NCLEX Pharmacology Quiz 18 Cardiovascular Drugs

Heparin should be given in the abdominal area around the umbilicus. deep into the fat.

An elevated LDL is the most significant risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis; therefore. for drug therapy to be effective. LDL must be reduced.

Protamine is the drug used to reverse the adverse effects of bleeding that occurs with heparin administration.

All lipid-lowering agents except the bile acid sequestrants are potentially hepatotoxic. so the most significant contraindication is liver disease.

The desired effect of lipid-lowering agents is to decrease cardiac risk by lowering TC. TG. and LDL and increasing or maintaining HDL.

Vitamin K absorption may be reduced when giving these drugs. The only fat-soluble vitamin here is vitamin K. which is synthesized in the liver.

Mevacor is known to cause constipation.

The half-life of heparin is 60 to 90 minutes. This is important to know when bleeding occurs during heparin administration.

Parenteral anticoagulants such as heparin work by disrupting conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. Tissue thromboplastin is formed in the extrinsic pathway as tissue is damaged. Oral anticoagulants work by interfering with vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Prothrombin does not convert to fibrin.

Initial extension of PT occurs within 8 to 12 hours after warfarin therapy begins.