Exercise Physiology Trivia Facts! Quiz

A thrombus refers to a blood clot that forms within a blood vessel. It can cause chest pain because it restricts blood flow to the heart, leading to reduced oxygen supply. This can severely impair normal heart function, potentially causing heart failure. In some cases, a thrombus can lead to a heart attack called myocardial infarction, where a portion of the heart muscle is damaged or dies due to lack of blood flow. Therefore, all of the given options are correct as they describe different consequences of a thrombus.

Both heavy resistance training and straining type exercises can increase blood pressure dramatically. Heavy resistance training puts strain on the cardiovascular system, leading to an increase in blood pressure. Additionally, these exercises can compress peripheral arterioles, further contributing to the increase in blood pressure. For individuals with existing hypertension or coronary artery disease (CAD), this can pose a greater risk as it can exacerbate their condition. Therefore, the correct answer is both b and c.

After a bout of sustained light to moderate intensity exercise, the systolic blood pressure temporarily drops below pre-exercise levels for up to 12 hours. This is because during exercise, the heart pumps more blood to meet the increased demand for oxygen and nutrients in the muscles. As a result, the blood vessels dilate, allowing for increased blood flow and lowering the resistance to blood flow. After exercise, it takes some time for the blood vessels to return to their normal state, causing a temporary drop in systolic blood pressure. This drop usually lasts for up to 12 hours before returning to pre-exercise levels.

Blood pressure is determined by the amount of blood pumped by the heart (cardiac output) and the resistance encountered by the blood vessels (total peripheral resistance). When the heart pumps more blood and the resistance in the blood vessels is higher, the blood pressure increases. Therefore, the correct answer is "cardiac output multiplied by total peripheral resistance" because both factors contribute to determining blood pressure.

The rate pressure product is a measure of the oxygen demand of the heart and can be determined by multiplying the systolic blood pressure and heart rate. This is because the systolic blood pressure represents the force exerted on the walls of the arteries during the contraction of the heart, while the heart rate represents the number of times the heart beats per minute. Therefore, multiplying these two values provides an estimation of the oxygen demand of the heart.

The three mechanical factors that determine myocardial oxygen uptake are tension development within the myocardium, myocardial contractility, and heart rate. Tension development within the myocardium refers to the force generated by the contraction of the heart muscle. Myocardial contractility refers to the ability of the heart muscle to contract and pump blood effectively. Heart rate is the number of times the heart beats per minute. These factors collectively determine the amount of oxygen that the myocardium requires to function properly.