Exercise Physiology Exam 2
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Quiz based on the notes for exam 2Note: Any question that says "(check all that apply)" means that thier is MORE THAN ONE answer to the question!
- 1.Along with the nervous system, which other system controls the internal environment. (homeostasis)
- A.
Muscular
- B.
Lymphatic
- C.
Endocrine
- D.
Digestive
- 2.The peripheral nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 3.Afferent fibers are fibers that transmit impulses from receptors to the CNS
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 4.Skeletal muscles are innervated by neurons in the motor division.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 5.Glands are innervated by the somatic motor system
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 6.Which structure in the neuron generates the action potential?
- A.
Axon terminal
- B.
Axon hillock
- C.
Cell body
- D.
Node of Ranvier
- 7.In the peripheral nervous system, the myelin sheath is formed by olegodendrocytes.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 8.Post-ganglionic fibers of the autonomic nervous system are non myelinated.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 9.Generally, what is the charge of a neurons at rest?
- A.
-40 to -65 mv
- B.
-50 to -70 mv
- C.
-30 to -60 mv
- D.
-40 to 75 mv
- 10.Which is true about the sodium-pottasium pump?
- A.
It pumps 2 K+ in and 3 Na+ out
- B.
It pumps 1 K+ in and 3 Na+ out
- C.
It pumps 3 K+ in and 2 Na+ out
- D.
It pumps 4 K+ in and 2 Na+ out
- E.
It pumps 3 Na+ in and 2 K+ out
- 11.What happens during the an action potential?
- A.
Inside the axon becomes more positive due to an influx of pottasium
- B.
Inside the axon becomes more negative due to an influx of pottasium
- C.
Inside the axon becomes more positive due to an influx of sodium
- D.
Inside the axon becomes more negative due to an influx of sodium
- E.
None of the above
- 12.What happens during repolarization? (check all that apply)
- A.
Sodium leaves the cell rapidly
- B.
Pottasium leaves the cell rapidly
- C.
Sodium channels close
- D.
None of the above
- 13.Which neurological disease destroys the myelin sheath of axons?
- A.
Multiple Sclerosis
- B.
Parkinson's disease
- C.
Huntington's disease
- D.
Epilepsy
- E.
None of the above
- 14.The "All or none" law states that once a nerve impulse is initiated, it will travel the length of the neuron.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 15.______ and _____ causes depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane. (neurotransmitter and ion) (check all that apply)
- A.
Potassium (K+)
- B.
Sodium (Na+)
- C.
Gaba
- D.
Acetylcholine
- E.
Norepinephrine
- 16.The synapse of a neuron is where synaptic vesicles are stored.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 17.The dendrites are the receptive regions of the neuron.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 18.Temporal summation is the summing from several different pre-synaptic neurons.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 19.Which type of post-synaptic potential causes hyperpolarization
- A.
Excitatory post-synaptic potential
- B.
Inhibitory post-synaptic potential
- C.
Action potential
- D.
Both can cause hyperpolarization
- 20.The gaps between schwann cells are called nodes of Ranvier.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 21.Which type of proprioceptors are found in ligaments and around joints.
- A.
Free nerve endings
- B.
Muscle spindles
- C.
Pacinian corpuscles
- D.
Golgi-type receptors
- 22.Which proprioceptor detects rate of joint rotation?
- A.
Golgi-type receptors
- B.
Golgi-tendon organ
- C.
Muscle spindles
- D.
Pecinian corpuscle
- 23.The muscle spindle is also known as the "length detector".
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 24.As a result of stimulation to the golgi tendon organ, excitatory neurons send ESPS to muscle fibers.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 25.Which proprioceptor is sensitive to touch and pressure?
- A.
Muscle spindle
- B.
Free nerve endings
- C.
Golgi tendon organ
- D.
Pacinian corpuscles
- 26.Where will you be able to find pacinian corpuscles?
- A.
In the skin
- B.
In muscles around joints
- C.
In tissues around joints
- D.
On tendons
- 27.
- A.
Acts as safety device that helps prevent excessive force during muscle contraction
- B.
Provides fiber length info to CNS
- C.
Monitors tension developed from muscle contraction
- D.
Helps in fine tuning of muscle strength
- 28.The muscle spindle causes the muscle to relax while the golgi tendon causes the muscle to contract.
- A.
.true
- B.
False
- 29.What happens during reciprocal inhibition?
- A.
Only inhibitory events occur
- B.
Excitatory events occur followed by inhibitory
- C.
Excitatory and inhibitory activities occur simultaneously
- D.
Only excitatory events occur
- 30.Somatic motor neurons also innervate glandular tissue (glands).
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 31.What is the function of the vestibular apparatus? (check all that apply)
- A.
Maintains general equilibrium
- B.
Incorporates feedback from proprioceptors
- C.
Controls head and eye movement
- D.
Senses changes in linear and angular acceleration
- E.
All of the above
- 32.Where is the vestibular apparatus located
- A.
Outer ear
- B.
Inner ear
- C.
Middle ear
- D.
In the cochlear
- 33.Presynaptic neurons always secrete acytocholine
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 34.Which brain structure connects the brain and spinal cord.
- A.
Medulla
- B.
Brain stem
- C.
Thalamus
- D.
Hypothalamus
- E.
None of the above
- 35.The ______ is responsible for cardiorespiratory control.
- A.
Cerebellum
- B.
Motorcortex
- C.
Autonomic cortex
- D.
Cerebrum
- E.
Brain stem
- 36.The cerebellum has connections to the motor cortex, brain stem, and spinal cord.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 37.The basal ganglia produces fast, ballistic movement.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 38.Which division of the ANS causes an increase in the salivary gland volume and a decrease in its viscosity.
- A.
Parasympathetic
- B.
Sympathetic
- 39.Viscosity of the saliva increases with exercise.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 40.The sympathetic division causes pupil constriction
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 41.The ____________ system causes an increase in glucose uptake for energy utilization.
- A.
Somatic
- B.
Parasympathetic
- C.
Sympathetic
- 42.Acytocholine is a cholinergic neurotransmitter
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 43.Sympathetic neurons have short preganglionic fibers and long postganglionic fibers.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 44.The autonomic nervous system is responsible for maintaining the constancy of the body's internal environment.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 45.Releasing norepinephrine tends to excite an organ.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 46.The first step in performing a voluntary movement occurs in the ________.
- A.
Association area of cerebrum
- B.
Motor cortex
- C.
Cerebellum
- D.
None of the above
- 47.The motor cortex is responsible for sending the information down to the association areas.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 48.The human body contains over ___ voluntary skeletal muscles.
- A.
500
- B.
300
- C.
400
- D.
600
- 49.What percent of all skeletal muscles constitute the total weight of the human body
- A.
30 to 40
- B.
40 to 50
- C.
20 to 30
- D.
50 to 60
- 50._________ is the neurotransmitter that stimulates the muscle to depolarize.
- A.
Norepinephrine
- B.
Dopamine
- C.
Acytocholine
- D.
Epinephrine
- 51.The sarcolemma is the membrane of a muscle fiber.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 52.The sacroplasmic reticulum is the storage site for _______.
- A.
ATP
- B.
Sodium (Na+)
- C.
Calcium (Ca2+)
- D.
Potassium (K+)
- E.
All of the above
- 53.Which band represents actin?
- A.
I
- B.
A
- C.
Z
- D.
M
- E.
H
- 54.Which band represents myosin and actin?
- A.
I
- B.
A
- C.
Z
- D.
M
- E.
H
- 55.The M line separates each sacromere.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 56.A ganglion is a site where the presynaptic neuron synapse with the postsynaptic neuron releasing acytocholine.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 57.The _______ surrounds bundles of muscle fibers
- A.
Myofibrils
- B.
Endomysium
- C.
Epimysium
- D.
Perimysium
- 58.The opening of Ca2+ channels in the axons results in what?
- A.
The release of AcH from the synaptic vesicles.
- B.
A depolarization of the neuron
- C.
Another action potential, just in case the first one didn't cause a contraction.
- D.
None of the above
- 59.Sends information back to the CNS about the metabolic rate of muscular activity.
- A.
Muscle chemoreceptors
- B.
Proprioceptors
- C.
Reflexes
- D.
Neurotransmitters
- 60.The maximum velocity of shortening is greatest at the highest force.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 61.Disorder of the basal ganglia may cause Parkinson's Disease.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 62.Spinal tuning deals with involuntary skeletal movement.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 63.Sympathetic neurons are found in the brain and sacral spinal cord and parasympathetic neurons are found in the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 64.The predominant energy system for type IIa muscles fibers is ___________
- A.
Aerobic
- B.
Anaerobic
- C.
A combination of aerobic and anaerobic
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