Digestive & Gastrointestinal System Disorders | NCLEX Quiz 74

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Digestive & Gastrointestinal System Disorders | NCLEX Quiz 74 - Quiz

All questions are shown, but the results will only be given after you’ve finished the quiz. You are given 1 minute per question, a total of 10 minutes in this quiz.

Questions and Answers

1.

Which goal of the client’s care should take priority during the first days of hospitalization for an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis?
- A.
  
  Promoting self-care and independence
- B.
  
  Managing diarrhea
- C.
  
  Maintaining adequate nutrition
- D.
  
  Promoting rest and comfort
Correct Answer
B. Managing diarrhea

Explanation
Diarrhea is the primary symptom in an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. and decreasing the frequency of stools is the first goal of treatment. The other goals are ongoing and will be best achieved by halting the exacerbation. The client may receive antidiarrheal medications. antispasmodic agents. bulk hydrophilic agents. or anti-inflammatory drugs.

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2.

A client’s ulcerative colitis symptoms have been present for longer than 1 week. The nurse recognizes that the client should be assessed carefully for signs of which of the following complications?
- A.
  
  Heart failure
- B.
  
  DVT
- C.
  
  Hypokalemia
- D.
  
  Hypocalcemia
Correct Answer
C. Hypokalemia

Explanation
Excessive diarrhea causes significant depletion of the body’s stores of sodium and potassium as well as fluid. The client should be closely monitored for hypokalemia and hyponatremia. Ulcerative colitis does not place the client at risk for heart failure. DVT. or hypocalcemia.

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3.

A client who has ulcerative colitis has persistent diarrhea. He is thin and has lost 12 pounds since the exacerbation of his ulcerative colitis. The nurse should anticipate that the physician will order which of the following treatment approaches to help the client meet his nutritional needs?
- A.
  
  Initiate continuous enteral feedings
- B.
  
  Encourage a high protein. high-calorie diet
- C.
  
  Implement total parenteral nutrition
- D.
  
  Provide six small meals a day.
Correct Answer
C. Implement total parenteral nutrition

Explanation
Food will be withheld from the client with severe symptoms of ulcerative colitis to rest the bowel. To maintain the client’s nutritional status. the client will be started on TPN. Enteral feedings or dividing the diet into 6 small meals does not allow the bowel to rest. A high-calorie. high-protein diet will worsen the client’s symptoms.

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4.

Digoxin preparations and absorbents should not be given simultaneously. As a nurse. you are aware that if these agents are given simultaneously. which of the following will occur?
- A.
  
  Increased absorption of digoxin
- B.
  
  Decreased absorption of digoxin
- C.
  
  Increased absorption of the absorbent
- D.
  
  Decreased absorption of the absorbent
Correct Answer
B. Decreased absorption of digoxin

Explanation
When digoxin preparations and absorbents are given simultaneously, the absorption of digoxin is decreased. This is because absorbents have the ability to bind to digoxin in the gastrointestinal tract, preventing its absorption into the bloodstream. As a result, less digoxin is available for therapeutic effects, potentially leading to a decrease in its effectiveness. It is important to avoid giving these agents together to ensure proper absorption and efficacy of digoxin.

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5.

When used with hyperacidic disorders of the stomach. antacids are given to elevate the gastric pH to:
- A.
  
  2
- B.
  
  4
- C.
  
  6
- D.
  
  >8.0
Correct Answer
B. 4

Explanation
Antacids are typically given to neutralize stomach acid and raise the gastric pH to a less acidic level, which is generally around 4. This pH level is less irritating to the gastric lining than the lower, more acidic pH levels typical of hyperacidic disorders. A pH of 2 would still be considered too acidic, and a pH of 6 or higher than 8 is less common for antacid treatment goals because it could excessively neutralize stomach acid, potentially leading to other digestive issues.

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0
0
6.

One of your patients is receiving digitalis orally and is also to receive an antacid at the same time. Your most appropriate action. based on the pharmacokinetics of antacids. is to:
- A.
  
  Delay the digitalis for 1 to 2 hours until the antacid is absorbed
- B.
  
  Give the antacid at least 2 to 4 hours before administering the digitalis
- C.
  
  Administer both medications as ordered and document in nurse’s notes
- D.
  
  Contact the physician regarding the drug interaction and request a change in the time of dosing of the drugs.
Correct Answer
D. Contact the physician regarding the drug interaction and request a change in the time of dosing of the drugs.

Explanation
The most appropriate action in this situation is to contact the physician regarding the drug interaction and request a change in the time of dosing of the drugs. Digitalis and antacids can interact with each other and affect their absorption and effectiveness. Therefore, it is important to consult the physician to ensure the proper administration and avoid any potential adverse effects or reduced therapeutic effects.

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7.

The nurse would teach patients that antacids are effective in treatment of hyperacidity because they:
- A.
  
  Neutralize gastric acid
- B.
  
  Decrease stomach motility
- C.
  
  Decrease gastric pH
- D.
  
  Decrease duodenal pH
Correct Answer
A. Neutralize gastric acid

Explanation
Antacids work by neutralizing gastric acid. which would cause an increase in pH. They do not affect gastric motility.

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8.

The nurse would monitor for which of the following adverse reactions to aluminum-containing antacids such as aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel)?
- A.
  
  Diarrhea
- B.
  
  Constipation
- C.
  
  GI upset
- D.
  
  Fluid retention
Correct Answer
B. Constipation

Explanation
Aluminum- and calcium-containing antacids cause constipation. magnesium-containing antacids cause diarrhea and sodium-containing antacids cause sodium and fluid retention.

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9.

The nurse would question an order for which type of antacid in patients with chronic renal failure?
- A.
  
  Aluminum-containing antacids
- B.
  
  Calcium-containing antacids
- C.
  
  Magnesium-containing antacids
- D.
  
  All of the above.
Correct Answer
C. Magnesium-containing antacids

Explanation
Magnesium-containing antacids can cause hypermagnesemia in patients with chronic renal failure. Aluminum-containing antacids may be used as a phosphate binder in patients with chronic renal failure. Calcium-containing antacids are also appropriate because these patients may be hypocalcemic.

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10.

The nurse would monitor a patient using sodium bicarbonate to treat gastric hyperacidity for signs and symptoms of:
- A.
  
  Metabolic alkalosis
- B.
  
  Metabolic acidosis
- C.
  
  Hyperkalemia
- D.
  
  Hypercalcemia
Correct Answer
A. Metabolic alkalosis

Explanation
Solutions containing sodium bicarbonate (a base) can cause metabolic alkalosis. Serum K and serum calcium would decrease with alkalosis. not increase.

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Oct 02, 2017

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Digestive & Gastrointestinal System Disorders | NCLEX Quiz 74

Which goal of the client’s care should take priority during the first days of hospitalization for an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis?

A client’s ulcerative colitis symptoms have been present for longer than 1 week. The nurse recognizes that the client should be assessed carefully for signs of which of the following complications?

A client who has ulcerative colitis has persistent diarrhea. He is thin and has lost 12 pounds since the exacerbation of his ulcerative colitis. The nurse should anticipate that the physician will order which of the following treatment approaches to help the client meet his nutritional needs?

Digoxin preparations and absorbents should not be given simultaneously. As a nurse. you are aware that if these agents are given simultaneously. which of the following will occur?

When used with hyperacidic disorders of the stomach. antacids are given to elevate the gastric pH to:

One of your patients is receiving digitalis orally and is also to receive an antacid at the same time. Your most appropriate action. based on the pharmacokinetics of antacids. is to:

The nurse would teach patients that antacids are effective in treatment of hyperacidity because they:

The nurse would monitor for which of the following adverse reactions to aluminum-containing antacids such as aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel)?

The nurse would question an order for which type of antacid in patients with chronic renal failure?

The nurse would monitor a patient using sodium bicarbonate to treat gastric hyperacidity for signs and symptoms of: