Immunizations And Infectious Disease

Explanation
The vision of Healthy People 2020 is to have a society where all individuals live long and healthy lives. This implies that the goal is to improve the overall health and well-being of the population. It emphasizes the importance of preventive measures, access to healthcare, and promoting healthy lifestyles. This aligns with the objective of ensuring that everyone has the opportunity to lead a long and healthy life. Therefore, the statement is true.

Explanation
Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for newborns at birth because it helps protect them from the Hepatitis B virus, which can cause liver disease and other serious health complications. Newborns are particularly vulnerable to this virus as it can be transmitted from an infected mother during childbirth. By vaccinating newborns against Hepatitis B, it helps prevent them from developing a lifelong infection and reduces the risk of liver-related diseases later in life.

Explanation
All of the mentioned diseases (Diphtheria, Rubella, Polio) can be prevented with the recommended childhood vaccinations. Vaccinations are designed to stimulate the immune system to produce an immune response against specific diseases, making the body capable of fighting off these diseases if exposed to them in the future. By ensuring that children receive the recommended vaccinations, the risk of contracting and spreading these diseases can be significantly reduced, leading to their prevention.

Explanation
There are 14 diseases that can be prevented with routine childhood immunizations. These immunizations are designed to protect children from various diseases such as measles, mumps, rubella, polio, hepatitis B, and others. By vaccinating children against these diseases, their risk of contracting and spreading them is significantly reduced, leading to better overall health and well-being. Routine childhood immunizations are an important part of public health efforts to control and eliminate these diseases.

Explanation
The Varicella vaccine is indeed designed to protect children from Chickenpox. Chickenpox is a highly contagious viral infection that causes an itchy rash and can lead to complications, especially in young children. The Varicella vaccine contains a weakened form of the virus, which stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies without causing the disease itself. These antibodies provide protection against future infections by the Chickenpox virus, reducing the severity of symptoms or preventing the disease altogether. Therefore, it is true that the Varicella vaccine protects children from Chickenpox.

Explanation
Rubella is an airborne viral infection, which means it can be spread through the air. When an infected person coughs or sneezes, tiny droplets containing the virus can be released into the air and inhaled by others nearby. This is why it is important to practice good respiratory hygiene, such as covering the mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, to prevent the spread of rubella and other respiratory infections. Therefore, the statement "Rubella can be spread through the air" is true.

Explanation
Measles is a highly contagious viral infection that can easily spread from person to person through respiratory droplets. When an infected person sneezes or coughs, the virus can be released into the air and inhaled by others nearby. This makes sneezing or coughing a common mode of transmission for measles. Therefore, the statement "Measles can be spread by a sneeze or cough" is true.

Explanation
Children should begin to receive the influenza vaccine at 6 months of age. This is because infants are at a higher risk of developing severe complications from the flu, such as pneumonia, dehydration, and worsening of chronic medical conditions. The vaccine helps protect them against these risks and reduces the chances of spreading the virus to others. Starting at 6 months allows for the development of the child's immune system and provides early protection against influenza.

Explanation
The explanation for the given correct answer is that the Advisory Committee of Immunization Practices (ACIP) is indeed responsible for making recommendations for new vaccines to be added to the U.S. recommended immunizations schedule. This committee reviews scientific data and evidence to determine the safety and effectiveness of vaccines and then provides guidance on which vaccines should be included in the schedule to protect public health.

Explanation
Rotavirus is not transmitted through the air. It is primarily spread through the fecal-oral route, meaning it is transmitted when a person ingests the virus particles from contaminated food, water, or surfaces. It can also be spread through close contact with an infected person. However, it is not transmitted through respiratory droplets in the air like chickenpox, mumps, and polio can be.