Neuro Quiz - 3rd Semester

Maintaining the airway and ensuring proper oxygenation are fundamental priorities in any medical situation. These actions are crucial for sustaining life and preventing further complications. By keeping the airway open and ensuring adequate oxygen supply, the body's vital organs receive the necessary oxygen to function properly. Therefore, it is essential to prioritize airway maintenance and oxygenation in any medical intervention or emergency situation.

Stroke is a medical emergency that occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted, either by a blood clot or a ruptured blood vessel. The sudden onset of signs and symptoms is a hallmark feature of stroke. These symptoms can include sudden numbness or weakness in the face, arm, or leg, especially on one side of the body, sudden confusion or trouble speaking or understanding speech, sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes, sudden severe headache with no known cause, and difficulty walking or maintaining balance. Therefore, the statement that most signs and symptoms are very sudden in stroke patients is true.

A cerebral aneurysm is a weak or thin spot on a blood vessel in the brain that balloons with blood. This condition can be dangerous as the aneurysm can rupture, leading to bleeding in the brain. Symptoms may include severe headache, blurred vision, and loss of consciousness. Prompt medical attention is necessary to prevent complications and potentially life-threatening situations.

Anticoagulants are medications that help prevent blood clots. However, in the case of a hemorrhagic stroke, there is bleeding in the brain. Giving anticoagulants in such a situation can worsen the bleeding and potentially lead to more damage. Therefore, it is true that anticoagulants should not be given for hemorrhagic stroke.

When a patient is eating after experiencing an acute stroke, it is important for them to sit up with their head and neck slightly forward and flexed. This position helps to prevent aspiration, which is the inhalation of food or liquid into the lungs. By sitting up and flexing the head and neck forward, the patient can facilitate the proper swallowing mechanism and reduce the risk of choking or aspiration pneumonia. Therefore, the statement "True" accurately reflects the correct position for a patient to be in while eating post acute stroke.

For small aneurysms, the recommended treatment is monitoring. This means that instead of immediately undergoing surgery or other invasive procedures, the aneurysm is closely observed over time to check for any changes or potential risks. This approach is typically taken when the aneurysm is small and not causing any symptoms or complications. By monitoring the aneurysm, healthcare professionals can determine if any intervention is necessary in the future.

NEVER suction nasally or for longer than 10 secs (it will increase ICP)

NEVER give anticoagulant to pt with hemorrhage.

ONLY an RN can perform the first feeding

Cerebral aneurysms typically do not exhibit any signs or symptoms unless they are either very large or have ruptured. This means that individuals with small or unruptured aneurysms may not experience any noticeable symptoms, making it difficult to detect the condition without medical imaging. Therefore, the statement "Usually there are no signs or symptoms of cerebral aneurysms unless they are very large or burst" is true.

you should NEVER take it rectally. It will increase the ICP

Usually >5cm or if impairment has occured

Congenital - CTD, polycystic kidney disease, circ disorders
Mycotic - infection
Other - HTN, Tumor, atherosclerosis, drug abuse

It cannot be given if BS is 400

Although they can occur anywhere in the brain

It should be at 0-30 degrees to reduce ICP

The statement is false because patients with chronic stroke symptoms should be placed with their affected side away from the door of the room, not their good vision side. This positioning helps to prevent neglect and encourage the use of the affected side during daily activities.

The statement is false because tPA (tissue plasminogen activator) is a medication used to dissolve blood clots in patients who have had a stroke. It is typically given within a few hours of the onset of symptoms. However, tPA should not be given if the patient's blood pressure is over 185/110 at the time of treatment, as it can increase the risk of bleeding in the brain. Therefore, the correct answer is false.

Cushing's Triad is a set of symptoms that indicate increased intracranial pressure. One of the symptoms is widening pulse pressure, which refers to the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and it is expected to be greater than 40. Bradycardia, a slow heart rate, is also a symptom of Cushing's Triad. Additionally, an increase in systolic blood pressure is seen in Cushing's Triad. Therefore, the correct answer includes widening pulse pressure (>40), bradycardia, and SBP increase.

To maintain cerebral perfusion

The correct answer suggests that the patient should be positioned for 2 hours on the unaffected side and for 20 minutes on the affected side after a post-acute stroke. This positioning strategy helps to prevent complications such as pressure ulcers, respiratory issues, and contractures. By spending more time on the unaffected side, the patient can maintain proper blood flow and reduce the risk of developing pressure sores. Additionally, spending some time on the affected side helps to prevent muscle shortening and contractures.

The correct answer is "Stroke symptoms occurred less than 180 minutes ago, Ischemic Stroke, 18 years or older." This is because tPA treatment is most effective when administered within 180 minutes (3 hours) of the onset of stroke symptoms. Additionally, tPA is specifically used for ischemic strokes, which occur when a blood clot blocks a blood vessel in the brain. Lastly, tPA treatment is only approved for individuals who are 18 years or older.

This question asks for the risk factors for cerebral aneurysms. The correct answer includes "Women" because they have a higher risk compared to men. "Adult" is included because aneurysms are more common in adults rather than children. "HTN" refers to hypertension, which is a risk factor for aneurysms. "Alcohol/Drug abuse" is a risk factor as substance abuse can weaken blood vessels. "Genetic disorders" are included as certain genetic conditions can increase the risk of aneurysms. "Smoking" is also a risk factor as it can damage blood vessels.

The left side damage symptoms from a stroke can include slow performance, right side neglect, impaired speech/language, being aware of deficits (which can lead to depression and anxiety), and impaired comprehension. These symptoms are commonly observed in individuals who have experienced damage to the left side of their brain due to a stroke.

The signs and symptoms listed in the answer are all associated with cerebral aneurysm. A sudden intense headache is a common symptom, often described as the worst headache of a person's life. Pain behind the eyes can also occur. Diplopia, or double vision, can be a result of the aneurysm pressing on nerves. Tinnitus, or ringing in the ears, is another possible symptom. Seizures can occur if the aneurysm causes bleeding or puts pressure on the brain. Nuchal rigidity, or stiffness in the neck, can be a sign of a ruptured aneurysm. Sensitivity to light is also a symptom that can occur.

The given answer options are all symptoms that can occur as a result of right side damage from a stroke. Short attention span/rapid response refers to difficulties in maintaining focus and reacting quickly. Left side neglect is a condition where individuals ignore or fail to acknowledge objects or events on their left side. Spatial-perceptual deficit refers to problems with perceiving and understanding spatial relationships. Denies or minimizes problem refers to a common coping mechanism where individuals downplay or deny the impact of their deficits. Impulsive, Safety problems and Impaired judgment and time judgement indicate difficulties in making safe decisions and accurately judging time.