PTA Exam-1

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  • 1/99 Questions

    A physical therapist assistant is growing more and more disenchanted with her current job because she is responsible for an unfair proportion of the current patient load. An appropriate response to this situation would be:

    • Explain your present situation to the board of directors
    • Confront other staff members and inform them that you are being treated unfairly
    • Communicate directly with the supervising physical therapist and relay your concerns
    • Refrain from addressing the topic since you will be labeled a troublemaker
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About This Quiz

This quiz titled 'PTA Exam-1' tests knowledge on physical therapy practices, patient interaction, and treatment protocols. It is designed for students or professionals in physical therapy.

PTA Exam-1 - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    A patient ambulating with crutches trips over an object on the floor and falls to the ground. The patient appears to be uninjured, however complains of diffuse pain in the involved knee. The most formal mechanism to document the patients fall is to:

    • Send a memo to the director of rehabilitation

    • Write a letter to the patients insurance company

    • Complete an incident report

    • Dictate a letter to the referring physician

    Correct Answer
    A. Complete an incident report
    Explanation
    The most formal mechanism to document the patient's fall is to complete an incident report. This report is a formal document that records the details of the incident, including the patient's fall, any injuries or complaints of pain, and the circumstances surrounding the event. It serves as an official record for the healthcare facility and can be used for future reference, investigation, or legal purposes if necessary. Sending a memo to the director of rehabilitation or writing a letter to the patient's insurance company may not provide a comprehensive and formal documentation of the incident. Dictating a letter to the referring physician may not be appropriate as it is not specifically designed for incident reporting.

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  • 3. 

    A physical therapist assistant prepares to instruct a patient in a three-point gait pattern using axillary crutches. The most appropriate initial step to facilitate patient learning is to:

    • Distinguish a three-point gait pattern from other gait patterns

    • Demonstrate a three-point gait pattern

    • Provide the patient with direct feedback on his/her performance

    • Provide a written handout which illustrates the use of a three-point gait pattern

    Correct Answer
    A. Demonstrate a three-point gait pattern
    Explanation
    The most appropriate initial step to facilitate patient learning is to demonstrate a three-point gait pattern. This allows the patient to visually see the correct technique and understand how it should be performed. By demonstrating the gait pattern, the physical therapist assistant can also address any questions or concerns the patient may have, ensuring that they have a clear understanding before attempting the technique themselves. This hands-on approach is an effective way to engage the patient and promote learning.

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  • 4. 

    A physical therapist assistant provides an in-service to the rehabilitation department on the Americans with Disabilities Act. Which of the following individuals would not be covered under the act?

    • A 28-year-old with a documented learning disability

    • A 46-year-old with severe mental retardation

    • A 14-year-old that is blind

    • A 36-year-old homosexual

    Correct Answer
    A. A 36-year-old homosexual
    Explanation
    The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in various areas of public life. However, the act does not specifically cover sexual orientation as a protected category. While the act protects individuals with documented learning disabilities, severe mental retardation, and blindness, it does not provide the same protections for individuals based on their sexual orientation. Therefore, a 36-year-old homosexual would not be covered under the Americans with Disabilities Act.

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  • 5. 

    A male physical therapist assistant prepares to treat a female patient using a soft tissue massage technique. The therapist would like to ensure that the patient does not misinterpret the purpose of the treatment technique. The most appropriate action is to:

    • Transfer the patient to another therapists schedule

    • Request a female staff member to be present during treatment

    • Select another less invasive technique

    • Discharge the patient from physical therapy

    Correct Answer
    A. Request a female staff member to be present during treatment
    Explanation
    The most appropriate action in this situation is to request a female staff member to be present during treatment. This is important to ensure the comfort and safety of the patient, as well as to prevent any potential misinterpretation of the therapist's intentions. Having a female staff member present can help create a more comfortable and professional environment for the patient, and provide reassurance that the treatment is being conducted appropriately.

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  • 6. 

    A physical therapist assistant discusses risk factors associated with coronary artery disease with a patient in a phase I cardiac rehabilitation program. Which of the following risk factors is not modifiable?

    • Family history of coronary artery disease

    • Increased serum cholesterol

    • Hypertension

    • Sedentary life style

    Correct Answer
    A. Family history of coronary artery disease
    Explanation
    Family history of coronary artery disease is not a modifiable risk factor because it is determined by genetics and cannot be changed. The other risk factors listed - increased serum cholesterol, hypertension, and sedentary lifestyle - can all be modified through lifestyle changes, medication, or other interventions.

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  • 7. 

    A physical therapist assistant provides preoperative training for a patient scheduled for thoracic surgery. Which activity would be most appropriate to prevent a deep vein thrombosis post surgery?

    • Deep breathing

    • Incentive spirometry

    • Coughing

    • Ankle pumps

    Correct Answer
    A. Ankle pumps
    Explanation
    Ankle pumps would be the most appropriate activity to prevent a deep vein thrombosis post-surgery. Ankle pumps involve flexing and extending the ankles, which helps to promote blood flow and prevent blood clots from forming in the deep veins of the legs. Deep breathing, incentive spirometry, and coughing are important activities for respiratory health post-surgery, but they do not specifically target the prevention of deep vein thrombosis.

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  • 8. 

    A 45-year-old female involved in a phase II cardiac rehabilitation program refuses to take part in a group exercise session. The most appropriate physical therapist assistant action is to:

    • Ask the patient why she is unwilling to participate

    • Inform the patient that she is only hurting herself

    • Notify the patients insurance provider

    • Discharge the patient from therapy

    Correct Answer
    A. Ask the patient why she is unwilling to participate
    Explanation
    The most appropriate action for the physical therapist assistant is to ask the patient why she is unwilling to participate. This allows the therapist to understand the patient's concerns or reasons for refusal, which can help in addressing any barriers or misconceptions. It promotes open communication and patient-centered care, ensuring that the therapist can provide appropriate alternatives or modifications to meet the patient's needs and goals.

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  • 9. 

    A physical therapist assistant uses patient care gloves to prevent the transmission of infection. When is it appropriate to reuse patient care gloves?

    • When the gloves are used to treat the same patient

    • When the gloves are used by the same therapist

    • When the gloves do not come in contact with any potentially infectious material

    • Gloves should never be reused

    Correct Answer
    A. Gloves should never be reused
    Explanation
    It is important to never reuse patient care gloves to prevent the transmission of infection. Reusing gloves can lead to cross-contamination and increase the risk of spreading infectious materials. Therefore, it is always appropriate to use a new pair of gloves for each patient and discard them after use.

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  • 10. 

    A physical therapist and a physical therapist assistant are employed in a skilled nursing facility. Which of the following activities would be the most appropriate for the physical therapist assistant?

    • Fitting of an assistive device

    • Development of a plan of care

    • Reexamination of a patient

    • Establishment of a discharge plan

    Correct Answer
    A. Fitting of an assistive device
    Explanation
    The most appropriate activity for a physical therapist assistant in a skilled nursing facility would be fitting of an assistive device. Physical therapist assistants are trained to assist in the implementation of treatment plans created by physical therapists. Fitting an assistive device, such as a walker or wheelchair, falls within the scope of their responsibilities. Development of a plan of care and establishment of a discharge plan are typically tasks performed by the physical therapist, as they require a higher level of expertise and decision-making. Reexamination of a patient may also be done by the physical therapist, as it involves assessing progress and making adjustments to the treatment plan.

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  • 11. 

    An 86-year-old female is restricted to partial weight bearing on the left leg after a total hip replacement. Her upper extremity strength is 3+/5 and she resides alone. Which assistive device would be the most appropriate for the patient?

    • Lofstrand crutches

    • Axillary crutches

    • Large base quad cane

    • Walker

    Correct Answer
    A. Walker
    Explanation
    Given the patient's age, restricted weight bearing on the left leg, and limited upper extremity strength, a walker would be the most appropriate assistive device. A walker provides the most stability and support, allowing the patient to bear weight on both legs while minimizing the risk of falls. Lofstrand crutches and axillary crutches require more upper extremity strength and coordination, which may not be suitable for this patient. A large base quad cane may not provide enough stability for partial weight bearing. Therefore, a walker is the best choice in this scenario.

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  • 12. 

    A group of health care professionals participates in a family conference for a patient with a spinal cord injury. During the conference one of the participants summarizes the patients progress with bathing and dressing activities. This type of information is typically conveyed by a/an:

    • Nurse

    • Physical therapist

    • Occupational therapist

    • Case manager

    Correct Answer
    A. Occupational therapist
    Explanation
    During a family conference for a patient with a spinal cord injury, the participant who summarizes the patient's progress with bathing and dressing activities is likely to be an occupational therapist. Occupational therapists specialize in helping patients regain their independence in daily activities such as bathing and dressing. They assess the patient's abilities and provide interventions to improve their skills and use of adaptive equipment if needed. Therefore, it is appropriate for an occupational therapist to convey this type of information during the conference.

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  • 13. 

    A 32-year-old female rehabilitating from a medial meniscus repair has been instructed by an orthopedic surgeon to remain non-weight bearing for two weeks following surgery. The patient has no significant past medical history and is expected to make a full recovery. Which of the following would be the most appropriate assistive device for the patient?

    • Straight cane

    • Axillary crutches

    • Parapodium

    • Walker

    Correct Answer
    A. Axillary crutches
    Explanation
    Axillary crutches would be the most appropriate assistive device for the patient. This is because the patient has been instructed to remain non-weight bearing for two weeks following surgery. Axillary crutches provide support and stability while allowing the patient to keep weight off the affected leg. They would help the patient maintain balance and mobility during the recovery period.

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  • 14. 

    A physical therapist assistant treats a 26-year-old male with complete C6 tetraplegia. During treatment the patient makes a culturally insensitive remark that the therapist feels is offensive. The most appropriate therapist action is to:

    • Document the incident in the medical record

    • Transfer the patient to another therapists schedule

    • Discharge the patient from physical therapy

    • Inform the patient that the remark was offensive and continue with treatment

    Correct Answer
    A. Inform the patient that the remark was offensive and continue with treatment
    Explanation
    The most appropriate action for the therapist is to inform the patient that the remark was offensive and continue with treatment. This allows the therapist to address the issue directly and educate the patient about the impact of their remarks. It also provides an opportunity for the therapist to establish boundaries and promote a respectful therapeutic relationship. Documenting the incident in the medical record may be necessary for documentation purposes, but it should not be the only action taken. Transferring or discharging the patient may not be necessary if the issue can be addressed through communication and education.

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  • 15. 

    A patient prepares for discharge from a rehabilitation hospital after completing three months of physical therapy. The patient has made significant progress in his rehabilitation, however, expresses concern that his previous employer may not want him to return to work due to his injury. The most appropriate action is to:

    • Explain to the patient that to return to work after a serious injury is very difficult

    • Inform the patient of his rights according to the Americans with Disabilities Act

    • Request that the patient consider vocational retraining

    • Refer the patient to a psychologist to assist with the transition back to work

    Correct Answer
    A. Inform the patient of his rights according to the Americans with Disabilities Act
    Explanation
    The most appropriate action is to inform the patient of his rights according to the Americans with Disabilities Act. This is the best course of action because the patient is expressing concern about his previous employer not wanting him to return to work due to his injury. By informing the patient of his rights under the Americans with Disabilities Act, the healthcare provider can ensure that the patient is aware of the legal protections in place to prevent discrimination based on disability. This will empower the patient to advocate for himself and address any potential issues with his employer.

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  • 16. 

    A physical therapist assistant is instructed by a physical therapist to initiate lumbar traction on a 61-year-old female diagnosed with chronic lumbar pain. During the history the patient states that she sustained a compression fracture t the L4 level four weeks ago. The most appropriate action is:

    • Initiate lumbar traction in a prone position only

    • Initiate lumbar traction since the compression fracture was six weeks ago

    • Inform the physical therapist that the treatment may be contraindicated

    • Seek clarification from the referring physician

    Correct Answer
    A. Inform the physical therapist that the treatment may be contraindicated
    Explanation
    Based on the patient's history of a compression fracture at the L4 level four weeks ago, it is important to inform the physical therapist that the treatment may be contraindicated. Lumbar traction involves applying a pulling force to the lumbar spine, which could potentially worsen the compression fracture or cause further damage. It is crucial to consider the patient's medical history and consult with the referring physician to ensure the safety and appropriateness of the treatment.

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  • 17. 

    A physical therapist assistant performs a number of manual muscle tests on a patient diagnosed with an incomplete spinal cord injury. The results of the testing should be recorded in the _____ section of the S.O.A.P. note?

    • Subjective

    • Objective

    • Assessment

    • Plan

    Correct Answer
    A. Objective
    Explanation
    In the context of a S.O.A.P. note, the results of manual muscle tests performed by a physical therapist assistant on a patient with an incomplete spinal cord injury should be recorded in the Objective section. The Objective section of a S.O.A.P. note is where objective and measurable information, such as physical examination findings and test results, are documented. This section focuses on the facts and observations made during the assessment, without any subjective interpretation or opinions. Therefore, recording the results of the muscle tests in the Objective section is the most appropriate choice.

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  • 18. 

    A physical therapist assistant alerts a nurse to skin breakdown on a patients right heel. Which position would leave the patient most susceptible to additional tissue damage?

    • Right-side lying

    • Left-side lying

    • Prone

    • Supine

    Correct Answer
    A. Supine
    Explanation
    In the supine position, the patient is lying on their back with their face up. This position would leave the patient most susceptible to additional tissue damage because the pressure on the right heel is not relieved in this position. The weight of the body can cause pressure ulcers or skin breakdown to worsen if the affected area is not properly relieved from pressure.

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  • 19. 

    A physical therapist assistant employed in an acute care hospital treats a patient diagnosed with asthma. In order to assess the patients activity tolerance the therapist elects to use oximetry. The most appropriate time periods to conduct formal oximetry measurements are:

    • During and after the exercise session

    • Before and during the exercise session

    • Before and after the exercise session

    • Before, during, and after the exercise session

    Correct Answer
    A. Before, during, and after the exercise session
    Explanation
    Oximetry is a non-invasive method used to measure the oxygen saturation level in a patient's blood. By conducting oximetry measurements before, during, and after the exercise session, the physical therapist assistant can assess the patient's activity tolerance and monitor any changes in oxygen saturation levels. This allows the therapist to evaluate the effectiveness of the exercise session in improving the patient's condition and adjust the treatment plan accordingly.

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  • 20. 

    Secretion removal techniques are an integral component of a pulmonary rehabilitation program. What is the simplest method to clear secretions from the upper airways?

    • Cough

    • Percussion

    • Vibration

    • Shaking

    Correct Answer
    A. Cough
    Explanation
    Coughing is the simplest method to clear secretions from the upper airways. Coughing helps to expel mucus and other secretions by forcefully exhaling air from the lungs. It is a natural reflex that helps to keep the airways clear and prevent the accumulation of secretions. Coughing can be done voluntarily or can be triggered by irritants or foreign particles in the airways. It is an effective technique that can be easily performed by individuals without the need for any external assistance or devices.

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  • 21. 

    A home visit is conducted for a patient status post total hip replacement who will be discharged to a two story home using a walker. All of the following physical therapist assistant recommendations are appropriate except:

    • Use area rugs small than 5 feet by 7 feet

    • Use nonskid rubber cups under bed posts

    • Use a tub bench and hand held shower

    • Place frequently used items on the kitchen counter top

    Correct Answer
    A. Use area rugs small than 5 feet by 7 feet
  • 22. 

    S.O.A.P. notes are a common form of documentation in a variety of health care settings. Which of the following would not be found in the objective section of a S.O.A.P. note?

    • Measurement of pertinent changes in mental status

    • Description of present treatment

    • Vital sign measurements

    • Short and long-term goals

    Correct Answer
    A. Short and long-term goals
    Explanation
    In a S.O.A.P. note, the objective section typically includes measurable and observable information about the patient's condition. This may include vital sign measurements, such as blood pressure and heart rate, as well as any pertinent changes in mental status. The description of present treatment would also be included in this section, providing details about the current interventions being used for the patient. However, short and long-term goals are typically part of the assessment or plan sections of the note, where the healthcare provider outlines the goals and objectives for the patient's care.

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  • 23. 

    A 32-year-old male Portuguese descent is referred to physical therapy for instruction in a home exercise program. The physician referral indicates that the patient is approved for one visit. What is the likelihood the patient will comprehend the home exercise program in the allotted time?

    • The patient will require external assistance such as the use of an interpreter to comprehend the home exercise program.

    • The patient will comprehend the home exercise program

    • The patient will not be able to comprehend the home exercise program

    • The therapist cannot make a prediction based on the supplied information

    Correct Answer
    A. The therapist cannot make a prediction based on the supplied information
    Explanation
    The given information does not provide any details about the patient's language proficiency, education level, or cognitive abilities. Without this information, it is not possible to accurately predict whether the patient will comprehend the home exercise program in the allotted time. Therefore, the therapist cannot make a prediction based on the supplied information.

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  • 24. 

    In what section of a S.O.A.P. note would the following entry belong? Patient is not functional in activities of daily living due to lower extremity muscle weakness. Wife is unable to care for spouse at present level of functioning.    

    • Subjective

    • Objective

    • Assessment

    • Plan

    Correct Answer
    A. Assessment
    Explanation
    The given entry belongs in the Assessment section of a S.O.A.P. note because it provides an evaluation and analysis of the patient's condition. The entry states that the patient is not functional in activities of daily living due to lower extremity muscle weakness and that the wife is unable to care for the spouse at the present level of functioning. This information helps to assess the patient's overall condition and determine the appropriate course of action or treatment plan.

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  • 25. 

    A patient diagnosed with C5 quadriplegia receives physical therapy services in a rehabilitation hospital. The patient has made good progress in therapy and is scheduled for discharge in one week. During a treatment session the patient informs the physical therapist assistant that one day in the future he will walk again. The most appropriate therapist response is:

    • Your level of injury makes walking unrealistic.

    • Future advances in spinal cord research may make your goal a reality.

    • You can have a rewarding life even if confined to a wheelchair.

    • Completing your exercises on a regular basis will help you to walk.

    Correct Answer
    A. Future advances in spinal cord research may make your goal a reality.
    Explanation
    The correct answer suggests that future advances in spinal cord research may make the patient's goal of walking again a reality. This response acknowledges the patient's hope and optimism while also providing information about the potential for advancements in medical research that could potentially lead to improved treatments for spinal cord injuries.

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  • 26. 

    A physical therapist assistant treats a patient referred to physical therapy diagnosed with a medial collateral ligament sprain. During the treatment session the patient appears to be relaxed and comfortable, however is extremely withdrawn. Which of the following questions would be the most appropriate to further engage the patient?

    • Is this the first time you have injured your knee?

    • Have you ever been to physical therapy before?

    • How long after your injury did you see a physician?

    • What do you hope to achieve in physical therapy?

    Correct Answer
    A. What do you hope to achieve in physical therapy?
    Explanation
    The question "What do you hope to achieve in physical therapy?" would be the most appropriate to further engage the patient. This question allows the patient to express their goals and expectations for their physical therapy treatment, which can help the therapist understand their motivations and tailor the treatment plan accordingly. It also encourages the patient to open up and actively participate in their own care, promoting a sense of empowerment and collaboration between the therapist and the patient.

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  • 27. 

    Which of the following exercises would be inappropriate for a woman who gave birth via cesarean section two days ago?

    • Pelvic tilts

    • Walking

    • Deep breathing

    • Partial sit-ups

    Correct Answer
    A. Partial sit-ups
    Explanation
    Partial sit-ups would be inappropriate for a woman who gave birth via cesarean section two days ago because this exercise puts strain on the abdominal muscles. After a cesarean section, the abdominal muscles need time to heal and regain their strength. Engaging in exercises that put too much pressure on these muscles, such as partial sit-ups, can increase the risk of complications and delay the healing process. It is important for women who have had a cesarean section to gradually ease into exercise and consult with their healthcare provider for specific guidelines.

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  • 28. 

    An employee with a disclosed disability informs her employer that she is unable to perform an essential function of her job unless her workstation is modified. Which of the following would provide the employer with a legitimate reason for not granting the employees request?   

    • The accommodation would cost hundreds of dollars

    • The accommodation would require an expansion of the employees present workstation.

    • The accommodation would fundamentally alter the operation of the business

    • The accommodation would not address the needs of other employees

    Correct Answer
    A. The accommodation would fundamentally alter the operation of the business
    Explanation
    The employer would have a legitimate reason for not granting the employee's request if the accommodation would fundamentally alter the operation of the business. This means that the modification requested by the employee would significantly change the way the business operates, potentially causing disruption or hindering its ability to function effectively.

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  • 29. 

    A physical therapist assistant instructs a patient in pelvic floor muscle strengthening exercises. Which of the following explanations would be the most effective to assist the patient to perform a pelvic floor contraction?

    • Tighten your muscles like you were trying to expel a large amount of urine in a very short amount of time

    • Pull your muscles up and in like when you have to go to the bathroom, but there is no toilet

    • Tighten your abdominal muscles and anteriorly rotate your pelvis

    • Gently push out as if you had to pass gas

    Correct Answer
    A. Pull your muscles up and in like when you have to go to the bathroom, but there is no toilet
    Explanation
    The most effective explanation to assist the patient in performing a pelvic floor contraction is to instruct them to pull their muscles up and in like when they have to go to the bathroom, but there is no toilet. This explanation provides a clear and relatable analogy for the patient to understand the action they need to take. It emphasizes the upward and inward movement of the muscles, which is essential for a proper pelvic floor contraction.

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  • 30. 

    A physical therapist assistant explains to a patient the benefits of using electrical stimulation for muscle reeducation. The patient appears to understand the therapists explanation, however seems extremely frightened and asks the therapist not to use the electrical device. The most appropriate therapist action is to:

    • Reassure the patient that the electrical stimulation will not be harmful

    • Use only small amounts of current

    • Select another appropriate treatment technique

    • Discharge the patient from physical therapy

    Correct Answer
    A. Select another appropriate treatment technique
    Explanation
    The most appropriate therapist action is to select another appropriate treatment technique. Since the patient is extremely frightened and asks the therapist not to use the electrical device, it is important for the therapist to respect the patient's feelings and find an alternative treatment technique that the patient is comfortable with. This ensures that the patient's fears and concerns are addressed while still providing effective treatment.

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  • 31. 

    A physical therapist assistant prepares a presentation on preseason conditioning for a group of high school athletes. To maximize the effectiveness of the presentation the therapist should:

    • Develop specific learning objectives

    • Utilize a variety of audiovisual equipment

    • Assess the needs of the target audience

    • Provide a typewritten outline

    Correct Answer
    A. Assess the needs of the target audience
    Explanation
    To maximize the effectiveness of the presentation, it is important for the physical therapist assistant to assess the needs of the target audience. By understanding the specific needs, interests, and knowledge level of the high school athletes, the therapist can tailor the presentation to effectively address their concerns and provide relevant information. This will ensure that the athletes are engaged and able to understand and apply the preseason conditioning concepts being presented. Developing specific learning objectives, utilizing audiovisual equipment, and providing a typewritten outline are all important elements of a successful presentation, but assessing the needs of the target audience is the most crucial step in ensuring its effectiveness.

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  • 32. 

    A physical therapist assistant works with a 70-year-old patient diagnosed with generalized deconditioning. The patient is pleasant and cooperative, however has short-term memory deficits. The therapist initiates an exercise program that the patient is able to complete with verbal cueing. Which of the following home exercise programs would be the most beneficial for the patient?

    • A program that allows for individual exercise selection.

    • A program that requires significant attention to detail

    • A program that alternates exercises on consecutive days

    • A program that varies based on the results from a subjective pain scale

    Correct Answer
    A. A program that allows for individual exercise selection.
    Explanation
    The most beneficial home exercise program for a 70-year-old patient with generalized deconditioning and short-term memory deficits would be one that allows for individual exercise selection. This is because the patient may have specific needs and limitations that require personalized exercises. Additionally, the patient's short-term memory deficits may make it difficult for them to remember and follow a rigid exercise program that requires significant attention to detail or alternates exercises on consecutive days. A program that varies based on a subjective pain scale may also be challenging for the patient to understand and follow consistently. Therefore, allowing the patient to select exercises that they are able to complete with verbal cueing would be the most suitable option.

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  • 33. 

    A patient returns to an outpatient physical therapy clinic two hours after completing a treatment session complaining of increased back pain. The patient has been seen in physical therapy for three previous visits and has had little difficulty with a program consisting of palliative modalities and pelvic stabilization exercises. The patient was referred to physical therapy after straining his back two weeks ago while lifting his daughter out of a car seat. The most appropriate physical therapist assistant action is:

    • Inform the supervising physical therapist about the recent development

    • Instruct the patient to discontinue the pelvic stabilization exercises and have the physical therapist re-examine the patient at the next scheduled visit

    • Refer the patient to the emergency room of a local hospital

    • Instruct the patient to cancel existing physical therapy visits and schedule an appointment with the physician

    Correct Answer
    A. Inform the supervising physical therapist about the recent development
    Explanation
    The patient returning to the clinic with increased back pain after a treatment session is a concerning development. As a physical therapist assistant, it is important to inform the supervising physical therapist about this recent development. The supervising physical therapist can then evaluate the patient's condition and determine the appropriate course of action, such as adjusting the treatment plan or referring the patient to a physician if necessary.

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  • 34. 

    A physical therapist and a physical therapist assistant treat a patient one day status post posterior hip dislocation. The injury was treated using closed reduction. As part of the treatment session the therapists educate the patient on hip precautions to avoid the recurrence of dislocation and implement an exercise program including gluteal sets, quadriceps sets, hamstrings sets, ankle pumps, upper extremity exercises and bed mobility. Which activity would be the most essential for the physical therapy session the following day?

    • Review the exercise program

    • Initiate straight leg raises

    • Begin ambulation activities

    • Start active-assisted range of motion

    Correct Answer
    A. Review the exercise program
    Explanation
    The most essential activity for the physical therapy session the following day would be to review the exercise program. This is important because it allows the therapist to assess the patient's understanding of the exercises and ensure they are performing them correctly. It also provides an opportunity to make any necessary adjustments or modifications to the program based on the patient's progress or any new developments in their condition.

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  • 35. 

    A patient eight weeks status post right total hip replacement loses his balance and falls to the ground. The patient is visibly shaken by the fall, but insists that he is uninjured. The physical therapist assistant examines the right hip and although active motion elicits pain, all other findings are inconclusive. The therapist should:

    • Continue with the current treatment so the patient does not focus on the incident

    • Notify the supervising physical therapist

    • Contact the director of rehabilitation

    • Document the incident and gradually resume prior treatment

    Correct Answer
    A. Notify the supervising physical therapist
    Explanation
    The correct answer is to notify the supervising physical therapist. Since the patient is experiencing pain in the hip after falling, it is important to inform the supervising physical therapist of this new development. The supervising therapist will have the expertise to assess the situation further and determine the appropriate course of action. It is crucial to prioritize the patient's safety and well-being, and involving the supervising therapist ensures that the necessary steps are taken to address any potential issues or complications.

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  • 36. 

    A risk management committee identifies several examples of physical therapy malpractice. Which of the following would not be considered a potentially negligent act?

    • Failure to follow a physicians order

    • Application of faculty equipment

    • Sexual misconduct

    • Failure to achieve an established long-term goal

    Correct Answer
    A. Failure to achieve an established long-term goal
    Explanation
    Failure to achieve an established long-term goal would not be considered a potentially negligent act because it does not involve any direct harm or misconduct towards a patient. It may be a sign of incompetence or poor performance, but it does not fall under the category of physical therapy malpractice or negligence.

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  • 37. 

    As part of a total quality management program, a physical therapy department decides to collect patient satisfaction data. The most appropriate initial action is to:

    • Identify appropriate statistical techniques to analyze the data

    • Design questionnaire for therapists

    • Design a patient satisfaction survey

    • Modify patient care standards based on the collected data

    Correct Answer
    A. Design a patient satisfaction survey
    Explanation
    The most appropriate initial action for the physical therapy department as part of a total quality management program is to design a patient satisfaction survey. This is because collecting patient satisfaction data is the objective, and designing a survey is the first step in obtaining this data. Once the survey is designed and implemented, the department can then proceed to collect and analyze the data using appropriate statistical techniques. Modifying patient care standards based on the collected data would be a subsequent action, after the data has been analyzed and evaluated.

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  • 38. 

    A physical therapist assistant instructs a patient ambulating with axillary crutches to move cautiously and deliberately on potentially hazardous surfaces. Which gait pattern would allow the patient maximum security?

    • Swing to

    • Swing through

    • Three point

    • Four point

    Correct Answer
    A. Four point
    Explanation
    The four point gait pattern would allow the patient maximum security. In this pattern, the patient moves one crutch forward, followed by the opposite foot, then the other crutch, and finally the other foot. This provides a stable and balanced movement, allowing the patient to have more control and security while ambulating on potentially hazardous surfaces.

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  • 39. 

    A physical therapist assistant prepares to treat a patient with continuous ultrasound. Which general rule best determines the length of treatment when using ultrasound?

    • 2 minutes for each area that is 2-3 times the size of the transducer face

    • 5 minutes for each area that is 2-3 times the size of the transducer face

    • 5 minutes is the maximum treatment time regardless of the treatment area

    • 10 minutes is the maximum treatment time regardless of the treatment area

    Correct Answer
    A. 5 minutes for each area that is 2-3 times the size of the transducer face
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 5 minutes for each area that is 2-3 times the size of the transducer face. This rule suggests that the length of treatment using ultrasound should be determined based on the size of the treatment area. The therapist should allocate 5 minutes for each area that is 2-3 times the size of the transducer face. This ensures that sufficient time is given for the ultrasound to effectively penetrate the tissues and provide the desired therapeutic benefits.

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  • 40. 

    A physical therapist assistant instructs a patient diagnosed with rotator cuff tendonitis in a home exercise program. The most important consideration when designing a home exercise program is to:

    • Focus the program on the individual needs of the patient

    • Limit the length of the program to ten minutes

    • Provide written instructions that detail the frequency and duration of each exercise

    • Limit the amount of equipment required to complete the program

    Correct Answer
    A. Focus the program on the individual needs of the patient
    Explanation
    The most important consideration when designing a home exercise program is to focus the program on the individual needs of the patient. This is because every patient is unique and may have different abilities, limitations, and goals. By tailoring the program to the specific needs of the patient, the physical therapist assistant can ensure that the exercises are appropriate and effective for their condition. This personalized approach can help optimize the patient's progress and prevent further injury.

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  • 41. 

    A physical therapist assistant prepares to apply a topical antibiotic to a small portion of the upper arm of a patient with a burn. When applying the topical antibiotic the therapist should utilize which form of medical asepsis?

    • Gloves

    • Sterile gloves

    • Sterile gloves, gown

    • Sterile gloves, gown, mask

    Correct Answer
    A. Sterile gloves
    Explanation
    When applying a topical antibiotic to a patient's burn, the physical therapist assistant should utilize sterile gloves. This is because sterile gloves are necessary to maintain medical asepsis, which refers to the practices that prevent the spread of infection. By using sterile gloves, the therapist ensures that no microorganisms are introduced to the patient's wound, reducing the risk of infection. The use of sterile gloves is considered sufficient in this scenario, and there is no need for a gown or mask unless otherwise indicated.

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  • 42. 

    A physical therapist assistant discusses the plan of care for a patient rehabilitating from total hip replacement surgery with patients surgeon. During the discussion the surgeon indicates that he would like the patient to continue to wear a knee immobilizer in order to help prevent hip dislocation. The primary rationale for this action is:

    • The knee immobilizer serves as a constant reminder to the patient that the hip is susceptible to injury.

    • The knee immobilizer reduces hip flexion by maintaining knee extension.

    • The knee immobilizer facilitates quadriceps contraction during weight bearing activities.

    • The knee immobilizer limits postoperative edema and as a result promotes lower extremity stability.

    Correct Answer
    A. The knee immobilizer reduces hip flexion by maintaining knee extension.
    Explanation
    The knee immobilizer reduces hip flexion by maintaining knee extension. This is because hip flexion can increase the risk of hip dislocation after total hip replacement surgery. By keeping the knee extended, the knee immobilizer restricts the movement of the hip joint and reduces the chances of dislocation. This is an important consideration in the plan of care for a patient rehabilitating from total hip replacement surgery.

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  • 43. 

    A patient rehabilitating from a bone marrow transplant is referred to physical therapy for instruction in an exercise program. The physical therapist assistant plans to use oxygen saturation measurements to gain additional objective data related to the patients exercise tolerance. Assuming the patients oxygen saturation rate was measured as 95% at rest, which of the following guidelines would be the most appropriate?

    • Discontinue exercise if the patients oxygen saturation rate is below 95%

    • Discontinue exercise if the patients oxygen saturation rate is below 90%

    • Discontinue exercise if the patients oxygen saturation rate is below 85%

    • Discontinue exercise if the patients oxygen saturation rate is below 80%

    Correct Answer
    A. Discontinue exercise if the patients oxygen saturation rate is below 90%
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "discontinue exercise if the patient's oxygen saturation rate is below 90%". This guideline is the most appropriate because a normal oxygen saturation rate is typically above 95% at rest. A drop in oxygen saturation below 90% during exercise may indicate inadequate oxygen supply to the body, which can be dangerous for a patient rehabilitating from a bone marrow transplant. Therefore, it is important to discontinue exercise to prevent further strain on the body and to ensure the patient's safety.

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  • 44. 

    A physical therapist assistant works with a 28-year-old male with burns covering 30 percent of his body. The patient sustained the burns approximately 24 hours earlier in a house fire. The medical record indicates an unremarkable medical history with the exception of a benign cardiac arrhythmia. Which of the following emergent conditions is the patient most susceptible to?

    • Aortic aneurysm

    • Autonomic dysreflexia

    • Diabetic coma

    • Shock

    Correct Answer
    A. Shock
    Explanation
    The patient with burns covering 30 percent of his body is most susceptible to shock. Burns can cause a significant loss of fluids and electrolytes, leading to hypovolemic shock. This occurs when there is inadequate blood volume to perfuse the body's tissues, resulting in decreased oxygen and nutrient delivery. The patient's burns, which are a severe form of trauma, can also trigger an inflammatory response that further contributes to the development of shock. Therefore, it is crucial for the physical therapist assistant to closely monitor the patient's vital signs, fluid status, and overall condition to identify and address any signs of shock promptly.

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  • 45. 

    It is extremely important to thoroughly instruct patients about specific precautions before and after total hip replacement surgery. Patients that do not understand or choose to disregard this information often experience subluxation or dislocation. Which of the following would be considered good advice after total hip replacement surgery?

    • Use a raised toilet seat

    • Use an abduction pillow for one week postoperatively

    • Avoid sitting in high and hard chairs

    • Slowly bend forward when picking objects up from the floor

    Correct Answer
    A. Use a raised toilet seat
    Explanation
    Using a raised toilet seat after total hip replacement surgery is considered good advice because it helps to minimize strain on the hip joint and reduces the risk of dislocation. By raising the height of the toilet seat, it allows the patient to sit down and stand up without excessive bending or flexing of the hip, which can be challenging and potentially harmful during the recovery period. This precaution helps to ensure proper healing and promotes a successful outcome following the surgery.

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  • 46. 

    Physical therapist assistants often encounter ethical issues in their daily clinical practice. Which of the following would be the most appropriate initial step when faced with an ethical dilemma?

    • Determine an action plan

    • Seek external support

    • Gather relevant information

    • Complete the action plan

    Correct Answer
    A. Gather relevant information
    Explanation
    When faced with an ethical dilemma, the most appropriate initial step for a physical therapist assistant would be to gather relevant information. This is important because it allows the assistant to fully understand the situation and the factors involved before making any decisions or taking any actions. By gathering relevant information, the assistant can gather all the necessary facts, consider different perspectives, and make an informed and ethical decision. This step helps ensure that the assistant has a comprehensive understanding of the situation and can make the best possible decision.

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  • 47. 

    A physical therapist assistant develops a chart detailing expected functional outcomes for a variety of spinal cord injuries. Which is the highest spinal level at which independent transfers with a sliding board would be feasible?

    • C4

    • C6

    • T1

    • T3

    Correct Answer
    A. C6
    Explanation
    The highest spinal level at which independent transfers with a sliding board would be feasible is C6. This is because the higher the spinal level, the more limited the individual's mobility and strength. At the C6 level, individuals have limited shoulder and elbow movement, but they still have enough upper body strength and control to perform transfers with the assistance of a sliding board.

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  • 48. 

    A physical therapist assistant implements an exercise program for a patient rehabilitating from a lower extremity injury. The single most important factor in an exercise program designed to increase muscular strength is:

    • The recovery time between exercise sets

    • The number of repetitions per set

    • The duration of the exercise session

    • The intensity of the exercise

    Correct Answer
    A. The intensity of the exercise
    Explanation
    The intensity of the exercise is the single most important factor in an exercise program designed to increase muscular strength. This is because the intensity determines the level of effort and resistance placed on the muscles, which stimulates muscle growth and strength development. Higher intensity exercises, such as lifting heavier weights or performing more challenging exercises, require the muscles to work harder and adapt to the increased demands, resulting in increased strength. Therefore, focusing on the intensity of the exercise is crucial for achieving the desired outcome of increased muscular strength.

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  • 49. 

    A patient that sustained a lower extremity burn three months ago is treated in an outpatient physical therapy clinic. The patients burns appear to be fully healed, however the patient exhibits decreased knee flexion due to scar tissue. As part of the treatment program the physical therapist assistant performs passive stretching activities in an attempt to promote collagen extensibility. Which thermal agent would be the most beneficial to enhance the effectiveness of the treatment session?

    • Pulsed ultrasound

    • Continuous ultrasound

    • Hydrotherapy

    • Fluidotherapy

    Correct Answer
    A. Continuous ultrasound
    Explanation
    Continuous ultrasound would be the most beneficial thermal agent to enhance the effectiveness of the treatment session. Ultrasound therapy uses high-frequency sound waves to promote tissue healing and improve flexibility. Continuous ultrasound delivers a continuous stream of sound waves, which can penetrate deeper into the tissues and promote collagen extensibility. This can help break down scar tissue and improve knee flexion in the patient with lower extremity burns. Pulsed ultrasound, on the other hand, delivers sound waves in intervals and may not provide the same level of deep tissue penetration and therapeutic effect. Hydrotherapy and fluidotherapy are not thermal agents and would not directly promote collagen extensibility in this case.

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Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): May 11, 2023 +

Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.

  • Current Version
  • May 11, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Jun 23, 2009
    Quiz Created by
    Ash6286ley
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