Anatomy & Physiology 1 Final (Just Questions)
Cover exam 1-4
Questions and Answers
- 1.
1. This is the study of the functions of body structures.
- A.
Anatomy
- B.
Physiology
- C.
Dissection
- D.
Histology
- E.
Immunology
Correct Answer
B. PhysiologyExplanation
Physiology is the study of the functions of body structures. It focuses on how different organs and systems work together to maintain the body's overall function and homeostasis. This includes understanding how cells, tissues, and organs function individually and in relation to each other. Physiology helps us understand the mechanisms behind various bodily processes such as digestion, respiration, circulation, and excretion. It also explores how these processes can be disrupted in disease states and how they can be regulated or manipulated for therapeutic purposes.Rate this question:
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- 2.
2. This is defined as a group of cells with similar structures and function.
- A.
Tissue
- B.
Organ
- C.
Molecules
- D.
Compounds
- E.
Organism
Correct Answer
A. TissueExplanation
Tissue is the correct answer because it refers to a group of cells that have similar structures and functions. Tissues are the building blocks of organs and are responsible for carrying out specific tasks within the body. They can be classified into four main types: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous. Each type of tissue has a specific structure and function that contributes to the overall functioning of the organ it is a part of. Therefore, tissue is the most appropriate choice for the given description.Rate this question:
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- 3.
3. Percussion techniques can be used to determine
- A.
Heart beats
- B.
Pulse rate
- C.
Amplify sounds
- D.
Fluid in the lungs
- E.
Enlarged organs
Correct Answer
D. Fluid in the lungsExplanation
Percussion techniques involve tapping or striking the body to produce sound waves that can be used to assess the underlying structures and conditions. By using these techniques, healthcare professionals can determine the presence of abnormal fluid accumulation in the lungs. The sound produced during percussion can indicate the presence of fluid-filled areas, which may be a sign of conditions such as pneumonia or congestive heart failure. Therefore, percussion techniques can be used as a diagnostic tool to detect fluid in the lungs.Rate this question:
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- 4.
4. This is the sum of all cellular processes that occur in the body.
- A.
Metabolism
- B.
Anabolism
- C.
Catabolism
- D.
Auscultation
- E.
Palpation
Correct Answer
A. MetabolismExplanation
Metabolism refers to the sum of all cellular processes that occur in the body, including the conversion of food into energy, the synthesis of molecules, and the breakdown of substances. Anabolism and catabolism are two specific processes that contribute to metabolism, with anabolism involving the building up of complex molecules and catabolism involving the breaking down of molecules for energy. Auscultation and palpation, on the other hand, are medical examination techniques unrelated to cellular processes. Therefore, the correct answer is Metabolism.Rate this question:
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- 5.
5. List the basic processes of life.
- A.
Metabolism
- B.
Responsiveness
- C.
Movement
- D.
Growth
- E.
Differentiation and reproduction
- F.
All of the above
Correct Answer
F. All of the aboveExplanation
The correct answer is "all of the above" because all of the listed processes (metabolism, responsiveness, movement, growth, differentiation, and reproduction) are considered to be basic processes of life. These processes are essential for the functioning and survival of living organisms. Metabolism refers to the chemical reactions that occur within an organism to maintain life, while responsiveness is the ability to respond to stimuli. Movement allows organisms to change position or move internal parts, growth refers to an increase in size or number of cells, differentiation is the process of cells becoming specialized, and reproduction is the ability to produce offspring.Rate this question:
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- 6.
6. The systems that provide homeostasis are:
- A.
Cardiovascular and Integumentary
- B.
Nervous system and Endocrine
- C.
Cardiovascular and Respiratory systems
- D.
Respiratory and Muscular systems
- E.
Urinary and Integumentary systems
Correct Answer
B. Nervous system and EndocrineExplanation
The nervous system and endocrine system are responsible for maintaining homeostasis in the body. The nervous system controls and coordinates the body's activities through electrical signals, while the endocrine system regulates body functions through the release of hormones. Together, these systems work to maintain a stable internal environment by monitoring and adjusting various physiological processes such as temperature, blood pressure, and hormone levels.Rate this question:
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- 7.
7. In which cavity is the brain located?
- A.
Cranial cavity
- B.
Vertebral cavity
- C.
Abdominal cavity
- D.
Pericardial cavity
- E.
Pleural cavity
Correct Answer
A. Cranial cavityExplanation
The brain is located in the cranial cavity. The cranial cavity is a space within the skull that houses and protects the brain. It is surrounded by bones and lined with protective membranes called meninges. The cranial cavity also contains cerebrospinal fluid, which further cushions and supports the brain.Rate this question:
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- 8.
8. In which cavity are the lungs located?
- A.
Cranial cavity
- B.
Vertebral cavity
- C.
Abdominal cavity
- D.
Pericardial cavity
- E.
Pleural cavity
Correct Answer
E. Pleural cavityExplanation
The lungs are located in the pleural cavity. The pleural cavity is a space between the two layers of the pleura, a membrane that surrounds the lungs. It is a sealed cavity that helps protect and support the lungs by providing a lubricated surface for movement during breathing. The pleural cavity also helps maintain the pressure within the lungs, allowing them to expand and contract properly.Rate this question:
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- 9.
9. In which cavity is the stomach located?
- A.
Cranial cavity
- B.
Vertebral cavity
- C.
Abdominal cavity
- D.
Pericardial cavity
- E.
Pleural cavity
Correct Answer
C. Abdominal cavityExplanation
The stomach is located in the abdominal cavity. This cavity is located between the diaphragm and the pelvic cavity and contains many organs including the stomach, liver, intestines, and kidneys. The abdominal cavity is protected by the abdominal muscles and is responsible for digestion, absorption of nutrients, and elimination of waste.Rate this question:
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- 10.
10. This cavity is inferior to the abdominopelvic cavity
- A.
Vertebral canal
- B.
Cranial cavity
- C.
Abdominal cavity
- D.
Pericardial cavity
- E.
Pelvic cavity
Correct Answer
E. Pelvic cavityExplanation
The given statement suggests that the pelvic cavity is positioned below or lower than the abdominopelvic cavity. Among the options provided, the pelvic cavity is the only one that fits this description. The vertebral canal, cranial cavity, abdominal cavity, and pericardial cavity are not positioned inferior to the abdominopelvic cavity. Therefore, the correct answer is the pelvic cavity.Rate this question:
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- 11.
11. Which cavity would include the heart?
- A.
Cranial cavity
- B.
Vertebral cavity
- C.
Abdominal cavity
- D.
Pericardial cavity
- E.
Pleural cavity
Correct Answer
D. Pericardial cavityExplanation
The pericardial cavity is the correct answer because it is the cavity that surrounds and contains the heart. The cranial cavity contains the brain, the vertebral cavity contains the spinal cord, the abdominal cavity contains the digestive organs, and the pleural cavity contains the lungs.Rate this question:
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- 12.
12. This plane divides the body into right and left halves.
- A.
Frontal
- B.
Sagittal
- C.
Transverse
- D.
Oblique
- E.
Coronal
Correct Answer
B. SagittalExplanation
The plane that divides the body into right and left halves is called the sagittal plane. This plane runs vertically from front to back, dividing the body into symmetrical halves. The other options are not correct because the frontal plane divides the body into front and back halves, the transverse plane divides the body into upper and lower halves, the oblique plane cuts at an angle, and the coronal plane divides the body into front and back halves as well.Rate this question:
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- 13.
13. This plane divides the body into anterior and posterior halves.
- A.
Frontal
- B.
Sagittal
- C.
Transverse
- D.
Oblique
- E.
Midsagittal
Correct Answer
A. FrontalExplanation
The correct answer is Frontal. The frontal plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) halves. This plane is also known as the coronal plane. The other options are not correct because the sagittal plane divides the body into left and right halves, the transverse plane divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) halves, the oblique plane is at an angle to the other planes, and the midsagittal plane is a specific type of sagittal plane that divides the body into equal left and right halves.Rate this question:
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- 14.
14. A transverse plane will cut a body or organ into
- A.
Anterior and posterior
- B.
Left and Right
- C.
Superior and inferior
- D.
At an angle
- E.
Unequal left and right sides
Correct Answer
C. Superior and inferiorExplanation
A transverse plane is a horizontal plane that divides the body or organ into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions. This means that the plane cuts the body or organ into two parts, with one part located above the plane (superior) and the other part located below the plane (inferior).Rate this question:
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- 15.
15. This directional term means farthest from the midline.
- A.
Medial
- B.
Anterior
- C.
Proximal
- D.
Deep
- E.
Lateral
Correct Answer
E. LateralExplanation
Lateral is the correct answer because it refers to a position that is farthest from the midline. The term "medial" would mean closest to the midline, "anterior" would refer to the front, "proximal" would indicate a position closer to the point of attachment, "deep" would mean further inside, and none of these terms convey the meaning of being farthest from the midline. Therefore, the correct answer is "lateral".Rate this question:
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- 16.
17. This directional term is the opposite of deep.
- A.
Superficial
- B.
Superior
- C.
Inferior
- D.
Distal
- E.
Proximal
Correct Answer
A. SuperficialExplanation
The term "superficial" refers to something that is near the surface or shallow. In the context of this question, it is the opposite of deep. Therefore, superficial is the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 17.
16. This directional term mean farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk or farther from the origination of a structure.
- A.
Deep
- B.
Contralateral
- C.
Lateral
- D.
Cephalic
- E.
Distal
Correct Answer
E. DistalExplanation
Distal is the correct answer because it refers to a location that is farther away from the attachment point of a limb to the trunk or farther away from the origination of a structure. In anatomical terms, distal is used to describe the position of a body part that is further away from the point of reference.Rate this question:
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- 18.
18. Choose the directional term that would make the sentence correct. the heart is ______ to the liver.
- A.
Inferior
- B.
Anterior
- C.
Contralateral
- D.
Superior
- E.
Superficial
Correct Answer
D. SuperiorExplanation
The heart is located above or superior to the liver in the body.Rate this question:
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- 19.
19. Choose the directional term that would make the sentence correct. The sternum is ______ to the heart.
- A.
Posterior
- B.
Anterior
- C.
Inferior
- D.
Superior
- E.
Lateral
Correct Answer
B. AnteriorExplanation
The sternum is anterior to the heart because it is located in front of the heart. Anterior refers to the front or forward direction, while posterior refers to the back or rear direction. Inferior refers to a position below or lower than another structure, superior refers to a position above or higher than another structure, and lateral refers to a position to the side of another structure.Rate this question:
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- 20.
20. Which of the following organs is not found in the abdominal cavity?
- A.
Stomach
- B.
Spleen
- C.
Liver
- D.
Gallbladder
- E.
Diaphragm
Correct Answer
E. DiaphragmExplanation
The diaphragm is not found in the abdominal cavity. It is a dome-shaped muscle that separates the abdominal cavity from the thoracic cavity. The abdominal cavity contains organs such as the stomach, spleen, liver, and gallbladder, but the diaphragm is located above these organs, forming the bottom of the thoracic cavity and the top of the abdominal cavity.Rate this question:
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- 21.
21.This covers the viscera within the thoracic and abdominal cavities and lines the walls of the thorax and abdomen.
- A.
Pericardium
- B.
Pleura
- C.
Mediastinum
- D.
Diaphragm
- E.
Serous membrane
Correct Answer
E. Serous membraneExplanation
A serous membrane is a thin tissue that covers the internal organs within the thoracic and abdominal cavities and also lines the walls of the thorax and abdomen. It consists of two layers, the parietal layer which lines the walls of the cavities, and the visceral layer which covers the organs. The serous membrane produces a lubricating fluid that allows the organs to move smoothly within the cavities. This membrane plays an important role in protecting and supporting the organs and helps reduce friction during movement.Rate this question:
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- 22.
22. What are the major elements found in the body?
- A.
Nitrogen, oxygen, calcium, sodium
- B.
Hydrogen, carbon, phosphorus, calcium
- C.
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
- D.
Oxygen, nitrogen, potassium, calcium
- E.
Potassium, phosphorus, sodium, hydrogen
Correct Answer
C. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogenExplanation
The major elements found in the body are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. These elements are essential for the formation of organic compounds such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, which are the building blocks of life. Carbon is the backbone of organic molecules, hydrogen and oxygen are present in water and other compounds, and nitrogen is a key component of proteins and nucleic acids. These elements play crucial roles in various biological processes and are necessary for the functioning of cells and tissues in the body.Rate this question:
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- 23.
23. The subatomic particles that make up atoms include:
- A.
Neutrons, quarks, muons
- B.
Protons, neutrons, electrons
- C.
Muons, positons, neutrons
- D.
Electrons, quarks, protons
- E.
Positons, protons, neutrons
Correct Answer
B. Protons, neutrons, electronsExplanation
The correct answer is Protons, neutrons, electrons. Atoms are made up of three subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons have a positive charge, neutrons have no charge, and electrons have a negative charge. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus of the atom, while electrons orbit around the nucleus. These three particles are essential for the structure and behavior of atoms.Rate this question:
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- 24.
24. What region of an atom contains the protons and neutrons?
- A.
Cloud
- B.
Nucleus
- C.
Element
- D.
Ring
- E.
Shell
Correct Answer
B. NucleusExplanation
The nucleus is the region of an atom that contains the protons and neutrons. Protons have a positive charge and neutrons have no charge, and together they make up the majority of an atom's mass. The nucleus is located at the center of the atom and is surrounded by the electron cloud, which contains the electrons.Rate this question:
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- 25.
25. This is the number of protons or electrons.
- A.
Mass number
- B.
Atomic number
- C.
Isotope
- D.
Valence shell
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. Atomic numberExplanation
The atomic number of an element represents the number of protons or electrons in an atom. It is a unique identifier for each element and determines its position in the periodic table. The mass number, on the other hand, represents the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom. Isotope refers to different forms of an element with the same atomic number but different mass numbers. Valence shell refers to the outermost electron shell of an atom. Therefore, the correct answer is atomic number.Rate this question:
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- 26.
26. An enzyme acts to
- A.
Raise the activation energy needed
- B.
Lower the activation energy needed
- C.
Convert the activation energy into potential
- D.
Convert the activation energy into kinetic
- E.
Break a chemical reaction
Correct Answer
B. Lower the activation energy neededExplanation
Enzymes lower the activation energy needed for a chemical reaction to occur. Activation energy is the energy required to break the bonds of the reactant molecules and initiate the reaction. By lowering this energy barrier, enzymes speed up the reaction rate by allowing it to occur more easily. Enzymes achieve this by binding to the reactant molecules and stabilizing their transition state, making it easier for the reaction to proceed. Therefore, the correct answer is "Lower the activation energy needed."Rate this question:
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- 27.
27. A solute that dissolves in water is.
- A.
Hydrophobic
- B.
Hydrostatic
- C.
Hydroamoure
- D.
Hydrophillic
- E.
Hydrozone
Correct Answer
D. HydrophillicExplanation
A solute that dissolves in water is hydrophilic. This means that it has an affinity for water and can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Hydrophobic substances, on the other hand, do not dissolve in water and are repelled by water. Hydrostatic, hydroamoure, and hydrozone are not relevant terms in this context.Rate this question:
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- 28.
51. Normally how long does the G2 phase last?
- A.
8 hours
- B.
4-6 hours
- C.
2 hours
- D.
24 hours
- E.
1 day
Correct Answer
B. 4-6 hoursExplanation
The G2 phase is the third phase of the cell cycle, following the S phase. It is a relatively short phase that occurs after DNA replication in the S phase and before cell division in the M phase. During the G2 phase, the cell prepares for division by synthesizing proteins and organelles. The correct answer, 4-6 hours, represents the typical duration of the G2 phase in most cells.Rate this question:
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- 29.
52. During this phase the chromatin fibers condense and shorten into chromosomes that are visible under the microscope.
- A.
Interphase
- B.
Prophase
- C.
Metaphase
- D.
Anaphase
- E.
Telophase
Correct Answer
B. ProphaseExplanation
During prophase, the chromatin fibers condense and shorten into visible chromosomes. This is the first stage of mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down, the nucleolus disappears, and the spindle fibers begin to form. The condensation of chromatin allows for easier separation and movement of genetic material during cell division. Therefore, prophase is the correct answer as it best describes the process mentioned in the question.Rate this question:
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- 30.
53. The function of mitosis is
- A.
Production of gametes
- B.
Create more cilia
- C.
Form flagella
- D.
Production of proteins
- E.
Production of new cells
Correct Answer
E. Production of new cellsExplanation
Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in the production of two genetically identical daughter cells. It is a crucial process for growth, repair, and maintenance of multicellular organisms. During mitosis, the chromosomes in the cell nucleus are evenly divided between the two daughter cells, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete set of chromosomes. Therefore, the function of mitosis is the production of new cells.Rate this question:
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- 31.
54. During this phase a cleavage furrow forms.
- A.
Interphase
- B.
Prophase
- C.
Metaphase
- D.
Anaphase
- E.
Telophase
Correct Answer
D. AnaphaseExplanation
During anaphase, the sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. This is facilitated by the formation of a cleavage furrow, which is a groove that forms around the equator of the cell. The cleavage furrow gradually deepens and eventually leads to the physical separation of the two daughter cells during cytokinesis. Therefore, the formation of a cleavage furrow is a characteristic event of anaphase.Rate this question:
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- 32.
55. Which of the following is not one of the main tissue types found in the human body?
- A.
Epithelial
- B.
Connective
- C.
Myocardial
- D.
Muscle
- E.
Nervous
Correct Answer
C. MyocardialExplanation
The correct answer is myocardial. Myocardial tissue refers specifically to the muscle tissue found in the heart. The main tissue types found in the human body are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues. Myocardial tissue is a specialized type of muscle tissue that is unique to the heart and is not considered one of the main tissue types found in the human body.Rate this question:
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- 33.
28. In a typical body solution, the solvent is.
- A.
Glucose
- B.
Lipids
- C.
Carbon dioxide
- D.
Water
- E.
Electrolyte
Correct Answer
D. WaterExplanation
In a typical body solution, the solvent is water. Water is the most abundant substance in the body and plays a crucial role in various biological processes. It acts as a solvent, meaning it can dissolve and transport other substances such as glucose, electrolytes, and lipids. Water also helps regulate body temperature, lubricates joints, and aids in digestion and absorption of nutrients. Therefore, water is the correct answer for the solvent in a typical body solution.Rate this question:
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- 34.
56. Epithelial tissue
- A.
Is used as a covering
- B.
Is used as a lining
- C.
Is used in glands
- D.
Has a free surface
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
Epithelial tissue is a type of tissue that is used as a covering for organs and surfaces, as a lining for body cavities and vessels, and is also found in glands. It is characterized by having a free surface, which allows for absorption, secretion, and protection. Therefore, the correct answer is "All of the above" as all the statements mentioned are true for epithelial tissue.Rate this question:
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- 35.
57. This tissue is found lining the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels.
- A.
Simple squamous epithelial
- B.
Simple cuboidal epithelial
- C.
Stratified squamous epithelial
- D.
Stratified cuboidal epithelial
- E.
Simple columnar epithelial
Correct Answer
A. Simple squamous epithelialExplanation
Simple squamous epithelial tissue is a single layer of flat cells that form a thin and smooth lining in various parts of the body, including the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels. This type of tissue is well-suited for diffusion and filtration, as it allows for easy passage of substances through its thin structure. Its flat shape also allows for a large surface area, which is beneficial for processes like gas exchange and absorption. Therefore, simple squamous epithelial tissue is the correct answer for this question.Rate this question:
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- 36.
29. A solution with a pH value smaller than 7 would be a(n)
- A.
Base
- B.
Salt
- C.
Acid
- D.
Alkaline
- E.
Concentrate
Correct Answer
C. AcidExplanation
A solution with a pH value smaller than 7 indicates that it is acidic. In the pH scale, values below 7 indicate acidity, while values above 7 indicate alkalinity. Therefore, the correct answer is acid.Rate this question:
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- 37.
30. Which of the following is a monosaccaride that is important in producing energy.
- A.
Glucose
- B.
Sucrose
- C.
Lactose
- D.
Ribose
- E.
Deoxyribose
Correct Answer
A. GlucoseExplanation
Glucose is a monosaccharide that is important in producing energy. It is the primary source of energy for the body and is broken down during cellular respiration to release ATP, the energy currency of cells. Glucose is easily absorbed into the bloodstream and can be used immediately or stored for later use. It is found in many foods, especially carbohydrates, and is also produced by the body through the breakdown of other carbohydrates.Rate this question:
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- 38.
58. This tissue forms the most superficial layer of the skin.
- A.
Simple squamous epithelial
- B.
Simple cuboidal epithelial
- C.
Stratified squamous epithelial
- D.
Stratified cuboidal epithelial
- E.
Simple columnar epithelial
Correct Answer
C. Stratified squamous epithelialExplanation
Stratified squamous epithelial tissue is the correct answer because it forms the outermost layer of the skin, known as the epidermis. This tissue is composed of multiple layers of flat, scale-like cells that provide protection against mechanical stress, dehydration, and pathogens. It is found in areas of the body that experience a lot of wear and tear, such as the outer layer of the skin, the lining of the mouth, and the esophagus.Rate this question:
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- 39.
31. The major energy storage polysaccharide in humans is
- A.
Cellulose
- B.
Ribose
- C.
Lipids
- D.
Fats
- E.
Glycogen
Correct Answer
E. GlycogenExplanation
Glycogen is the major energy storage polysaccharide in humans. It is a highly branched polymer made up of glucose molecules. It is primarily stored in the liver and muscles and serves as a readily available source of glucose during times of energy need. Glycogen is broken down into glucose through a process called glycogenolysis, which is regulated by hormones such as insulin and glucagon. This glucose can then be used for energy production in cells throughout the body.Rate this question:
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- 40.
32. Which of the following is a purine?
- A.
Cytosine
- B.
Guanine
- C.
Thymine
- D.
Ribose
- E.
Phosphate
Correct Answer
B. GuanineExplanation
Guanine is a purine because it contains a double-ring structure consisting of a pyrimidine ring fused with an imidazole ring. Purines are one of the two types of nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA, with the other type being pyrimidines. Guanine, along with adenine, is one of the four nitrogenous bases that make up the genetic code. It pairs with cytosine through hydrogen bonding in DNA, forming a stable base pair.Rate this question:
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- 41.
59. This tissue forms glands.
- A.
Simple squamous epithelial
- B.
Areolar connective tissue
- C.
Stratified squamous epithelial
- D.
Stratified cuboidal epithelial
- E.
Transitional epithelial
Correct Answer
D. Stratified cuboidal epithelialExplanation
Stratified cuboidal epithelial tissue is the correct answer because it is the type of tissue that forms glands. This tissue consists of multiple layers of cube-shaped cells, which allows for the secretion and absorption of substances. It is commonly found in the sweat glands, salivary glands, and mammary glands.Rate this question:
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- 42.
33. Which is the function of RNA?
- A.
Produce electrical impulses
- B.
Storage of energy
- C.
Transfer information for protein synthesis
- D.
Strore information for protein synthesis
- E.
Transport of fluids
Correct Answer
C. Transfer information for protein synthesisExplanation
RNA functions as a molecule that transfers genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm, where it is used as a template for protein synthesis. This process is known as transcription and translation. RNA acts as an intermediary between DNA and proteins, carrying the instructions for the amino acid sequence of a protein. Therefore, the correct answer is "transfer information for protein synthesis."Rate this question:
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- 43.
60. This tissue lines the respiratory tract and the fallopian tubes.
- A.
Simple cuboidal epithelial
- B.
Simple columnar epithelial
- C.
Stratified columnar epithelial
- D.
Stratified cuboidal epithelial
- E.
Transitional epithelial
Correct Answer
B. Simple columnar epithelialExplanation
Simple columnar epithelial tissue is the correct answer for this question because it is the type of tissue that lines the respiratory tract and the fallopian tubes. This type of tissue is composed of tall, column-shaped cells that are closely packed together. It functions to protect the underlying tissues, absorb nutrients, and secrete mucus. Simple cuboidal epithelial tissue consists of cube-shaped cells and is typically found in glands and kidney tubules. Stratified columnar epithelial tissue is composed of multiple layers of column-shaped cells and is found in parts of the male urethra and the conjunctiva of the eye. Stratified cuboidal epithelial tissue is made up of multiple layers of cube-shaped cells and is found in sweat glands and mammary glands. Transitional epithelial tissue is a specialized type of tissue that can stretch and is found in the urinary bladder.Rate this question:
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- 44.
34. Which is the function of DNA?
- A.
Produce chemical signals
- B.
Storage of energy
- C.
Transfer information for protein synthesis
- D.
Store information for protein synthesis
- E.
Transport of electrolytes
Correct Answer
D. Store information for protein synthesisExplanation
DNA is responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information in living organisms. It contains the instructions for building and maintaining an organism, including the synthesis of proteins. Proteins are essential for various biological processes and functions in the body. Therefore, the function of DNA is to store the information needed for protein synthesis.Rate this question:
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- 45.
61. This pigment absorbs ultraviolet light.
- A.
Keratin
- B.
Melanin
- C.
Melatonin
- D.
Carotene
- E.
Nigrosin
Correct Answer
B. MelaninExplanation
Melanin is a pigment that is responsible for the color of our hair, skin, and eyes. It is produced by cells called melanocytes and serves as a protective mechanism against the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. When our skin is exposed to UV light, melanin absorbs the energy and helps to prevent damage to our DNA. This is why people with more melanin in their skin have a lower risk of developing skin cancer compared to those with less melanin. Therefore, melanin is the correct answer because it absorbs ultraviolet light.Rate this question:
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- 46.
35. Which is the function of ATP?
- A.
Produce electrical impulses
- B.
Transfers energy for cell functions
- C.
Transfer information for protein synthesis
- D.
Transport of fluids
Correct Answer
B. Transfers energy for cell functionsExplanation
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is known as the "energy currency" of the cell. It is responsible for transferring energy within the cell, providing the necessary energy for various cellular functions such as muscle contraction, active transport of molecules, and synthesis of macromolecules. ATP releases energy when it is hydrolyzed to ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and inorganic phosphate, which can be used by the cell to fuel its metabolic reactions. Therefore, the correct answer is "Transfers energy for cell functions."Rate this question:
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- 47.
62. Albinism
- A.
Is the absence of melanin
- B.
Is the absence of carotene
- C.
Is the absence of both melanin and carotene
- D.
Is the absence of keratin
- E.
Is the absence of thick skin
Correct Answer
A. Is the absence of melaninExplanation
Albinism is a genetic condition characterized by the absence of melanin, which is the pigment responsible for the color of the skin, hair, and eyes. People with albinism have very light or white hair, skin, and eyes due to the lack of melanin production. This condition can also affect the development and functioning of the eyes, leading to vision problems. Therefore, the correct answer is "Is the absence of melanin."Rate this question:
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- 48.
63. This is a structure of a long bone that stores energy.
- A.
Diaphysis
- B.
Epiphysis
- C.
Metaphysis
- D.
Periosteum
- E.
Marrow
Correct Answer
E. MarrowExplanation
Marrow is the correct answer because it is the structure of a long bone that stores energy. Marrow is a soft, gelatinous tissue found in the hollow center of bones. It is responsible for producing red and white blood cells, as well as storing fat cells. This fatty tissue serves as an energy reserve for the body. Therefore, marrow is the structure of a long bone that stores energy.Rate this question:
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- 49.
36. What monomer is use to build RNA and DNA?
- A.
Fatty acid
- B.
Amino acid
- C.
Glucose
- D.
Glycerol
- E.
Nucleotide
Correct Answer
E. NucleotideExplanation
Nucleotides are the monomers used to build RNA and DNA. Nucleotides consist of a sugar molecule (ribose in RNA and deoxyribose in DNA), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA). These monomers are linked together through phosphodiester bonds to form the backbone of the DNA and RNA molecules.Rate this question:
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- 50.
64. This is the shaft of a long bone.
- A.
Diaphysis
- B.
Epiphysis
- C.
Metaphysis
- D.
Periosteum
- E.
Marrow
Correct Answer
A. DiaphysisExplanation
The shaft of a long bone is known as the diaphysis. It is the long, cylindrical, and main portion of the bone, located between the two ends called epiphysis. The diaphysis is responsible for providing support and stability to the bone, as well as serving as a site for the attachment of muscles and ligaments. It also contains the medullary cavity, which is filled with bone marrow. The other options (epiphysis, metaphysis, periosteum, and marrow) are not specifically related to the shaft of a long bone.Rate this question:
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Mar 20, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Dec 08, 2013Quiz Created by
Ekanye
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