NCLEX Pharmacology Quiz 45 Respiratory Medications

1. A client with influenza is prescribed with an antiviral drug. The nurse determines that the client indicates an understanding of the treatment if he or she state the following?

“I will take the medication exactly as prescribed”.

“I will not be able to infect others while I am on this treatment”.

“I will stop the medication once I feel okay”.

“I will resume my usual activities because these medications have minimal undesirable effects”.

Antiviral drugs are taken exactly as prescribed.Option B: Antiviral drugs do not prevent the spread of influenza and patients are still contagious for up to two days after the start of the therapy.Option C: The durations for the medications are followed until the last day of the treatment.Option D: Side effects such as dizziness and drowsiness will alert the client to be careful resuming their daily activities.

Explanation

Antiviral drugs are taken exactly as prescribed.Option B: Antiviral drugs do not prevent the spread of influenza and patients are still contagious for up to two days after the start of the therapy.Option C: The durations for the medications are followed until the last day of the treatment.Option D: Side effects such as dizziness and drowsiness will alert the client to be careful resuming their daily activities.

2. A client is to begin taking Rifampin (Rifadin). The nurse correctly teaches the client this medication:

Is to be discontinued after three months.

Is to be taken with food and antacids.

Take an additional dose once with skip dose.

Will cause orange discoloration of sweat. urine. and feces.

Rifampin causes red-orange discolorations of bodily secretions such as sweat. urine. tears. and feces.Option A: The client should not stop the therapy unless with a doctor’s advice.Option B: The medication is taken on an empty stomach.Option C: Doses are not to be doubled or skipped.

Explanation

Rifampin causes red-orange discolorations of bodily secretions such as sweat. urine. tears. and feces.Option A: The client should not stop the therapy unless with a doctor’s advice.Option B: The medication is taken on an empty stomach.Option C: Doses are not to be doubled or skipped.

3. A nurse is caring for a client who is starting a long-term therapy of isoniazid (INH). The nurse plans to instruct the client to which of the following?

To discontinue vitamin supplements such as Vit B6.

To report an incidence of yellowish skin.

To increase intake of tuna for additional nutrition.

To drink alcohol in moderation.

Isoniazid (INH) is hepatotoxic hence the client is instructed to report signs of jaundice (Yellowish of skin or the sclera).Option A: Vitamin B6 can help in preventing peripheral neuritis.Option B: Tuna which contains tyramine causes a reaction characterized by redness. flushing. sweating. itching of the skin while taking INH.Option D: Avoid alcohol because the medication is hepatotoxic.

Explanation

Isoniazid (INH) is hepatotoxic hence the client is instructed to report signs of jaundice (Yellowish of skin or the sclera).Option A: Vitamin B6 can help in preventing peripheral neuritis.Option B: Tuna which contains tyramine causes a reaction characterized by redness. flushing. sweating. itching of the skin while taking INH.Option D: Avoid alcohol because the medication is hepatotoxic.

4. A client has been taking isoniazid (INH). The client went to the health care facility with complaints of numbness and tingling sensation in the extremities. The nurse determines that the client is most likely suffering from?

Impaired peripheral circulation.

Hypercalcemia.

Peripheral neuritis.

Guillan Barre syndrome.

Isoniazid (INH) causes peripheral neuritis characterized by numbness. tingling. and paresthesias in the extremities.Options A and B are not related to the use of the medication.Option D: Guillain-Barre syndrome is a rare condition in which your immune system attacks your nerves. leading to muscle weakness and even paralysis.

Explanation

Isoniazid (INH) causes peripheral neuritis characterized by numbness. tingling. and paresthesias in the extremities.Options A and B are not related to the use of the medication.Option D: Guillain-Barre syndrome is a rare condition in which your immune system attacks your nerves. leading to muscle weakness and even paralysis.

5. A client with tuberculosis is receiving Ethambutol (Myambutol). All of which are laboratories to be examined. except?

Complete blood count.

Liver function test.

Triglyceride level.

Uric acid level.

Triglyceride level is not monitored during the treatment.Option A: Monitor for thrombocytopenia.Option B: Monitor for hepatotoxicity.Option D: Monitor for hyperuricemia.

Explanation

Triglyceride level is not monitored during the treatment.Option A: Monitor for thrombocytopenia.Option B: Monitor for hepatotoxicity.Option D: Monitor for hyperuricemia.

6. A client is taking streptomycin. The nurse explains the nervous system side effects of this medication. The nurse correctly states that this medication causes damage in which cranial nerve?

Cranial nerve VII.

Cranial nerve VIII.

Cranial nerve IX.

Cranial nerve X.

Nervous system side effects of streptomycin include eighth cranial nerve toxicity. which typically affects the vestibular system (Clumsiness. dizziness. unsteadiness). but may also affect the auditory component (Ringing in the ear. loss of hearing).Option A is the facial nerve.Option C is the glossopharyngeal nerve.Option D is the vagus nerve.

Explanation

Nervous system side effects of streptomycin include eighth cranial nerve toxicity. which typically affects the vestibular system (Clumsiness. dizziness. unsteadiness). but may also affect the auditory component (Ringing in the ear. loss of hearing).Option A is the facial nerve.Option C is the glossopharyngeal nerve.Option D is the vagus nerve.

7. A nurse is monitoring a client receiving an Ethambutol (Myambutol) for adverse effects. The nurse determines that the client is experiencing a side effect of the medication. in which of the following?

Red-orange colored bodily secretions.

Damaged hearing.

Loss of balance.

Difficulty distinguishing the color red from green.

Ethambutol (Myambutol) causes optic neuritis characterized by decreased visual acuity and the ability to distinguish between the color red from green.Option A: Side effect of Rifampin.Option B: Side effect of Streptomycin.Option C: not a related symptom to the anti-TB medications.

Explanation

Ethambutol (Myambutol) causes optic neuritis characterized by decreased visual acuity and the ability to distinguish between the color red from green.Option A: Side effect of Rifampin.Option B: Side effect of Streptomycin.Option C: not a related symptom to the anti-TB medications.

8. A nurse is giving instructions to a client receiving Pyrazinamide. Which of the following is not true regarding this medication?

Take the medication with food.

Photosensitivity is one of the side effects.

It enhances the effect of allopurinol.

Use with caution in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Patients taking pyrazinamide decreases the effects of allopurinol. colchicine. probenecid. and sulfinpyrazone.Option A: Taken with food to reduce gastric upset.Option B: To instruct the client to avoid sunlight.Option D: This medication causes hyperglycemia.

Explanation

Patients taking pyrazinamide decreases the effects of allopurinol. colchicine. probenecid. and sulfinpyrazone.Option A: Taken with food to reduce gastric upset.Option B: To instruct the client to avoid sunlight.Option D: This medication causes hyperglycemia.

9. All of which are examples of antiviral influenza medications except?

Ethionamide (Trecator).

Amantadine (Symmetrel).

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu).

Zanamivir (Relenza).

Ethionamide (Trecator) is an antibiotic used in the treatment of tuberculosis.

Explanation

Ethionamide (Trecator) is an antibiotic used in the treatment of tuberculosis.

10. Rifabutin (Mycobutin) is prescribed to a client with active Mycobacterium avium complex disease and tuberculosis. The nurse determines that the client is experiencing side effects in which of the following. except?

Tingling and numbness of the fingers.

Blurred vision.

Arthralgia.

Flu-like symptoms.

Tingling and numbness of the fingers is more associated with the use of isoniazid (INH).Options B. C. and D are the side effects of Rifabutin.

Explanation

Tingling and numbness of the fingers is more associated with the use of isoniazid (INH).Options B. C. and D are the side effects of Rifabutin.