Do You Know About Infection
- 1.Write text here
- 2.What is the most common cause of anaphylaxis?
- A.
Allergy to pollen
- B.
Allergy to antibiotics (penicillin)
- C.
Allergy to peanuts
- 3.What is the 1st line of defense? Select all that apply
- A.
Skin
- B.
Phagocytosis
- C.
Inflammation
- D.
Mucous Membranes
- 4.What is the 2nd line of defense? Select all that apply
- A.
Inflammation
- B.
Skin
- C.
Phagocytosis
- D.
Mucous Membranes
- 5.Inflammation means 'the fire within' it is a nonspecific immune response that occurs in response to bodily injury. What are the 5 signs? Select all that apply
- A.
Coldness
- B.
Tumor (swelling)
- C.
Numbness
- D.
Calor (heat)
- E.
Rubor (redness)
- F.
Loss of function
- G.
Dolor (pain
- 6.What is the correct order of the chain of infection?
- A.
Portal of exit, reservoir, mode of transmission, vector transmission, portal of entry, causative agent
- B.
Portal of entry, reservoir, causative agent, mode of transmission, vector transmission, portal of exit
- C.
Causative agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, vector transmission, portal of entry
- 7.Which hormone is produced by the adrenal cortex, is an anti-inflammatory, slows release of histamine & is mimicked by corticosteroids?
- A.
Testosterone
- B.
Estrogen
- C.
Epinephrine
- D.
Cortisol
- 8.The aging process can be delayed in the older person as a result of decreased tissue elasticity & decreased blood supply.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 9.Iatrogenic Infections are infections caused by the process of giving care. (C-Diff)
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 10.Neupogen- can help the body make WBC after receiving cancer medications. Can also improve survival in people who have been exposed to radiation
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 11.Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HARRT): is a combination if antiretroviral drugs that may be prescribed when the HIV viral load reaches certain levels,
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 12.When is a patient considered to have AIDS?
- A.
When the CD8 level drops below 300 cells/mm
- B.
When the CD8 level drops below 500 cells/mm
- C.
When the CD4 level drops below 200 cells/mm
- D.
When the CD4 level drops below 1000 cells/mm
- 13.Mode of TransmissionDirect contact: transfer of microorganisms directlyIndirect contact: occurs when pathogens are spread through droplets expelled during a sneeze or a cough or through inanimate objects
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 14.Anaphylaxis: an allergic reaction when a allergen enters the bloodstream.S/S: anxiety, wheezing, dyspnea, cyanosis, hives, facial edema, joint pain, hypotensionAs a nurse how would you provide care of the patient experiencing anaphylaxis? Select all tat apply
- A.
Give oxygen & IV epinephrine
- B.
Dopamine or a volume expander (or both) to raise BP
- C.
A nebulized bronchodilator to relax bronchi & improve ventilation
- D.
Diphenhydramine for antihistamine effects
- E.
Corticosteroids to decrease the inflammatory response
- F.
Monitor respirations, HR, color, & oxygen saturation until the patient is fully recovered
- G.
Monitor IV fluids & minimize the patients anxiety
- 15.HIVInitial stage lasts 4-8 weeks: generalized flu symptoms (malaise, N&V, rash, diarrhea, decreased appetite)Latent Stage lasts 2-12 yrs.: patient is asymptomatic, eventually has persistent infections.3rd stage lasts 2-3 years: patient begins to experience opportunistic infections. CD4 levels usually less than 500 & declining.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 16.Fomite: any item that has been touched or cross-contaminated by the host (bed rails)
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 17.A series of blood screenings are performed to test for HIV. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is done first, if you are positive on the ELISA a western blot is done to confirm it.
- A.
True
- B.
False
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