CDC 3D152 Ure Volume 1

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1/69 Questions

Three categories of synchronization used in digital data circuits are
- A. synchronous, asynchronous, and isochronous.
- B. isochronous, asynchronous, bisynchronous.
- C. nonsynchronous, bisynchronous, and synchronous.
- D. asynchronous, bisynchronous, and nonsynchronous.

About This Quiz

This is a quiz designed for all the network specialists and nerds out there. If you want to test your knowledge on this particular bunch of networking diagram facts take this quiz and find out how vast your knowledge is.

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2.

The information-carrying components that occur on either side of a carrier are called
- A. sidebands.
- B. sine waves.
- C. frequency translators.
- D. modulating frequencies.
Correct Answer

A. A. sidebands.

Explanation

The correct answer is A. sidebands. Sidebands are the information-carrying components that occur on either side of a carrier signal. In modulation, the carrier signal is modified by adding or subtracting frequencies to transmit information. These modified frequencies are known as sidebands, and they contain the actual data being transmitted.

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3.

What term is associated with the delay or lag introduced in the application of voltage from one section to the next?
- A. Latency.
- B. Phase delay.
- C. Propagation constant.
- D. Phase delay distortion.
Correct Answer

A. A. Latency.

Explanation

Latency refers to the delay or lag introduced in the application of voltage from one section to the next. It is commonly used in the context of data transmission or signal processing, where it represents the time it takes for a signal to travel from its source to its destination. In this case, latency is the most appropriate term associated with the delay or lag in voltage application.

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4.

What converts analog signal information into an analog carrier signal?
- A. Delta modulation (DM).
- B. Digital modulation.
- C. Analog modulation.
- D. Adaptive modulation.
Correct Answer

A. C. Analog modulation.

Explanation

Analog modulation converts analog signal information into an analog carrier signal. This process involves varying the amplitude, frequency, or phase of the carrier signal in accordance with the analog signal to be transmitted. Delta modulation (DM) is a form of digital modulation, not analog modulation. Digital modulation involves converting analog signal information into a digital format before transmission. Adaptive modulation is a technique used to dynamically adjust the modulation scheme based on channel conditions, but it does not directly convert analog signal information into an analog carrier signal. Therefore, the correct answer is C. Analog modulation.

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5.

The only basic waveform in nature is a
- A. carrier wave.
- B. pure sine wave.
- C. resultant wave.
- D. composite wave.
Correct Answer

A. B. pure sine wave.

Explanation

The correct answer is B. pure sine wave. A pure sine wave is considered the only basic waveform in nature because it represents the simplest form of oscillation. It is a smooth, continuous waveform that has only one frequency and no harmonics. Other waveforms, such as square waves or sawtooth waves, can be created by combining multiple sine waves of different frequencies and amplitudes. However, a pure sine wave is the fundamental building block for all other waveforms and is commonly found in natural phenomena such as sound waves and electromagnetic waves.

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6.

If 100 percent modulation is exceeded and there is distortion in the modulating signal, additional sidebands are generated. We identify these sidebands as what?
- A. Transmitted intelligence.
- B. Intensity of speech.
- C. Composite waves.
- D. Splatter.
Correct Answer

A. D. Splatter.

Explanation

When the modulation exceeds 100 percent and there is distortion in the modulating signal, additional sidebands are generated. These additional sidebands are known as "splatter". Splatter refers to the unwanted and excessive sidebands that can cause interference and distortion in the transmitted signal.

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7.

What converts analog signal information into a digital carrier signal?
- A. Delta modulation (DM).
- B. Analog modulation.
- C. Digital modulation.
- D. Adaptive modulation.
Correct Answer

A. C. Digital modulation.

Explanation

Digital modulation is the process of converting analog signal information into a digital carrier signal. This is done by encoding the analog signal into a series of discrete digital symbols, which can then be transmitted over a digital communication system. Digital modulation techniques, such as amplitude shift keying (ASK), frequency shift keying (FSK), and phase shift keying (PSK), are commonly used for this purpose. These techniques allow for efficient and reliable transmission of digital information over various types of communication channels.

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8.

The upper sideband in a single-sideband suppressed carrier (SSBSC) modulation is eliminated by
- A. filtering.
- B. detection.
- C. compression.
- D. companding.
Correct Answer

A. A. filtering.

Explanation

The upper sideband in a single-sideband suppressed carrier (SSBSC) modulation is eliminated by filtering. In SSBSC modulation, only one sideband is transmitted, while the carrier and the other sideband are suppressed. To achieve this, a filter is used to remove the unwanted sideband, allowing only the desired sideband to pass through. Filtering is an effective method to eliminate the upper sideband and ensure that only the necessary signal is transmitted.

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9.

When using an ohmmeter to take a resistance reading, what preliminary precaution should you take?
- A. Properly seat the test lead into the current input terminal jack.
- B. Disconnect the power from the circuit being tested.
- C. Place the meter in the "frequency" mode.
- D. Set the range for maximum reading.
Correct Answer

A. B. Disconnect the power from the circuit being tested.

Explanation

When using an ohmmeter to take a resistance reading, it is important to disconnect the power from the circuit being tested as a preliminary precaution. This is necessary to ensure the safety of the person taking the reading and to prevent any potential damage to the circuit or the ohmmeter. By disconnecting the power, the risk of electric shock or short-circuiting is minimized, allowing for a more accurate and safe resistance measurement.

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10.

What is the main advantage of differential phase shift keying (DPSK)?
- A. Carrier presence is required to detect changes.
- B. It requires a less complex receiver than a basic phase shift keying (PSK) signal.
- C. It requires a more complex receiver than a basic PSK signal.
- D. The demodulator needs to detect changes in absolute phase values.
Correct Answer

A. B. It requires a less complex receiver than a basic phase shift keying (PSK) signal.

Explanation

Differential phase shift keying (DPSK) has the main advantage of requiring a less complex receiver than a basic phase shift keying (PSK) signal. Unlike PSK, DPSK does not require the receiver to detect changes in absolute phase values, which simplifies the receiver design. Instead, DPSK only requires the receiver to detect changes in the relative phase between consecutive symbols, making it more robust to phase variations caused by noise or channel impairments. This simplicity in receiver design makes DPSK a practical choice for communication systems where complexity and cost are important factors.

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11.

In Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), the transmitting multiplexer will put a bit or a byte from each of the incoming lines into a specifically allocated what?
- A. channel.
- B. trunk.
- C. time slot.
- D. port.
Correct Answer

A. C. time slot.

Explanation

In Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), the transmitting multiplexer allocates a specific time slot for each of the incoming lines. This means that each line gets a designated period of time during which its bit or byte is transmitted. This allows multiple signals to be transmitted over a single channel by dividing the available time into smaller slots. Therefore, the correct answer is C. time slot.

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12.

The most common wave-division multiplexing (WDM) system uses how many wavelengths?
- A. One wavelength.
- B. Two wavelengths.
- C. Three wavelengths.
- D. Four wavelengths.
Correct Answer

A. B. Two wavelengths.

Explanation

The most common wave-division multiplexing (WDM) system uses two wavelengths. WDM is a technique used in optical fiber communication to increase the capacity of the network by transmitting multiple signals simultaneously using different wavelengths of light. By using two wavelengths, the system can transmit two separate signals over the same fiber optic cable, effectively doubling the capacity of the network.

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13.

The method of multiplexing the T1 multiplexer uses is
- A. frequency division.
- B. binary division.
- C. pulse division.
- D. time division.
Correct Answer

A. D. time division.

Explanation

The method of multiplexing used by the T1 multiplexer is time division. Time division multiplexing involves dividing the available bandwidth into time slots and assigning each input a specific time slot to transmit its data. In the case of T1 multiplexing, multiple T1 lines are combined into a single high-speed line by allocating each T1 line a specific time slot. This allows multiple signals to be transmitted simultaneously over a single transmission medium by taking turns using the available time slots.

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14.

How many bits are in the extended superframe format (ESF) framing sequence?
- A. 8.
- B. 12.
- C. 24.
- D. 48.
Correct Answer

A. C. 24.

Explanation

The extended superframe format (ESF) framing sequence consists of 24 bits.

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15.

What form of modulation is insensitive to signal variations?
- A. Delta
- B. Frequency shift keying (FSK).
- C. Pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM).
- D. Binary-phase sift keying or bi-phase shift keying (BPSK).
Correct Answer

A. D. Binary-phase sift keying or bi-phase shift keying (BPSK).

Explanation

Binary-phase shift keying (BPSK) is insensitive to signal variations because it only has two phases, 0 and 180 degrees. This means that the signal can only have two possible values, which makes it less susceptible to variations in the signal. Other forms of modulation, such as delta modulation, FSK, and PAM, are more sensitive to signal variations as they have multiple possible values or levels for the signal. Therefore, BPSK is the modulation technique that is least affected by signal variations.

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16.

Wave-division multiplexing (WDM) creates the virtual channels for multiplexing them together for transmission by using different
- A. wavelengths or lambdas.
- B. wavelengths or gammas.
- C. frequencies or lambdas.
- D. frequencies or gammas.
Correct Answer

A. A. wavelengths or lambdas.

Explanation

Wave-division multiplexing (WDM) is a technique used in optical communication systems to combine multiple signals onto a single optical fiber. It works by using different wavelengths or lambdas to create virtual channels for multiplexing. Each signal is assigned a specific wavelength or lambda, and these signals are then combined and transmitted over the same fiber. Therefore, option A, wavelengths or lambdas, is the correct answer as it accurately describes the method used in WDM.

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17.

In what type of signal does the signal level move to one of the discrete signal levels, but returns to the zero level after a predetermined time?
- A. Non-return-to-zero (NRZ) level.
- B. Non-return-to-zero mark.
- C. Non-return-to-zero space.
- D. Return-to-zero.
Correct Answer

A. D. Return-to-zero.

Explanation

In a return-to-zero signal, the signal level moves to one of the discrete signal levels, but returns to the zero level after a predetermined time. This means that the signal alternates between a high level and a low level, with the low level representing zero. This type of signal is commonly used in digital communication systems to represent binary data, where the high level represents a binary 1 and the low level represents a binary 0.

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18.

In common associated signaling (CAS), what is the seventh bit in frames 6 and 12 used to convey signaling information known as?
- A. Bit robbing.
- B. Bit stuffing.
- C. Frame correction.
- D. Frame enhancement.
Correct Answer

A. A. Bit robbing.

Explanation

The seventh bit in frames 6 and 12 in common associated signaling (CAS) is used to convey signaling information known as "Bit robbing." Bit robbing refers to the process of stealing one bit from each frame in order to transmit signaling information. This technique allows for the transmission of additional information without requiring additional bits or frames.

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19.

Any actions we take to protect our forces, facilities, and equipment for electronic action that can destroy or degrade our capabilities is considered
- A. electronic combat.
- B. electronic protection.
- C. electronic attack.
- D. electronic warfare support.
Correct Answer

A. B. electronic protection.

Explanation

The correct answer is B. electronic protection. Electronic protection refers to the actions taken to safeguard our forces, facilities, and equipment from electronic actions that can harm or diminish our capabilities. This includes measures such as encryption, firewalls, and other security protocols to prevent unauthorized access, interference, or disruption of our electronic systems. It is essential for maintaining the integrity and effectiveness of our electronic capabilities in the face of potential threats.

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20.

Which section of a bit error rate test (BERT) set measures the received test pattern?
- A. Transmitter.
- B. Emitter.
- C. Detector.
- D. Receiver.
Correct Answer

A. D. Receiver.

Explanation

The section of a bit error rate test (BERT) set that measures the received test pattern is the receiver. The receiver is responsible for receiving the test pattern and analyzing it to determine the number of bit errors that occurred. This information is crucial in evaluating the performance of the communication system and identifying any potential issues or improvements that need to be made.

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21.

Individual pulses within a digital signal are
- A. bits.
- B. bytes.
- C. codes.
- D. blocks.
Correct Answer

A. A. bits.

Explanation

Individual pulses within a digital signal are represented as bits. In digital communication, a bit is the smallest unit of information and can have two possible values, either a 0 or a 1. These bits are used to encode and transmit data in a digital signal. Each pulse within the signal represents a single bit, allowing for the transmission and storage of binary information. Therefore, option A is the correct answer.

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22.

When using a multimeter, which mode should be used if the reading fluctuates and a more accurate reading is desired?
- A. Minimum/maximum (MIN/MAX).
- B. Display hold.
- C. Frequency.
- D. Range.
Correct Answer

A. A. Minimum/maximum (MIN/MAX).

Explanation

When using a multimeter, the MIN/MAX mode should be used if the reading fluctuates and a more accurate reading is desired. This mode allows the multimeter to record and display the minimum and maximum values of the measured quantity over a period of time. By using this mode, the user can determine the range of values that the quantity fluctuates between, providing a more accurate representation of the measurement.

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23.

What unit is most commonly used in data systems to express signaling speed?
- A. Baud.
- B. Baudot.
- C. Sense interface.
- D. Bits per second.
Correct Answer

A. D. Bits per second.

Explanation

The most commonly used unit in data systems to express signaling speed is bits per second. This unit measures the number of bits that can be transmitted or processed in one second. Baud, Baudot, and sense interface are not units used to express signaling speed in data systems.

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24.

Which statement best describes a binary with eight-zero substitution (B8ZS) signal?
- A. The information is transmitted in three different voltage levels.
- B. A logic one is transmitted as a positive voltage if the previous logic one was negative.
- C. The level always returns to zero for 50 percent of the bit cycle after every transition.
- D. Bipolar violations are intentionally inserted into a data signal to break up long strings of zeros.
Correct Answer

A. D. Bipolar violations are intentionally inserted into a data signal to break up long strings of zeros.

Explanation

B8ZS is a line code used in telecommunications to ensure that long sequences of zeros are not transmitted. It accomplishes this by intentionally inserting bipolar violations into the data signal. This means that instead of transmitting a string of zeros, the signal is modified to include alternating positive and negative voltage levels. By doing so, B8ZS prevents synchronization problems that can occur when a receiver encounters long sequences of zeros.

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25.

When is the voltage applied in loop-start signaling?
- A. When dial tone is present.
- B. On-hook condition.
- C. Off-hook condition.
- D. During the ringback signal.
Correct Answer

A. C. Off-hook condition.

Explanation

In loop-start signaling, the voltage is applied when the telephone handset is off-hook, meaning that the user has lifted the handset and is ready to make or receive a call. This is because when the handset is off-hook, the telephone line is connected and ready for communication. The voltage is used to signal the central office that the user wants to initiate a call or answer an incoming call.

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26.

Jamming a portion of the frequency spectrum is an example of
- A. electronic combat.
- B. electronic protection.
- C. electronic attack.
- D. electronic warfare support.
Correct Answer

A. C. electronic attack.

Explanation

Jamming a portion of the frequency spectrum refers to the intentional interference or disruption of communication signals, which is an aggressive action aimed at degrading or denying the enemy's ability to communicate effectively. This falls under the category of electronic attack, as it involves the use of electronic means to disrupt or destroy enemy electronic systems and infrastructure.

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27.

We can express the 6-to-1 improvement of the single-sideband suppressed carrier (SSBSC) modulation over conventional amplitude modulation (AM) as
- A. 2 decibels (dB) of improvement.
- B. 4 dB of improvement.
- C. 6 dB of improvement.
- D. 8 dB of improvement.
Correct Answer

A. D. 8 dB of improvement.
28.

Bit count integrity problems are primarily caused by
- A. impedance mismatch.
- B. system timing faults.
- C. improper equipment settings.
- D. changes in atmospheric conditions.
Correct Answer

A. B. system timing faults.

Explanation

Bit count integrity problems are primarily caused by system timing faults. This refers to issues with the synchronization and timing of signals within a system. When the timing is not accurate, it can lead to errors in counting or tracking the number of bits being transmitted or received. This can result in data corruption or loss, impacting the integrity of the bit count. Impedance mismatch, improper equipment settings, and changes in atmospheric conditions may cause other types of communication problems, but they are not directly related to bit count integrity.

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29.

The definition of electronic attack can be found in which publication?
- A. Air Force Doctrine Document 2-5.1.
- B. Air Force Instruction 10-101.
- C. Air Force Policy Memorandum 2-1.
- D. Air Force Manual 2-5.1.
Correct Answer

A. A. Air Force Doctrine Document 2-5.1.

Explanation

The correct answer is A. Air Force Doctrine Document 2-5.1. This publication is likely to contain the definition of electronic attack because doctrine documents typically outline the fundamental principles and concepts related to a specific subject. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that Air Force Doctrine Document 2-5.1 would provide the definition of electronic attack.

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30.

The form of pulse modulation in which the pulse is varied within a set range of positions is known is
- A. pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM).
- B. pulse-duration modulation (PDM).
- C. pulse-position modulation (PPM).
- D. pulse-code modulation (PCM).
Correct Answer

A. C. pulse-position modulation (PPM).

Explanation

Pulse-position modulation (PPM) is a form of pulse modulation where the position of the pulse within a set range is varied. In PPM, the timing of the pulse is used to encode information. The position of the pulse represents different values or symbols, allowing for the transmission of data. It is commonly used in communication systems to transmit analog or digital signals.

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31.

The two major types of frame structures are
- A. low speed and high speed.
- B. high speed and EBCDIC.
- C. CCITT and low speed.
- D. EBCDIC and CCITT.
Correct Answer

A. C. CCITT and low speed.

Explanation

The correct answer is C. CCITT and low speed. CCITT stands for International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee, which is an organization that sets international standards for telecommunications. Low speed refers to slower data transmission rates. Therefore, the two major types of frame structures are CCITT, which represents the standard, and low speed, which represents the slower data transmission rates.

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32.

What are the two major sections of a bit error rate test (BERT) set?
- A. Emitter and detector.
- B. Emitter and receiver.
- C. Transmitter and detector generator.
- D. Transmitter and receiver.
Correct Answer

A. D. Transmitter and receiver.

Explanation

The two major sections of a bit error rate test (BERT) set are the transmitter and receiver. The transmitter is responsible for generating the test signal, which is then transmitted to the receiver. The receiver, on the other hand, receives the transmitted signal and compares it with the expected signal to determine the bit error rate. These two sections work together to measure the quality and reliability of a communication system by assessing the number of bit errors that occur during transmission.

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33.

The process of coding pulse code modulation (PCM) quantized pulses to make them a constant duration and amplitude is
- A. encoding.
- B. companding.
- C. uniform quantizing.
- D. nonuniform quantizing.
Correct Answer

A. A. encoding.

Explanation

The process described in the question involves taking the quantized pulses of pulse code modulation (PCM) and coding them to have a constant duration and amplitude. This process is known as encoding, which is the conversion of information into a specific format for transmission or storage. The other options, companding, uniform quantizing, and nonuniform quantizing, do not accurately describe the process of making the pulses a constant duration and amplitude.

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34.

Which push-buttons would you select to get 125-ohm (Ω) impedance on the time domain reflectometer.
- A. 50Ω, 75Ω, and 125Ω.
- B. 75Ω and 125Ω.
- C. 50Ω and 125Ω.
- D. 50Ω and 75Ω.
Correct Answer

A. D. 50Ω and 75Ω.

Explanation

To get a 125-ohm impedance on the time domain reflectometer, you would select push-buttons with resistances that add up to 125 ohms. The options given are A. 50Ω, 75Ω, and 125Ω, B. 75Ω and 125Ω, C. 50Ω and 125Ω, and D. 50Ω and 75Ω. Option D is the correct answer because when you select the 50Ω and 75Ω push-buttons in parallel, their resistances add up to 125Ω.

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35.

What is the power that is reflected back to an optical source in the time domain reflectometer (TDR)?
- A. Reflection.
- B. Backscatter.
- C. Scatter coefficient.
- D. Reflection coefficient.
Correct Answer

A. B. Backscatter.

Explanation

Backscatter is the power that is reflected back to an optical source in a time domain reflectometer (TDR). When an optical signal encounters an impedance mismatch or a fault in the transmission line, a portion of the signal is scattered back towards the source. This backscattered power can be measured and analyzed using a TDR to locate and identify faults or irregularities in the transmission line. Therefore, option B, Backscatter, is the correct answer.

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36.

What is an example of analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog techniques?
- A. Amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM).
- B. Pulse code modulation (PCM) and frequency shift keying (FSK).
- C. Phase modulation (PM) and quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK).
- D. Pulse code modulation (PCM) and continuously variable slope delta (CVSD) modulation.
Correct Answer

A. D. Pulse code modulation (PCM) and continuously variable slope delta (CVSD) modulation.

Explanation

Analog-to-digital (ADC) and digital-to-analog (DAC) techniques are used to convert signals between analog and digital formats. Pulse code modulation (PCM) is an example of ADC, where analog signals are sampled and quantized to discrete digital values. Continuously variable slope delta (CVSD) modulation is an example of DAC, where digital values are converted back to analog signals by varying the slope of a waveform. Therefore, option D is the correct answer as it includes examples of both ADC and DAC techniques.

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37.

In what type of signal is the information contained in the transition, and there is a transition from one state to the other only when a mark bit is sent?
- A. Non-return-to-zero (NRZ) level.
- B. Non-return-to-zero mark.
- C. Non-return-to-zero space.
- D. Return-to-zero level.
Correct Answer

A. B. Non-return-to-zero mark.

Explanation

In a non-return-to-zero mark (NRZ-M) signal, the information is contained in the transition from one state to the other only when a mark bit is sent. In NRZ-M, a high level represents a mark (1) and a low level represents a space (0). The transition from a low level to a high level indicates the start of a mark bit, and this transition carries the information. The absence of a transition indicates a space bit. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Non-return-to-zero mark.

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38.

What communications supervisory signal uses a continuous application of direct current voltage for signaling?
- A. Record warning.
- B. Fast busy signal.
- C. Loop-start.
- D. E and M.
Correct Answer

A. C. Loop-start.

Explanation

Loop-start is a communications supervisory signal that uses a continuous application of direct current voltage for signaling. This signal is commonly used in telephone systems to indicate the start of a call. When a loop-start signal is applied, it signifies that the telephone line is in an idle state and ready to receive or initiate a call. This continuous direct current voltage is used to monitor the status of the line and initiate call setup procedures.

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39.

Electronic warfare support includes devices such as
- A. anti-radiation missiles and directed energy weapons.
- B intelligence platforms and noise jamming systems.
- C. radar warning receivers and intelligence systems.
- D. directed energy weapons and radar warning receivers.
Correct Answer

A. C. radar warning receivers and intelligence systems.

Explanation

The correct answer is C. radar warning receivers and intelligence systems. Electronic warfare support refers to the use of electronic devices and systems to detect, identify, and analyze enemy electronic emissions. Radar warning receivers are used to detect and warn against radar signals emitted by enemy radar systems. Intelligence systems, on the other hand, gather and analyze information about enemy electronic emissions to provide valuable intelligence for military operations. Therefore, the correct answer includes both radar warning receivers and intelligence systems as devices used in electronic warfare support.

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40.

How many bits per character of a 16-step pulse-code modulation (PCM) system are used to describe the quantized analog sample?
- A. 3.
- B. 4.
- C. 5.
- D. 8.
Correct Answer

A. B. 4.

Explanation

In a 16-step pulse-code modulation (PCM) system, each quantized analog sample is described using 4 bits per character. This means that there are 16 possible quantized levels that can be represented by the 4 bits. Each bit can have two possible values (0 or 1), so with 4 bits, there are 2^4 = 16 possible combinations, allowing for the representation of 16 different levels. Therefore, the correct answer is B. 4.

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41.

A digital signal that contains synchronizing bits within the signal stream describes
- A. synchronous operation.
- B. asynchronous operation.
- C. synchronous and/or isochronous operation.
- D. asynchronous and/or synchronous operation.
Correct Answer

A. B. asynchronous operation.

Explanation

A digital signal that contains synchronizing bits within the signal stream describes asynchronous operation. Synchronizing bits are used to maintain timing and synchronization between the sender and receiver in asynchronous communication. Asynchronous operation does not rely on a fixed clock signal and allows for variable timing between data transmissions. This is in contrast to synchronous operation, where data is transmitted in a fixed and synchronized manner.

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42.

What communications control signal uses a two-frequency dialing combination?
- A. Pulse dialing.
- B. Tone dialing.
- C. Digit dialing.
- D. Address dialing.
Correct Answer

A. B. Tone dialing.

Explanation

Tone dialing is the correct answer because it uses a two-frequency dialing combination. In tone dialing, each number on the telephone keypad is associated with a specific combination of two frequencies. When a number is dialed, the keypad generates these frequencies, which are then transmitted through the telephone line to the receiving end. This method is more efficient and faster than pulse dialing, where each digit is represented by a series of pulses. Digit dialing and address dialing are not specific control signals and do not involve a two-frequency combination.

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43.

What communications information signal uses a signal cycled on and off for 0.5 second and contains the generation of a 480-Hz and 620-Hz frequency pair?
- A. Dial tone.
- B. Busy signal.
- C. Off-hook alert.
- D. Call waiting.
Correct Answer

A. B. Busy signal.

Explanation

A busy signal is a communication information signal that is cycled on and off for 0.5 second. It is used to indicate that the line is currently busy and cannot accept another call. The generation of a 480-Hz and 620-Hz frequency pair is characteristic of a busy signal.

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44.

What type of error is the result of two successive logic one pulses of the same polarity in violation of alternate mark inversion coding rules?
- A. Cyclic redundancy check.
- B. Bipolar violation.
- C. Bit slip.
- D. Frame.
Correct Answer

A. B. Bipolar violation.

Explanation

A bipolar violation is the result of two successive logic one pulses of the same polarity in violation of alternate mark inversion coding rules. In alternate mark inversion coding, logic one pulses are represented by alternating positive and negative voltage levels. When two consecutive logic one pulses have the same polarity, it violates this coding rule and is known as a bipolar violation. This error can cause signal degradation and affect the accuracy of data transmission.

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45.

In what common channel signaling (CCS) mode are the messages relating to signaling between two points conveyed directly interconnecting these signaling points?
- A. Associated mode.
- B. Nonassociated mode.
- C. Quasi-associated mode.
- D. Multi-associated mode.
Correct Answer

A. A. Associated mode.

Explanation

In associated mode of common channel signaling (CCS), the messages relating to signaling between two points are conveyed directly interconnecting these signaling points. This means that the signaling messages are sent directly from one signaling point to another without any intermediate signaling points or network elements involved. This mode is commonly used in scenarios where there is a direct connection between the signaling points, such as in a point-to-point communication setup.

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46.

When using a multimeter, which mode should be used if the reading is unreadable due to fluctuations?
- A. Range.
- B. Frequency.
- C. Display hold.
- D. Minimum/maximum (MIN/MAX)
Correct Answer

A. C. Display hold.

Explanation

When using a multimeter, if the reading is unreadable due to fluctuations, the mode that should be used is Display hold. Display hold allows the multimeter to freeze the reading on the display, ensuring that the value is held steady and can be easily read. This mode is particularly useful when dealing with rapidly changing measurements or unstable signals, as it allows the user to capture and analyze the data accurately.

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47.

Which of the following is not considered an analog modulation techniques?
- A. pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM).
- B. pulse-duration modulation (PDM).
- C. pulse-position modulation (PPM).
- D. pulse-code modulation (PCM).
Correct Answer

A. D. pulse-code modulation (PCM).

Explanation

Pulse-code modulation (PCM) is not considered an analog modulation technique because it is a digital modulation technique. In PCM, the analog signal is sampled at regular intervals and each sample is quantized into a digital code. These digital codes represent the amplitude of the original analog signal at each sampling point. Therefore, PCM is a digital technique that converts analog signals into digital form for transmission or storage. On the other hand, pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM), pulse-duration modulation (PDM), and pulse-position modulation (PPM) are all analog modulation techniques where the amplitude, duration, or position of pulses are varied to represent the analog signal.

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48.

What are the two principle weighting characteristics in use with telecommunication circuit noise?
- A. Institute of Electronic and Electrical Engineers and CCITT psophometric.
- B. Noise analysis and CCITT psophometric.
- C. CCITT psophometric and C-message.
- D. C-message and noise analysis.
Correct Answer

A. C. CCITT psophometric and C-message.

Explanation

The two principle weighting characteristics in use with telecommunication circuit noise are CCITT psophometric and C-message. CCITT psophometric is a standard that measures noise levels in telecommunication circuits, taking into account the human ear's sensitivity to different frequencies. C-message is a weighting characteristic that is used to measure noise levels in telecommunication circuits, specifically for speech transmission. Together, these two weighting characteristics help in accurately measuring and evaluating noise levels in telecommunication circuits.

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49.

When a multimeter has three input terminal jacks, which jack is always used?
- A. Voltage terminal.
- B. Common terminal.
- C. Voltage and current terminal.
- D. Common and current terminal.
Correct Answer

A. A. Voltage terminal.

Explanation

The voltage terminal is always used when a multimeter has three input terminal jacks. This is because the voltage terminal is specifically designed to measure voltage, which is one of the most common and important electrical quantities to measure. The other terminal jacks may be used for different purposes, such as measuring current or resistance, but the voltage terminal is always necessary for basic voltage measurements.

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Quiz Edited by
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Jan 13, 2014

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CDC 3D152 Ure Volume 1

Three categories of synchronization used in digital data circuits are

Quiz Preview

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