Anatomy & Physiology 1 Final (Just Questions)

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  • 1/84 Questions

    4. This is the sum of all cellular processes that occur in the body. 

    • Metabolism
    • Anabolism
    • Catabolism
    • Auscultation
    • Palpation
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About This Quiz

This Anatomy & Physiology 1 Final quiz assesses key concepts in human body functions and structures. It covers topics like tissue types, body processes, and system functions crucial for students of biology and medical sciences.

Anatomy & Physiology 1 Final (Just Questions) - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    7. In which cavity is the brain located? 

    • Cranial cavity

    • Vertebral cavity

    • Abdominal cavity

    • Pericardial cavity

    • Pleural cavity

    Correct Answer
    A. Cranial cavity
    Explanation
    The brain is located in the cranial cavity. The cranial cavity is a space within the skull that houses and protects the brain. It is surrounded by bones and lined with protective membranes called meninges. The cranial cavity also contains cerebrospinal fluid, which further cushions and supports the brain.

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  • 3. 

    9. In which cavity is the stomach located?

    • Cranial cavity

    • Vertebral cavity

    • Abdominal cavity

    • Pericardial cavity

    • Pleural cavity

    Correct Answer
    A. Abdominal cavity
    Explanation
    The stomach is located in the abdominal cavity. This cavity is located between the diaphragm and the pelvic cavity and contains many organs including the stomach, liver, intestines, and kidneys. The abdominal cavity is protected by the abdominal muscles and is responsible for digestion, absorption of nutrients, and elimination of waste.

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  • 4. 

    69. Bones in the following area protect the brain. 

    • Cranium

    • Vertebral column

    • Sacrum

    • Face

    • Ribcage

    Correct Answer
    A. Cranium
    Explanation
    The cranium is a part of the skull that protects the brain. It is a hard, bony structure that surrounds and encloses the brain, providing it with a strong protective barrier. The other options listed, such as the vertebral column, sacrum, face, and ribcage, do not directly protect the brain. The vertebral column protects the spinal cord, the sacrum is a bone at the base of the spine, the face protects the facial structures, and the ribcage protects the organs in the chest. Therefore, the correct answer is cranium.

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  • 5. 

    23. The subatomic particles that make up atoms include:    

    • Neutrons, quarks, muons

    • Protons, neutrons, electrons

    • Muons, positons, neutrons

    • Electrons, quarks, protons

    • Positons, protons, neutrons

    Correct Answer
    A. Protons, neutrons, electrons
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Protons, neutrons, electrons. Atoms are made up of three subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons have a positive charge, neutrons have no charge, and electrons have a negative charge. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus of the atom, while electrons orbit around the nucleus. These three particles are essential for the structure and behavior of atoms.

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  • 6. 

    11. Which cavity would include the heart? 

    • Cranial cavity

    • Vertebral cavity

    • Abdominal cavity

    • Pericardial cavity

    • Pleural cavity

    Correct Answer
    A. Pericardial cavity
    Explanation
    The pericardial cavity is the correct answer because it is the cavity that surrounds and contains the heart. The cranial cavity contains the brain, the vertebral cavity contains the spinal cord, the abdominal cavity contains the digestive organs, and the pleural cavity contains the lungs.

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  • 7. 

    66. Which type of the bone is the femur? 

    • Long bone

    • Short bone

    • Flat bone

    • Irregular bone

    • Sesamoid bone

    Correct Answer
    A. Long bone
    Explanation
    The femur is classified as a long bone. Long bones are characterized by their elongated shape and consist of a shaft (diaphysis) and two ends (epiphyses). The femur is the longest and strongest bone in the human body, located in the thigh region. It serves as a major weight-bearing bone and plays a crucial role in supporting the body and facilitating movement.

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  • 8. 

    16. This directional term mean farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk or farther from the origination of a structure.     

    • Deep

    • Contralateral

    • Lateral

    • Cephalic

    • Distal

    Correct Answer
    A. Distal
    Explanation
    Distal is the correct answer because it refers to a location that is farther away from the attachment point of a limb to the trunk or farther away from the origination of a structure. In anatomical terms, distal is used to describe the position of a body part that is further away from the point of reference.

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  • 9. 

    24. What region of an atom contains the protons and neutrons?    

    • Cloud

    • Nucleus

    • Element

    • Ring

    • Shell

    Correct Answer
    A. Nucleus
    Explanation
    The nucleus is the region of an atom that contains the protons and neutrons. Protons have a positive charge and neutrons have no charge, and together they make up the majority of an atom's mass. The nucleus is located at the center of the atom and is surrounded by the electron cloud, which contains the electrons.

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  • 10. 

    34. Which is the function of DNA?  

    • Produce chemical signals

    • Storage of energy

    • Transfer information for protein synthesis

    • Store information for protein synthesis

    • Transport of electrolytes

    Correct Answer
    A. Store information for protein synthesis
    Explanation
    DNA is responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information in living organisms. It contains the instructions for building and maintaining an organism, including the synthesis of proteins. Proteins are essential for various biological processes and functions in the body. Therefore, the function of DNA is to store the information needed for protein synthesis.

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  • 11. 

    46. Mitochondria 

    • Move the cell

    • Generate ATP

    • Produce proteins

    • Oxidize organelles

    • Synthesize glycolipids

    Correct Answer
    A. Generate ATP
    Explanation
    Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell because they generate ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the main source of energy for cellular processes. ATP is produced through a process called cellular respiration, which takes place in the mitochondria. This process involves the breakdown of glucose and other molecules to release energy in the form of ATP. Therefore, the correct answer is "generate ATP."

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  • 12. 

    5. List the basic processes of life. 

    • Metabolism

    • Responsiveness

    • Movement

    • Growth

    • Differentiation and reproduction

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "all of the above" because all of the listed processes (metabolism, responsiveness, movement, growth, differentiation, and reproduction) are considered to be basic processes of life. These processes are essential for the functioning and survival of living organisms. Metabolism refers to the chemical reactions that occur within an organism to maintain life, while responsiveness is the ability to respond to stimuli. Movement allows organisms to change position or move internal parts, growth refers to an increase in size or number of cells, differentiation is the process of cells becoming specialized, and reproduction is the ability to produce offspring.

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  • 13. 

    17. This directional term is the opposite of deep.

    • Superficial

    • Superior

    • Inferior

    • Distal

    • Proximal

    Correct Answer
    A. Superficial
    Explanation
    The term "superficial" refers to something that is near the surface or shallow. In the context of this question, it is the opposite of deep. Therefore, superficial is the correct answer.

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  • 14. 

    6. The systems that provide homeostasis are: 

    • Cardiovascular and Integumentary

    • Nervous system and Endocrine

    • Cardiovascular and Respiratory systems

    • Respiratory and Muscular systems

    • Urinary and Integumentary systems

    Correct Answer
    A. Nervous system and Endocrine
    Explanation
    The nervous system and endocrine system are responsible for maintaining homeostasis in the body. The nervous system controls and coordinates the body's activities through electrical signals, while the endocrine system regulates body functions through the release of hormones. Together, these systems work to maintain a stable internal environment by monitoring and adjusting various physiological processes such as temperature, blood pressure, and hormone levels.

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  • 15. 

    12. This plane divides the body into right and left halves. 

    • Frontal

    • Sagittal

    • Transverse

    • Oblique

    • Coronal

    Correct Answer
    A. Sagittal
    Explanation
    The plane that divides the body into right and left halves is called the sagittal plane. This plane runs vertically from front to back, dividing the body into symmetrical halves. The other options are not correct because the frontal plane divides the body into front and back halves, the transverse plane divides the body into upper and lower halves, the oblique plane cuts at an angle, and the coronal plane divides the body into front and back halves as well.

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  • 16. 

    30. Which of the following is a monosaccaride that is important in producing energy.  

    • Glucose

    • Sucrose

    • Lactose

    • Ribose

    • Deoxyribose

    Correct Answer
    A. Glucose
    Explanation
    Glucose is a monosaccharide that is important in producing energy. It is the primary source of energy for the body and is broken down during cellular respiration to release ATP, the energy currency of cells. Glucose is easily absorbed into the bloodstream and can be used immediately or stored for later use. It is found in many foods, especially carbohydrates, and is also produced by the body through the breakdown of other carbohydrates.

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  • 17. 

    47. Which of the following protects the contents of the nucleus? 

    • Nucleic acids

    • Nuclear membrane

    • Nuclear centrosome

    • Cilia

    • Golgi apparatus

    Correct Answer
    A. Nuclear membrane
    Explanation
    The nuclear membrane is a double-layered membrane that surrounds and protects the contents of the nucleus. It acts as a barrier, controlling the movement of molecules in and out of the nucleus. It also helps in maintaining the integrity and organization of the genetic material within the nucleus. Nucleic acids are the genetic material present in the nucleus, but they are not responsible for protecting its contents. The nuclear centrosome, cilia, and golgi apparatus are not directly involved in protecting the contents of the nucleus.

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  • 18. 

    53. The function of mitosis is 

    • Production of gametes

    • Create more cilia

    • Form flagella

    • Production of proteins

    • Production of new cells

    Correct Answer
    A. Production of new cells
    Explanation
    Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in the production of two genetically identical daughter cells. It is a crucial process for growth, repair, and maintenance of multicellular organisms. During mitosis, the chromosomes in the cell nucleus are evenly divided between the two daughter cells, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete set of chromosomes. Therefore, the function of mitosis is the production of new cells.

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  • 19. 

    29. A solution with a pH value smaller than 7 would be a(n)    

    • Base

    • Salt

    • Acid

    • Alkaline

    • Concentrate

    Correct Answer
    A. Acid
    Explanation
    A solution with a pH value smaller than 7 indicates that it is acidic. In the pH scale, values below 7 indicate acidity, while values above 7 indicate alkalinity. Therefore, the correct answer is acid.

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  • 20. 

    13. This plane divides the body into anterior and posterior halves. 

    • Frontal

    • Sagittal

    • Transverse

    • Oblique

    • Midsagittal

    Correct Answer
    A. Frontal
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Frontal. The frontal plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) halves. This plane is also known as the coronal plane. The other options are not correct because the sagittal plane divides the body into left and right halves, the transverse plane divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) halves, the oblique plane is at an angle to the other planes, and the midsagittal plane is a specific type of sagittal plane that divides the body into equal left and right halves.

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  • 21. 

    14. A transverse plane will cut a body or organ into 

    • Anterior and posterior

    • Left and Right

    • Superior and inferior

    • At an angle

    • Unequal left and right sides

    Correct Answer
    A. Superior and inferior
    Explanation
    A transverse plane is a horizontal plane that divides the body or organ into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions. This means that the plane cuts the body or organ into two parts, with one part located above the plane (superior) and the other part located below the plane (inferior).

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  • 22. 

    25. This is the number of protons or electrons.  

    • Mass number

    • Atomic number

    • Isotope

    • Valence shell

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Atomic number
    Explanation
    The atomic number of an element represents the number of protons or electrons in an atom. It is a unique identifier for each element and determines its position in the periodic table. The mass number, on the other hand, represents the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom. Isotope refers to different forms of an element with the same atomic number but different mass numbers. Valence shell refers to the outermost electron shell of an atom. Therefore, the correct answer is atomic number.

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  • 23. 

    35. Which is the function of ATP?

    • Produce electrical impulses

    • Transfers energy for cell functions

    • Transfer information for protein synthesis

    • Transport of fluids

    Correct Answer
    A. Transfers energy for cell functions
    Explanation
    ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is known as the "energy currency" of the cell. It is responsible for transferring energy within the cell, providing the necessary energy for various cellular functions such as muscle contraction, active transport of molecules, and synthesis of macromolecules. ATP releases energy when it is hydrolyzed to ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and inorganic phosphate, which can be used by the cell to fuel its metabolic reactions. Therefore, the correct answer is "Transfers energy for cell functions."

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  • 24. 

    2. This is defined as a group of cells with similar structures and function. 

    • Tissue

    • Organ

    • Molecules

    • Compounds

    • Organism

    Correct Answer
    A. Tissue
    Explanation
    Tissue is the correct answer because it refers to a group of cells that have similar structures and functions. Tissues are the building blocks of organs and are responsible for carrying out specific tasks within the body. They can be classified into four main types: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous. Each type of tissue has a specific structure and function that contributes to the overall functioning of the organ it is a part of. Therefore, tissue is the most appropriate choice for the given description.

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  • 25. 

    15. This directional term means farthest from the midline. 

    • Medial

    • Anterior

    • Proximal

    • Deep

    • Lateral

    Correct Answer
    A. Lateral
    Explanation
    Lateral is the correct answer because it refers to a position that is farthest from the midline. The term "medial" would mean closest to the midline, "anterior" would refer to the front, "proximal" would indicate a position closer to the point of attachment, "deep" would mean further inside, and none of these terms convey the meaning of being farthest from the midline. Therefore, the correct answer is "lateral".

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  • 26. 

    20. Which of the following organs is not found in the abdominal cavity?  

    • Stomach

    • Spleen

    • Liver

    • Gallbladder

    • Diaphragm

    Correct Answer
    A. Diaphragm
    Explanation
    The diaphragm is not found in the abdominal cavity. It is a dome-shaped muscle that separates the abdominal cavity from the thoracic cavity. The abdominal cavity contains organs such as the stomach, spleen, liver, and gallbladder, but the diaphragm is located above these organs, forming the bottom of the thoracic cavity and the top of the abdominal cavity.

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  • 27. 

    1. This is the study of the functions of body structures. 

    • Anatomy

    • Physiology

    • Dissection

    • Histology

    • Immunology

    Correct Answer
    A. Physiology
    Explanation
    Physiology is the study of the functions of body structures. It focuses on how different organs and systems work together to maintain the body's overall function and homeostasis. This includes understanding how cells, tissues, and organs function individually and in relation to each other. Physiology helps us understand the mechanisms behind various bodily processes such as digestion, respiration, circulation, and excretion. It also explores how these processes can be disrupted in disease states and how they can be regulated or manipulated for therapeutic purposes.

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  • 28. 

    61. This pigment absorbs ultraviolet light. 

    • Keratin

    • Melanin

    • Melatonin

    • Carotene

    • Nigrosin

    Correct Answer
    A. Melanin
    Explanation
    Melanin is a pigment that is responsible for the color of our hair, skin, and eyes. It is produced by cells called melanocytes and serves as a protective mechanism against the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. When our skin is exposed to UV light, melanin absorbs the energy and helps to prevent damage to our DNA. This is why people with more melanin in their skin have a lower risk of developing skin cancer compared to those with less melanin. Therefore, melanin is the correct answer because it absorbs ultraviolet light.

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  • 29. 

    76. These are the contractile organelles of the muscle fiber. 

    • Myofibrils

    • Myoglobin

    • Mitochondria

    • Z disc

    • M line

    Correct Answer
    A. Myofibrils
    Explanation
    Myofibrils are the contractile organelles of the muscle fiber. They are composed of thick and thin filaments, which are responsible for muscle contraction. Myofibrils are organized into repeating units called sarcomeres, which give skeletal muscle its striated appearance. These sarcomeres contain the proteins actin and myosin, which interact to generate the force needed for muscle contraction. Therefore, myofibrils are the correct answer to this question.

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  • 30. 

    27. A solute that dissolves in water is.  

    • Hydrophobic

    • Hydrostatic

    • Hydroamoure

    • Hydrophillic

    • Hydrozone

    Correct Answer
    A. Hydrophillic
    Explanation
    A solute that dissolves in water is hydrophilic. This means that it has an affinity for water and can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Hydrophobic substances, on the other hand, do not dissolve in water and are repelled by water. Hydrostatic, hydroamoure, and hydrozone are not relevant terms in this context.

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  • 31. 

    55. Which of the following is not one of the main tissue types found in the human body? 

    • Epithelial

    • Connective

    • Myocardial

    • Muscle

    • Nervous

    Correct Answer
    A. Myocardial
    Explanation
    The correct answer is myocardial. Myocardial tissue refers specifically to the muscle tissue found in the heart. The main tissue types found in the human body are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues. Myocardial tissue is a specialized type of muscle tissue that is unique to the heart and is not considered one of the main tissue types found in the human body.

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  • 32. 

    28. In a typical body solution, the solvent is.

    • Glucose

    • Lipids

    • Carbon dioxide

    • Water

    • Electrolyte

    Correct Answer
    A. Water
    Explanation
    In a typical body solution, the solvent is water. Water is the most abundant substance in the body and plays a crucial role in various biological processes. It acts as a solvent, meaning it can dissolve and transport other substances such as glucose, electrolytes, and lipids. Water also helps regulate body temperature, lubricates joints, and aids in digestion and absorption of nutrients. Therefore, water is the correct answer for the solvent in a typical body solution.

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  • 33. 

    8. In which cavity are the lungs located? 

    • Cranial cavity

    • Vertebral cavity

    • Abdominal cavity

    • Pericardial cavity

    • Pleural cavity

    Correct Answer
    A. Pleural cavity
    Explanation
    The lungs are located in the pleural cavity. The pleural cavity is a space between the two layers of the pleura, a membrane that surrounds the lungs. It is a sealed cavity that helps protect and support the lungs by providing a lubricated surface for movement during breathing. The pleural cavity also helps maintain the pressure within the lungs, allowing them to expand and contract properly.

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  • 34. 

    39. This is a measure of a solutions ability to change the volume of cells by altering their water content.    

    • Hyperness

    • Hyponess

    • Tonicity

    • Pressure

    • Facilitation

    Correct Answer
    A. Tonicity
    Explanation
    Tonicity refers to the ability of a solution to change the volume of cells by altering their water content. It is a measure of the concentration of solutes in a solution compared to the concentration of solutes inside the cell. If a solution has a higher concentration of solutes than the cell, it is hypertonic and will cause the cell to lose water and shrink. If the solution has a lower concentration of solutes than the cell, it is hypotonic and will cause the cell to gain water and swell. Tonicity plays a crucial role in maintaining cell shape and function.

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  • 35. 

    22. What are the major elements found in the body?    

    • Nitrogen, oxygen, calcium, sodium

    • Hydrogen, carbon, phosphorus, calcium

    • Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

    • Oxygen, nitrogen, potassium, calcium

    • Potassium, phosphorus, sodium, hydrogen

    Correct Answer
    A. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
    Explanation
    The major elements found in the body are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. These elements are essential for the formation of organic compounds such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, which are the building blocks of life. Carbon is the backbone of organic molecules, hydrogen and oxygen are present in water and other compounds, and nitrogen is a key component of proteins and nucleic acids. These elements play crucial roles in various biological processes and are necessary for the functioning of cells and tissues in the body.

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  • 36. 

    10. This cavity is inferior to the abdominopelvic cavity

    • Vertebral canal

    • Cranial cavity

    • Abdominal cavity

    • Pericardial cavity

    • Pelvic cavity

    Correct Answer
    A. Pelvic cavity
    Explanation
    The given statement suggests that the pelvic cavity is positioned below or lower than the abdominopelvic cavity. Among the options provided, the pelvic cavity is the only one that fits this description. The vertebral canal, cranial cavity, abdominal cavity, and pericardial cavity are not positioned inferior to the abdominopelvic cavity. Therefore, the correct answer is the pelvic cavity.

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  • 37. 

    18. Choose the directional term that would make the sentence correct. the heart is ______ to the liver.    

    • Inferior

    • Anterior

    • Contralateral

    • Superior

    • Superficial

    Correct Answer
    A. Superior
    Explanation
    The heart is located above or superior to the liver in the body.

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  • 38. 

    56. Epithelial tissue 

    • Is used as a covering

    • Is used as a lining

    • Is used in glands

    • Has a free surface

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above
    Explanation
    Epithelial tissue is a type of tissue that is used as a covering for organs and surfaces, as a lining for body cavities and vessels, and is also found in glands. It is characterized by having a free surface, which allows for absorption, secretion, and protection. Therefore, the correct answer is "All of the above" as all the statements mentioned are true for epithelial tissue.

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  • 39. 

    62. Albinism 

    • Is the absence of melanin

    • Is the absence of carotene

    • Is the absence of both melanin and carotene

    • Is the absence of keratin

    • Is the absence of thick skin

    Correct Answer
    A. Is the absence of melanin
    Explanation
    Albinism is a genetic condition characterized by the absence of melanin, which is the pigment responsible for the color of the skin, hair, and eyes. People with albinism have very light or white hair, skin, and eyes due to the lack of melanin production. This condition can also affect the development and functioning of the eyes, leading to vision problems. Therefore, the correct answer is "Is the absence of melanin."

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  • 40. 

    64. This is the shaft of a long bone. 

    • Diaphysis

    • Epiphysis

    • Metaphysis

    • Periosteum

    • Marrow

    Correct Answer
    A. Diaphysis
    Explanation
    The shaft of a long bone is known as the diaphysis. It is the long, cylindrical, and main portion of the bone, located between the two ends called epiphysis. The diaphysis is responsible for providing support and stability to the bone, as well as serving as a site for the attachment of muscles and ligaments. It also contains the medullary cavity, which is filled with bone marrow. The other options (epiphysis, metaphysis, periosteum, and marrow) are not specifically related to the shaft of a long bone.

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  • 41. 

    71. Which of the following do the pelvic girdles articulate with? 

    • Vertebral column

    • Humerus

    • Sacrum

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Sacrum
    Explanation
    The pelvic girdles articulate with the sacrum. The pelvic girdles are a set of bones that connect the lower limbs to the axial skeleton. They form a ring-like structure that supports the weight of the upper body and transfers it to the lower limbs. The sacrum is a triangular bone located at the base of the spine, and it articulates with the pelvic girdles at the sacroiliac joints. This joint provides stability and allows for limited movement between the pelvic girdles and the sacrum.

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  • 42. 

    51. Normally how long does the G2 phase last? 

    • 8 hours

    • 4-6 hours

    • 2 hours

    • 24 hours

    • 1 day

    Correct Answer
    A. 4-6 hours
    Explanation
    The G2 phase is the third phase of the cell cycle, following the S phase. It is a relatively short phase that occurs after DNA replication in the S phase and before cell division in the M phase. During the G2 phase, the cell prepares for division by synthesizing proteins and organelles. The correct answer, 4-6 hours, represents the typical duration of the G2 phase in most cells.

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  • 43. 

    36. What monomer is use to build RNA and DNA?  

    • Fatty acid

    • Amino acid

    • Glucose

    • Glycerol

    • Nucleotide

    Correct Answer
    A. Nucleotide
    Explanation
    Nucleotides are the monomers used to build RNA and DNA. Nucleotides consist of a sugar molecule (ribose in RNA and deoxyribose in DNA), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA). These monomers are linked together through phosphodiester bonds to form the backbone of the DNA and RNA molecules.

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  • 44. 

    43. This organelle contains ribosomes, which synthesis proteins 

    • Rough endoplasmic reticulum

    • Cytosol

    • Nucleus

    • Centriole

    • Mitochondria

    Correct Answer
    A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
    Explanation
    The rough endoplasmic reticulum is the correct answer because it is an organelle that contains ribosomes, which are responsible for protein synthesis. The rough endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the production, folding, and transport of proteins within the cell. It is called "rough" because of the ribosomes attached to its surface, which give it a bumpy appearance under a microscope.

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  • 45. 

    31. The major energy storage polysaccharide in humans is  

    • Cellulose

    • Ribose

    • Lipids

    • Fats

    • Glycogen

    Correct Answer
    A. Glycogen
    Explanation
    Glycogen is the major energy storage polysaccharide in humans. It is a highly branched polymer made up of glucose molecules. It is primarily stored in the liver and muscles and serves as a readily available source of glucose during times of energy need. Glycogen is broken down into glucose through a process called glycogenolysis, which is regulated by hormones such as insulin and glucagon. This glucose can then be used for energy production in cells throughout the body.

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  • 46. 

    78. Which of the following is not a function of the nervous system? 

    • Sensory function

    • Integrative function

    • Motor function

    • All are functions of the nervous system

    Correct Answer
    A. All are functions of the nervous system
    Explanation
    The correct answer is that all of the options listed are functions of the nervous system. The sensory function involves receiving and transmitting information from the senses to the brain. The integrative function involves processing and interpreting the information received from the senses. The motor function involves sending signals from the brain to the muscles to produce movement. Therefore, all three options are valid functions of the nervous system.

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  • 47. 

    33. Which is the function of RNA?    

    • Produce electrical impulses

    • Storage of energy

    • Transfer information for protein synthesis

    • Strore information for protein synthesis

    • Transport of fluids

    Correct Answer
    A. Transfer information for protein synthesis
    Explanation
    RNA functions as a molecule that transfers genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm, where it is used as a template for protein synthesis. This process is known as transcription and translation. RNA acts as an intermediary between DNA and proteins, carrying the instructions for the amino acid sequence of a protein. Therefore, the correct answer is "transfer information for protein synthesis."

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  • 48. 

    44. This is an organelle that modifies proteins produced elsewhere. 

    • Endoplasmic reticulum

    • Golgi body

    • Peroxisomes

    • Nucleus

    • Proteasome

    Correct Answer
    A. Golgi body
    Explanation
    The Golgi body is an organelle that modifies proteins produced elsewhere in the cell. It receives proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and further processes and packages them for transport to their final destination within or outside the cell. The Golgi body adds carbohydrate chains to proteins to form glycoproteins and also sorts and packages proteins into vesicles for secretion or for use within the cell. Therefore, the Golgi body is responsible for modifying and processing proteins before they are transported to their functional locations.

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  • 49. 

    21.This covers the viscera within the thoracic and abdominal cavities and lines the walls of the thorax and abdomen.

    • Pericardium

    • Pleura

    • Mediastinum

    • Diaphragm

    • Serous membrane

    Correct Answer
    A. Serous membrane
    Explanation
    A serous membrane is a thin tissue that covers the internal organs within the thoracic and abdominal cavities and also lines the walls of the thorax and abdomen. It consists of two layers, the parietal layer which lines the walls of the cavities, and the visceral layer which covers the organs. The serous membrane produces a lubricating fluid that allows the organs to move smoothly within the cavities. This membrane plays an important role in protecting and supporting the organs and helps reduce friction during movement.

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