Digestive & Gastrointestinal System Disorders | NCLEX Quiz 76

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  • 1/10 Questions

    Which of the following symptoms is common with a hiatal hernia?

    • Left arm pain
    • Lower back pain
    • Esophageal reflux
    • Abdominal cramping
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All questions are shown, but the results will only be given after you’ve finished the quiz. You are given 1 minute per question, a total of 10 minutes in this quiz.

Digestive & Gastrointestinal System Disorders | NCLEX Quiz 76 - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Which of the following tests can be used to diagnose ulcers?

    • Abdominal x-ray

    • Barium swallow

    • Computed tomography (CT) scan

    • Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)

    Correct Answer
    A. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)
    Explanation
    The EGD can visualize the entire upper GI tract as well as allow for tissue specimens and electrocautery if needed. The barium swallow could locate a gastric ulcer. A CT scan and an abdominal x-ray aren’t useful in the diagnosis of an ulcer.

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  • 3. 

    The hospitalized client with GERD is complaining of chest discomfort that feels like heartburn following a meal. After administering an ordered antacid. the nurse encourages the client to lie in which of the following positions?

    • Supine with the head of the bed flat

    • On the stomach with the head flat

    • On the left side with the head of the bed elevated 30 degrees

    • On the right side with the head of the bed elevated 30 degrees.

    Correct Answer
    A. On the left side with the head of the bed elevated 30 degrees
    Explanation
    The discomfort of reflux is aggravated by positions that compress the abdomen and the stomach. These include lying flat on the back or on the stomach after a meal of lying on the right side. The left side-lying position with the head of the bed elevated is most likely to give relief to the client.

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  • 4. 

    Which of the following conditions can cause a hiatal hernia?

    • Increased intrathoracic pressure

    • Weakness of the esophageal muscle

    • Increased esophageal muscle pressure

    • Weakness of the diaphragmatic muscle

    Correct Answer
    A. Weakness of the diaphragmatic muscle
    Explanation
    A hiatal hernia is caused by weakness of the diaphragmatic muscle and increased intra-abdominal—not intrathoracic—pressure. This weakness allows the stomach to slide into the esophagus. The esophageal supports weaken. but esophageal muscle weakness or increased esophageal muscle pressure isn’t a factor in hiatal hernia.

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  • 5. 

    Which of the following best describes the method of action of medications. such as ranitidine (Zantac). which are used in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease?

    • Neutralize acid

    • Reduce acid secretions

    • Stimulate gastrin release

    • Protect the mucosal barrier

    Correct Answer
    A. Reduce acid secretions
    Explanation
    Ranitidine is a histamine-2 receptor antagonist that reduces acid secretion by inhibiting gastrin secretion.

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  • 6. 

    Risk factors for the development of hiatal hernias are those that lead to increased abdominal pressure. Which of the following complications can cause increased abdominal pressure?

    • Obesity

    • Volvulus

    • Constipation

    • Intestinal obstruction

    Correct Answer
    A. Obesity
    Explanation
    Obesity may cause increased abdominal pressure that pushes the lower portion of the stomach into the thorax.

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  • 7. 

    Which of the following tests can be performed to diagnose a hiatal hernia?

    • Colonoscopy

    • Lower GI series

    • Barium swallow

    • Abdominal x-rays

    Correct Answer
    A. Barium swallow
    Explanation
    A barium swallow with fluoroscopy shows the position of the stomach in relation to the diaphragm. A colonoscopy and a lower GI series show disorders of the intestine.

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  • 8. 

    Which of the following measures should the nurse focus on for the client with esophageal varices?

    • Recognizing hemorrhage

    • Controlling blood pressure

    • Encouraging nutritional intake

    • Teaching the client about varices

    Correct Answer
    A. Recognizing hemorrhage
    Explanation
    Recognizing the rupture of esophageal varices. or hemorrhage. is the focus of nursing care because the client could succumb to this quickly. Controlling blood pressure is also important because it helps reduce the risk of variceal rupture. It is also important to teach the client what varices are and what foods he should avoid such as spicy foods.

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  • 9. 

    The nurse is caring for a client following a Billroth II procedure. On review of the post-operative orders. which of the following. if prescribed. would the nurse question and verify?

    • Irrigating the nasogastric tube

    • Coughing a deep breathing exercises

    • Leg exercises

    • Early ambulation

    Correct Answer
    A. Irrigating the nasogastric tube
    Explanation
    In a Billroth II procedure the proximal remnant of the stomach is anastomosed to the proximal jejunum. Patency of the NG tube is critical for preventing the retention of gastric secretions. The nurse should never irrigate or reposition the gastric tube after gastric surgery. unless specifically ordered by the physician. In this situation. the nurse would clarify the order.

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  • 10. 

    The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client following gastrectomy. Which measure will the nurse instruct the client to follow to assist in preventing dumping syndrome?

    • Eat high-carbohydrate foods

    • Limit the fluids taken with meals

    • Ambulate following a meal

    • Sit in a high-Fowler’s position during meals

    Correct Answer
    A. Limit the fluids taken with meals
    Explanation
    The nurse should instruct the client to decrease the amount of fluid taken at meals and to avoid high carbohydrate foods including fluids such as fruit nectars; to assume a low-Fowler’s position during meals; to lie down for 30 minutes after eating to delay gastric emptying; and to take antispasmodics as prescribed.

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  • Current Version
  • Jun 27, 2024
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Oct 02, 2017
    Quiz Created by
    Santepro

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