Strategies For Enhancement In Food Production

Tissue culture is a method of asexual propagation used by commercial growers to produce clones of a particular plant in large quantities. In tissue culture, small pieces of plant tissue, such as cells or organs, are placed in a nutrient-rich medium to grow and develop into new plants. This technique allows for the rapid and efficient production of identical plants, which is beneficial for commercial purposes such as agriculture and horticulture. Biofertilizer, mutation, and antibiotics are not methods of asexual propagation used for producing clones of plants.

Pure-line selection is the correct answer because it refers to the process of selecting and breeding plants that are homozygous for a particular trait. Homozygous plants have two identical alleles for a specific gene, which ensures that the desired trait will be consistently expressed in future generations. Pure-line selection involves isolating individual plants with the desired trait and allowing them to self-pollinate for several generations to establish a stable, true-breeding line. This method is commonly used in plant breeding to develop new cultivars with uniform traits.

Mule is a product of interspecific-hybridization, which means it is the result of breeding between two different species. In the case of mules, the two species involved are a male donkey and a female horse. This crossbreeding leads to the creation of a mule, which inherits certain traits from both parent species. Mules are known for their strength, endurance, and ability to adapt to harsh environments, making them valuable working animals in agriculture and transportation.

Rakesh, being a former, wants to breed crops with higher levels of vitamins, minerals, and proteins. The technique he would use to achieve this is biofortification. Biofortification involves breeding crops to increase their nutritional value, specifically targeting the enhancement of essential nutrients. This can be done through conventional breeding methods or genetic engineering. By selecting and breeding plants with higher levels of desired nutrients, Rakesh can develop crops that are more nutritious and beneficial for consumption.

Tissue culture is a technique used to manipulate plants in vitro to produce new varieties. It involves the growth of plant cells, tissues, or organs in a sterile, nutrient-rich medium. This method allows for the production of genetically identical plants, which can be used for various purposes such as improving crop yields, developing disease-resistant varieties, or creating new ornamental plants. Grafting and chemical treatment, on the other hand, are different methods used for specific purposes, but they do not involve the manipulation of plants in vitro to produce new varieties.

Spirulina is a micro-organism that is related to SCP (Single Cell Protein). SCP refers to the use of micro-organisms as a source of protein for human and animal consumption. Spirulina is a type of blue-green algae that is rich in protein and is often used as a dietary supplement. It is considered a valuable source of protein due to its high nutritional content and its ability to be easily cultivated. Therefore, Spirulina is the correct answer as it is a micro-organism that is related to SCP.

The progeny of a single homozygous self-pollinated plant is referred to as a pure-line. This means that the offspring inherit the same genetic traits as the parent plant, resulting in a genetically uniform population. Pure-lines are often used in breeding programs to maintain specific traits and characteristics in plants.

Murrah, Mehsana, and Jaffrabadi are all well-known breeds of buffalo. These breeds are specifically bred for their milk production and are commonly found in India. They are known for their high milk yield, adaptability to different climates, and overall robustness. Therefore, the correct answer is buffalo.

When a lake receives domestic sewage rich in organic waste, it leads to an excessive growth of algae, known as algal bloom. As the algae multiply rapidly, they consume a large amount of oxygen in the water during respiration. This depletes the oxygen levels in the lake, resulting in a condition called hypoxia. Fish and other aquatic organisms rely on dissolved oxygen in the water to survive. With the lack of oxygen, fish are unable to breathe properly and may eventually die. Therefore, the correct answer is death of fish due to lack of oxygen.

The correct answer is White leghorn and Rhode Island Red. These two breeds, White leghorn and Rhode Island Red, are considered exotic breeds of poultry. Exotic breeds are typically rare or uncommon breeds that are not commonly found in every region. Both White leghorn and Rhode Island Red have distinct characteristics and are known for their unique appearance and qualities.

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Hybridization is a technique that can be used to raise the desired improved variety of economically useful crops. It involves the crossing of two genetically different plants to create offspring with desirable traits. This process allows for the combination of beneficial characteristics from both parent plants, resulting in a new hybrid variety that exhibits improved qualities such as higher yield, disease resistance, or better nutritional value. Hybridization is widely used in agriculture to develop new crop varieties that can meet the demands of an ever-growing population and improve agricultural productivity.

Some of the eggs produced by hatchery flocks are not acceptable for incubation. This means that not all the eggs laid by the hens can be used for hatching. Some of the eggs may be damaged, infertile, or have other abnormalities that make them unsuitable for incubation. As a result, the hatchery has to sell these eggs as market eggs instead of using them for hatching, which reduces their potential revenue from hatching eggs. This additional cost and loss of potential revenue contribute to the higher expense of producing hatching eggs compared to market eggs in the poultry industry.

Goat liver and Spirulina are both rich sources of Vitamin-B12. Goat liver is known to be one of the best sources of this vitamin, containing high levels of it. Spirulina, a type of blue-green algae, is also a good source of Vitamin-B12. Both of these foods provide abundant quantities of Vitamin-B12, making them suitable options for individuals looking to increase their intake of this vitamin.

Fritsch discovered communication in bees. This means that Fritsch was the one who first discovered and studied the ways in which bees communicate with each other. Bees have complex communication systems, including dances and pheromones, that they use to convey information about food sources, nest locations, and other important aspects of their colony. Fritsch's discovery of bee communication has greatly contributed to our understanding of these fascinating creatures.