INFLuenza Immunization Quiz

The statement is true because an infected person can spread the flu to others even before they start experiencing symptoms. This is known as the "pre-symptomatic" or "asymptomatic" transmission. During this period, the person may not feel sick or show any signs of illness, but they can still carry and transmit the virus to others through respiratory droplets when they talk, cough, or sneeze. This is why it is important to practice preventive measures, such as wearing masks and practicing social distancing, to reduce the risk of transmission.

To assure effective vaccine administration, it is important to follow vaccine and storage guidelines as well as administer the vaccine by the proper route. Following the guidelines ensures that the vaccine remains effective and safe for administration. Additionally, administering the vaccine by the proper route ensures that it is delivered to the intended target and effectively stimulates the immune response. Selecting the vaccine brand with the highest efficacy rating may be important for overall vaccine effectiveness, but it is not the only factor in assuring effective administration.

The flu vaccine must be kept cool during transportation to maintain its effectiveness and prevent spoilage. Freezing the vaccine can damage its components and render it ineffective. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the vaccine is stored at the appropriate temperature range, typically between 2 to 8 degrees Celsius, to maintain its potency and ensure its safe administration to patients.

Flu viruses have the ability to mutate and change over time. This means that the strains of flu circulating in one year may be different from the next. To provide effective protection against the flu, a new vaccine needs to be developed each year to target the specific strains that are expected to be prevalent. This is why it is important to get a flu shot annually to ensure the best possible protection against the flu.

The best way to assure safe vaccine administration is to screen carefully for contraindications and precautions and use proper administration technique. This ensures that individuals who may have adverse reactions or complications due to the vaccine are identified and not administered the vaccine. Additionally, using proper administration technique helps to minimize the risk of infection or injury during the vaccination process. Wearing gloves while administering the vaccine is a good practice to prevent the spread of germs, but it is not the most important factor in assuring safe vaccine administration.

Influenza is a respiratory infection that is caused by a virus. Bacteria, fungus, and prions are not responsible for causing influenza. Viruses are known to invade and replicate inside host cells, causing various infectious diseases including influenza.

The statement is false because the "stomach flu" and influenza are not the same thing. Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is a respiratory illness caused by the influenza virus. It primarily affects the nose, throat, and lungs, causing symptoms such as fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, and fatigue. On the other hand, the term "stomach flu" is often used to describe gastroenteritis, which is an inflammation of the stomach and intestines. Gastroenteritis is usually caused by a viral or bacterial infection and leads to symptoms like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. While both conditions can cause flu-like symptoms, they are distinct and caused by different pathogens.

In the case of an anaphylactic reaction to a vaccine, it is crucial to call 911 immediately to ensure prompt medical assistance. Administering Epinephrine intramuscularly is the recommended treatment in such situations. Epinephrine helps to counteract the severe allergic reaction and can potentially save the person's life. The dosage of 0.3 mL - 0.5 mL is typically administered based on the individual's weight and severity of the reaction.

A flu vaccine is typically made using eggs, so administering it to a person who is severely allergic to eggs can trigger a severe allergic reaction. This is why it is usually not recommended to give a flu vaccine to someone with a severe egg allergy.

Influenza is transmitted through droplets, which are tiny particles that are released when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. These droplets can travel through the air and be inhaled by others, leading to the transmission of the virus. Therefore, it is likely that influenza is airborne, making the statement true.

An adult with a serious allergy to eggs can receive an egg-free recombinant hemagglutin influenza vaccine (RIV) because this vaccine is specifically designed to be safe for individuals with egg allergies. The RIV vaccine is made using a different method that does not involve using eggs in the manufacturing process, making it a suitable option for those with egg allergies. It is important for individuals with allergies to consult with their healthcare provider to determine the most appropriate vaccine option for them.

All of the mentioned individuals are at high risk for complications from the flu. Children with asthma have weakened immune systems and respiratory issues, making them more susceptible to severe flu symptoms. Adults with diabetes have compromised immune systems and are more likely to develop complications such as pneumonia if they contract the flu. Pregnant women experience changes in their immune system, heart, and lungs, which can make them more susceptible to severe illness from the flu. Therefore, all three groups are considered high-risk individuals for flu complications.

The correct answer is "all of the above." This means that all of the given statements can explain why someone may still get the flu even if they have received an influenza vaccination. The first statement states that if you are exposed to the flu less than two weeks after getting vaccinated, you may still get the flu because the vaccine needs time to provide full protection. The second statement suggests that if the flu strain you are exposed to was not included in the vaccine, it may not offer full protection against that particular strain. Finally, the third statement acknowledges that the influenza vaccine is not 100% effective, with a range of 70-90% effectiveness, meaning there is still a chance of getting the flu even with vaccination.

The flu shot can begin to be given at 6 months of age. This is because babies younger than 6 months old are too young to receive the vaccine. At this age, their immune systems are not fully developed, and the vaccine may not provide adequate protection. Therefore, it is recommended to wait until the baby is 6 months old to start giving them the flu shot.

People with asthma should get a flu shot every year because they are at a higher risk of developing complications from the flu. Asthma can weaken the immune system and make it harder for the body to fight off infections, including the flu. Getting a flu shot annually can help protect individuals with asthma from getting sick and potentially experiencing severe symptoms or complications.

Getting a live attenuated influenza vaccination does not cause influenza. Live attenuated vaccines contain weakened forms of the virus, which are unable to cause the disease in healthy individuals. These vaccines stimulate the immune system to produce a response, providing protection against future infections. Therefore, the statement is false.

This statement is false because having an anaphylactic allergy to penicillin does not necessarily mean that a person cannot receive an influenza vaccination. Anaphylactic allergies to penicillin are specific to penicillin and do not typically cross-react with the components of the influenza vaccine. Therefore, individuals with this allergy can usually safely receive the influenza vaccination.

The given answer states that all persons over 6 months old should have an influenza vaccination this season. This means that regardless of whether they received an influenza immunization last season or have certain risk factors, everyone above 6 months old should get vaccinated. The statement suggests that it is important for everyone to receive the influenza vaccination this season, regardless of their previous immunization status or risk factors.

Getting a yearly flu shot is the best way to avoid the flu because it helps to build immunity against the most common strains of the flu virus. The flu shot contains inactive or weakened forms of the virus, which stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies. These antibodies provide protection against future infections with similar strains of the flu virus. By getting a flu shot annually, individuals can significantly reduce their risk of getting infected and experiencing flu-related complications.

The typical dose of inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) to be administered to an adult is 0.5ml.

Getting vaccinated against seasonal flu early in the season does not pose a risk of waning immunity before the end of the season. In fact, getting vaccinated early provides the body with ample time to develop immunity and protection against the flu virus. Vaccination is recommended as soon as the vaccine becomes available to ensure maximum protection throughout the flu season. Therefore, the statement is false.

Aspirin should not be given to a child or teen with the flu because it increases the risk of developing a rare but serious condition called Reye's syndrome. Reye's syndrome causes swelling in the liver and brain and can be life-threatening. Therefore, it is important to avoid giving aspirin to children and teenagers with the flu and instead use alternative medications like Tylenol or Motrin to help relieve symptoms.

A breastfeeding woman can get a live or inactivated influenza vaccine because the vaccine does not contain the live virus and therefore cannot be transmitted to the baby through breast milk. In fact, getting vaccinated against influenza can be beneficial for both the mother and the baby, as it helps protect them from getting sick and experiencing severe complications from the flu. It is generally safe for breastfeeding women to receive the influenza vaccine, and it is recommended by healthcare professionals to ensure the health and well-being of both the mother and the baby.

This statement is false. Flu vaccines are not interchangeable for all individuals. Different flu vaccines are recommended for different age groups and individuals with specific health conditions. For example, there are specific vaccines for children, pregnant women, and older adults. The vaccine composition may also vary each year based on the prevalent strains of the influenza virus. Therefore, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the most appropriate flu vaccine for each individual based on their age and health history.

There is no direct interaction between antibiotics and influenza vaccines that would prevent a person from receiving the vaccine while on antibiotics. Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections, while influenza vaccines are used to prevent viral infections. Therefore, it is safe for a person on antibiotics to receive an influenza vaccination.

FluMist (LAIV) is a nasal spray flu vaccine that contains live virus. Therefore, the correct answer is "both a and b" because it is a nasal spray flu vaccine and it contains live virus.

If a child has a stuffy nose, it is recommended to help the child blow their nose first before administering the intranasal flu vaccine. This is because a stuffy nose can prevent the vaccine from being properly absorbed into the nasal passages. By clearing the nose before vaccination, the vaccine can be more effectively delivered and provide better protection against the flu.

The statement is false because live attenuated influenza vaccine can be given to immune compromised individuals who live in the same home as long as they do not have severe immunosuppression. While it is generally recommended to avoid live vaccines in immune compromised individuals, the specific circumstances and severity of immunosuppression should be considered before making a decision.

A pregnant woman can receive inactivated influenza vaccine, but not live influenza vaccine. Live vaccines contain weakened forms of the virus and are not recommended for pregnant women as they may pose a risk to the developing fetus. Inactivated vaccines, on the other hand, do not contain live virus and are considered safe for pregnant women. Therefore, the statement that a pregnant woman can get live or inactivated influenza vaccine is false.

The given correct answer is "All of the above" because all the statements mentioned in options 1, 2, 3, and 4 provide valid reasons for why making annual influenza vaccination mandatory for HCP is an acceptable infringement on individual rights. Influenza poses a substantial risk to public health, HCPs have a professional obligation to benefit individual patients and to do no harm, influenza vaccination is not gratuitously onerous or unfair, and influenza vaccination does not pose a significant health risk to the subject. Additionally, option 5 highlights that the licensure to practice as an RN is a privilege that carries duties, which can override some individual rights.

Children under age 9 years should get two doses of the flu vaccine 1 month apart if the parent cannot recall the child's flu immunization history or if the child only had one dose of flu vaccine over the last 3 years. This is because children in this age group may not have developed enough immunity with just one dose, and getting two doses can ensure better protection against the flu. Additionally, if the parent cannot recall the child's immunization history, it is safer to administer two doses to ensure that the child is adequately protected.

FluMist (LAIV) is a nasal spray vaccine used to protect against influenza. The correct answer is 2 years because it is recommended for children aged 2 years and older. This is because younger children, especially those under 2 years, may have a higher risk of experiencing side effects from the vaccine. Therefore, it is important to wait until the child reaches 2 years of age before administering FluMist to ensure their safety and effectiveness of the vaccine.

The correct answer is to ask the person if they can eat lightly cooked eggs without a reaction. This is because most flu vaccines are made using eggs, so individuals with egg allergies may be at risk of having an allergic reaction to the vaccine. However, studies have shown that most people with egg allergies can safely receive the flu vaccine without any adverse effects. Therefore, it is important to assess if the person can tolerate lightly cooked eggs, as this may indicate that they can receive the vaccine without any problems.

The correct administration routes for influenza vaccine are intranasal, intramuscular, and intradermal. These routes allow for effective delivery of the vaccine to the body. Intranasal administration involves spraying the vaccine into the nose, while intramuscular administration involves injecting the vaccine into a muscle. Intradermal administration involves injecting the vaccine into the skin. These routes ensure that the vaccine is absorbed and distributed properly in the body to provide immunity against influenza.