Exercise Physiology - Qp11

Chemical energy refers to the energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds. When these bonds are broken, the energy is released and can be converted into other forms, such as kinetic energy, which is the energy of motion, or potential energy, which is stored energy. Therefore, the statement that chemical energy can be converted into kinetic energy or stored as potential energy is true.

The breakdown of ATP to ADP and P releases energy, which can be used to perform various cellular functions. This energy is converted into kinetic energy, which is used for movement and mechanical work, and heat energy, which is a byproduct of metabolic reactions. Therefore, the statement that the energy released from the breakdown of ATP is converted to kinetic and heat energy is true.

The lactic acid system does not free a relatively large amount of energy from the glycogen molecule. Instead, it is the aerobic system that produces the most energy from glycogen. The lactic acid system is an anaerobic process that occurs when the body cannot supply enough oxygen to meet the energy demands of exercise. It converts glycogen into lactic acid, producing a smaller amount of energy compared to the aerobic system. Therefore, the given statement is false.

Proteins are essential for muscle growth and repair as they provide the necessary building blocks. When we engage in activities that cause muscle damage, such as exercise, proteins help repair and rebuild the damaged muscle fibers, leading to muscle growth. Additionally, proteins are involved in various other functions in the body, including enzyme production, hormone synthesis, and transportation of molecules. Therefore, it is accurate to say that the main function of protein is to provide the building blocks for muscle growth and repair.

The statement defines energy as the capacity or ability to function optimally, which is incorrect. Energy is actually defined as the ability to do work or cause change. While functioning optimally may require energy, it is not the definition of energy itself. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

An exothermic reaction is actually a reaction that releases energy, not stores it. Therefore, the given statement is incorrect.

The statement is true because the lactic acid system is indeed a form of anaerobic glycolysis. During intense exercise, when the body cannot supply enough oxygen to the muscles, it relies on the lactic acid system to produce energy. This system breaks down glucose without the presence of oxygen, resulting in the production of lactic acid. This process allows for the continued production of ATP, the energy currency of cells, but it also leads to the accumulation of lactic acid, which can cause muscle fatigue and soreness.

Adipose tissue is a specialized connective tissue that stores energy in the form of triglycerides, which are a type of fat. Triglycerides consist of three fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule. These triglycerides serve as the main source of fat in the body, providing energy when needed. Therefore, the statement that the main source of fat is stored in adipose tissue in the form of triglycerides is true.