor...
As a physical therapist assistant, you are writing a progress...
The system of medical records developed by Lawrence Weed is called:
A physical therapist assistant observes a student constantly talking...
Health maintenance organizations are a growing and popular insurance...
A patient who expresses suicidal thoughts during physical therapy...
Psychology of a patient can play an important part in his/her physical...
Which of the following would not be found in the objective section of...
A therapist is treating a patient status post left knee replacement...
Therapists are often faced with ethical issues in their daily clinical...
Policies are used to carry out effective and efficient...
An audit attempts to determine the quality of patient care through a...
Recognized through odd and bizarre behaviors, very suspicious of...
A physical therapist assistant observes a patient exercising.  It...
A risk management committee identifies several examples of physical...
A therapist employed in an outpatient physical therapy clinic treats a...
A short-term goal for a patient status post CVA is to perform a stand...
Affective disorders include?
Patients may qualify for Medicaid depending on:
In what section of a S.O.A.P. note would the following entry...
A physical therapist is employed by a home health agency and as a...
The problem-oriented medical record (POMR) is also called the:
The medical assistance program for needy people is called:
A complete medical history should be conducted on all patients prior...
A physical therapist assistant would be incorrect if he or she placed...
An over concern with physical health?
A patient eight weeks status post right total hip replacement loses...
The medical assistance program for elderly people is called:
Health care facilities utilize a variety of employees including...
In a malpractice suit, which of the following is considered not...
You answer the phone in a physical therapy clinic, and an attorney...
Progress notes allow members of all health services to know what the...
A 32-year-old male of Portuguese descent is referred to physical...
According to the Standards of Practice for Physical Therapy as...
A therapist completes a family training session with a patient...
In the SOAP format, the physical therapist assistant would place the...
An attorney contacts you by phone and requests specific information on...
Which of the following would not be recorded in the assessment section...
Quality assurance is set up to:
A manager is responsible for motivating staff members to take on the...
What do the letters "DRG" stand for?  
The parents of a patient with a C4 spinal cord injury request...
Which of the following is an example of government health insurance?
A patient being treated in an outpatient physical therapy clinic...
It is important for physical therapists to be familiar with the...
A physical therapy department develops guidelines for clinical use of...
The practice of physical therapy in a given state is often defined...
The order in which progress notes, x-ray films, and laboratory work...
Health maintenance organizations have been more successful than the...
A therapist working on an oncology unit notices that a patient has...
A therapist would be incorrect in placing which of the following...
You are working at a hospital, which has not approved the SOAP note...
A health care provider negotiates with an insurance company to provide...
A physical therapy department attempts to establish a quality...
A manic-depressive is most likely to be suicidal when?
Health maintenance organizations differ from typical fee for service...
Which of the following is not a pain medication?
Which type of health insurance allows patients free choice of health...
In a SOAP note the goals should be placed in which section?
HMO stands for:
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