Neemsi Monday 2012 Pharmacology Misc Quiz
General Questions inculding: Functional Class, Mechanism of Action, Indiations, Contraindications, Precautions, Side Effects, Interactions, Doses, Routes, Pharmacokinetics & Notes.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The Functional Class of Asprin includes?
- A.
Salicylate
- B.
Analgesic
- C.
Antiplatelet
- D.
Antipyretic
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
The functional class of Aspirin includes all of the above options: Salicylate, Analgesic, Antiplatelet, and Antipyretic. Aspirin is a salicylate compound that is commonly used as an analgesic to relieve pain, as an antiplatelet to prevent blood clotting, and as an antipyretic to reduce fever. Therefore, all of these options accurately describe the functional class of Aspirin.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Indications for the use of Asprin. Please check those that apply
- A.
Suspected AMI
- B.
Suspected CVA
- C.
Chest Pain
- D.
ACS
- E.
HTN
Correct Answer(s)
A. Suspected AMI
C. Chest Pain
D. ACSExplanation
Aspirin is indicated for the use in suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI) as it helps to prevent further blood clot formation and reduce the risk of heart attack. It is also indicated for chest pain, as it can help relieve pain associated with angina or other cardiovascular conditions. Additionally, aspirin is used in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) to prevent blood clot formation and reduce the risk of complications. However, it is not indicated for suspected cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or hypertension (HTN).Rate this question:
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- 3.
Contraindications of Asprin include _______________ ?
Correct Answer(s)
HypersensitivityExplanation
Aspirin is contraindicated in individuals who have a hypersensitivity or allergy to the medication. This means that if someone has had an allergic reaction or an adverse reaction to aspirin in the past, they should not take it. Hypersensitivity can manifest as symptoms such as difficulty breathing, hives, swelling, or rash. It is important for individuals to be aware of their allergies and inform healthcare professionals to avoid any potential complications or adverse reactions.Rate this question:
- 4.
Precautions of Asprin include?
- A.
Peptic ulcer disease, asthma & CHF
- B.
Asthma, COPD & CHF
- C.
Peptic Ulcer Disease & Asthma
- D.
Fever, COPD & Asthma
Correct Answer
C. Peptic Ulcer Disease & AsthmaExplanation
The correct answer is Peptic Ulcer Disease & Asthma. Aspirin is known to increase the risk of peptic ulcer disease, as it can irritate the lining of the stomach. It can also trigger asthma attacks in individuals who are already asthmatic or have a history of asthma. Therefore, individuals with peptic ulcer disease or asthma should take precautions when using aspirin. The other options mentioned in the question do not include both peptic ulcer disease and asthma as precautions for aspirin.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Side Effects of Asprin include? Check all that apply
- A.
Nausea & Vomiting
- B.
Abdominal Pain & Hypotension
- C.
Bruising & Metabolic Acidosis
- D.
Overdose leading to toxicity & dizziness
- E.
Thrombocytopenia
Correct Answer(s)
A. Nausea & Vomiting
C. Bruising & Metabolic Acidosis
D. Overdose leading to toxicity & dizziness
E. ThrombocytopeniaExplanation
Aspirin is a commonly used medication that can have several side effects. Nausea and vomiting are common side effects that can occur after taking aspirin. Bruising and metabolic acidosis can also occur as side effects of aspirin use. Overdosing on aspirin can lead to toxicity, which can manifest as symptoms such as dizziness. Additionally, aspirin can cause a decrease in platelet count, leading to thrombocytopenia. Therefore, the correct answer options for the side effects of aspirin include nausea and vomiting, bruising and metabolic acidosis, overdose leading to toxicity and dizziness, and thrombocytopenia.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Asprin is incompatible with uricosuric agents
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Uricosuric agents are medications that increase the excretion of uric acid from the body, while aspirin is a medication that can interfere with this process. Aspirin has been shown to reduce the effectiveness of uricosuric agents, potentially leading to an increase in uric acid levels in the body. Therefore, it is considered incompatible to take aspirin together with uricosuric agents.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Use of Asprin & Anticoagulants will increase the risk of bleeding.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The use of Asprin and Anticoagulants can increase the risk of bleeding. Asprin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can inhibit blood clotting, while anticoagulants are medications that also prevent blood from clotting. When these two types of medications are combined, they can further reduce the blood's ability to clot, leading to an increased risk of bleeding. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The correct dosage and route of asprin is?
- A.
160 - 325 mg SL tablets
- B.
0 - 325 mg PO (chewable) tablets
- C.
160 - 325 mg Rapid IVP
- D.
160 - 325 mg PO (chewable) tablets
Correct Answer
D. 160 - 325 mg PO (chewable) tabletsExplanation
The correct dosage and route of aspirin is 160-325 mg of chewable tablets taken orally. This means that the recommended dose of aspirin is between 160 to 325 milligrams, and it should be taken by chewing the tablets and swallowing them. This route of administration ensures that the aspirin is absorbed into the bloodstream through the digestive system, providing the desired therapeutic effect.Rate this question:
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- 9.
As an _____________ agent asprin appears to be involved in the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis.
Correct Answer
anti-inflammatoryExplanation
Aspirin is known to have anti-inflammatory properties, which means it can reduce inflammation in the body. One of the ways aspirin achieves this is by inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are chemical compounds that play a role in promoting inflammation. By inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis, aspirin helps to reduce inflammation and provide relief from pain and swelling. Therefore, the correct answer is "anti-inflammatory."Rate this question:
- 10.
Asprin's anti-inflammatory actions also contribute to its ________ effects.
Correct Answer
analgesicExplanation
Asprin's anti-inflammatory actions help reduce pain and inflammation, which contributes to its analgesic effects. Analgesics are medications that relieve pain, making them a suitable choice for treating various types of pain, including headaches, muscle aches, and joint pain. Asprin's ability to reduce inflammation and alleviate pain makes it an effective analgesic medication.Rate this question:
- 11.
Aspirin also acts to reduce fever by causing centrally-mediated peripheral ___________ and sweating.
Correct Answer
vasodilationExplanation
Aspirin acts to reduce fever by causing vasodilation, which is the widening of blood vessels. This allows more blood to flow through the vessels, which helps to dissipate heat from the body and lower the body temperature. Additionally, vasodilation can also cause sweating, which further helps to cool down the body.Rate this question:
- 12.
Aspirin blocks the production of ______________ the precurser to Thromboxane A2 (which is the physiological inducer of platelet aggregation).
Correct Answer
cyclooxygenase (COX)Explanation
Aspirin inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX), which is responsible for the production of prostaglandins, including the precursor to Thromboxane A2. By blocking COX, aspirin reduces the production of Thromboxane A2, which is the physiological inducer of platelet aggregation.Rate this question:
- 13.
The Functional Class of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) is?
Correct Answer
Electrolyte & Alkalinizing AgentExplanation
Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) is classified as an electrolyte because it dissociates into ions (Na+ and HCO3-) when dissolved in water, allowing it to conduct electricity. It is also considered an alkalinizing agent because it can increase the pH of a solution by releasing bicarbonate ions, which can help neutralize excess acid in the body. Therefore, the correct answer is Electrolyte & Alkalinizing Agent.Rate this question:
- 14.
Given IV, sodium bicarbonate imediately _________ the pH of blood plasma by buffering excess H+ cations.
- A.
Raises
- B.
Decreases
Correct Answer
A. RaisesExplanation
Sodium bicarbonate, when administered intravenously, raises the pH of blood plasma by buffering excess H+ cations. This means that it helps to neutralize the excess acid in the blood, leading to an increase in pH.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Excess bicarbonate ions are excreted in the urine, thus rendering the urine _______ acidic.
Correct Answer
lessExplanation
Excess bicarbonate ions are basic in nature, so when they are excreted in the urine, they neutralize the acidity of the urine, making it less acidic.Rate this question:
- 16.
Indications for the use of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) inculde?
- A.
Severe Akalosis (refractory to hyperventilation)
- B.
Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) overdose
- C.
Benzodiazepine overdose
- D.
Known Hyperkalemia
- E.
Severe Acidosis
- F.
Barbiturate overdose
Correct Answer(s)
B. Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) overdose
D. Known Hyperkalemia
E. Severe Acidosis
F. Barbiturate overdoseExplanation
Sodium bicarbonate is indicated for the treatment of tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) overdose, known hyperkalemia, severe acidosis, and barbiturate overdose. In TCA overdose, sodium bicarbonate is given to correct the cardiac toxicity caused by the overdose. Hyperkalemia is a condition characterized by high levels of potassium in the blood, and sodium bicarbonate is used to shift potassium into the cells and lower its concentration in the blood. In severe acidosis, sodium bicarbonate is administered to increase the pH of the blood. Lastly, in barbiturate overdose, sodium bicarbonate is used to enhance elimination of the drug from the body.Rate this question:
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- 17.
There are no contraindications for the use of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) in the emergency setting?
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
In the emergency setting, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) is commonly used as a treatment for various conditions such as metabolic acidosis and certain drug overdoses. It helps to neutralize excess acid in the body and restore the pH balance. Since there are no contraindications mentioned, it can be inferred that sodium bicarbonate can be safely used in emergency situations without any specific restrictions or precautions.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Dosages of sodium bicarbonate must be specific to prevent metabolic _________ and are thus weight based.
Correct Answer
alkalosisExplanation
Dosages of sodium bicarbonate must be specific to prevent metabolic alkalosis and are thus weight based. This means that the amount of sodium bicarbonate given to a patient should be tailored to their weight in order to avoid causing an imbalance in the body's acid-base levels. If too much sodium bicarbonate is administered, it can lead to an excess of bicarbonate ions in the blood, resulting in alkalosis. Therefore, careful consideration of the patient's weight is necessary to ensure the correct dosage and prevent this metabolic complication.Rate this question:
- 19.
Side Effects of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) inculde?
- A.
Severe tissue damage if extravasation occurs.
- B.
May produce paradoxical acidosis that can depress cerebral and cardiac function?
- C.
May produce Nausea and Vomiting
- D.
May cause extracellular alkalosis, which may reduce the concentrationnof ionized calcium, decrease plasma potassium, and i
Correct Answer(s)
A. Severe tissue damage if extravasation occurs.
B. May produce paradoxical acidosis that can depress cerebral and cardiac function?Explanation
The correct answer is "Severe tissue damage if extravasation occurs" and "May produce paradoxical acidosis that can depress cerebral and cardiac function". Sodium bicarbonate, when administered incorrectly or in excessive amounts, can cause severe tissue damage if it leaks out of the intended area (extravasation). It can also lead to paradoxical acidosis, which is a condition where the blood becomes more acidic instead of alkaline, potentially affecting the function of the brain and heart.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Jul 31, 2011Quiz Created by
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