DNA Structure And Replication Quiz Challenge

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  • 1/10 Questions

    Which of the following DNA strands is the complementary strand to: ATGCATGA

    • TACGTACT
    • UACGUACU
    • CATAGTAA
    • TAATUAUAG
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About This Quiz

DNA is made up of molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group and a nitrogen base. DNA replication is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule. Test your knowledge of this topic by taking the quiz below.

DNA Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    In DNA, Thymine pairs with...

    • Guanine

    • Cytosine

    • Adenine

    • Uracil

    Correct Answer
    A. Adenine
    Explanation
    Remember A always pairs with T
    G always pairs with C

    *IN RNA, T IS SWAPPED OUT FOR U

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  • 3. 

    A nucleotide is made up of what three things?

    • Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine

    • 2 Phosphates and a base

    • A sugar, adenine, and thymine

    • A phosphate, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base

    Correct Answer
    A. A phosphate, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base
    Explanation
    A nucleotide is composed of a phosphate group, a sugar molecule, and a nitrogenous base. The phosphate group provides a negative charge and is responsible for forming the backbone of the nucleic acid chain. The sugar molecule, typically deoxyribose in DNA or ribose in RNA, provides a structural framework for the nucleotide. The nitrogenous base, which can be adenine, cytosine, guanine, or thymine (in DNA) or uracil (in RNA), is responsible for the genetic information carried by the nucleotide. Together, these three components make up the building blocks of nucleic acids.

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  • 4. 

    The structure of DNA is called

    • RNA polymerase

    • Helicase

    • Double helix

    • DNA

    Correct Answer
    A. Double helix
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "double helix". The structure of DNA is known as a double helix because it consists of two strands that are twisted together in a spiral shape. This structure was first proposed by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953 based on the X-ray diffraction data collected by Rosalind Franklin. The double helix structure allows DNA to store and transmit genetic information in a stable and efficient manner.

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  • 5. 

    Which of the following is true?

    • A&T share 3 hydrogen bonds. C&G share 2 hydrogen bonds.

    • A&T share 2 hydrogen bonds. C&G share 3 hydrogen bonds.

    • A&T share covalent. C&G share ionic.

    • A&T share ionic. C&G share covalent.

    Correct Answer
    A. A&T share 2 hydrogen bonds. C&G share 3 hydrogen bonds.
  • 6. 

    The DNA backbone is made up of... 

    • Phosphates

    • Sugars

    • Sugars and bases

    • Phosphates and sugars

    Correct Answer
    A. Phosphates and sugars
    Explanation
    The DNA backbone is made up of phosphates and sugars. Phosphates form the backbone of the DNA molecule, providing stability and strength. Sugars, specifically deoxyribose in DNA, are attached to the phosphates and form the alternating sugar-phosphate backbone. This backbone structure plays a crucial role in maintaining the integrity and stability of the DNA molecule. Bases, on the other hand, are attached to the sugars and project inward, forming the rungs of the DNA ladder.

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  • 7. 

    Which of the following do you know is NOT DNA replication?

    • A DNA strand pairing with a strand made up of A, C, G, and U

    • A DNA strand being unwound by helicase

    • DNA polymerase attaching free nucleotides to strands of DNA

    • A DNA strand pairing with a strand made up of A, C, G, and T

    Correct Answer
    A. A DNA strand pairing with a strand made up of A, C, G, and U
    Explanation
    DNA replication is the process by which a DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules. During DNA replication, a DNA strand pairs with a complementary strand made up of A, C, G, and T (not U). This process is facilitated by DNA polymerase, which attaches free nucleotides to the existing strands of DNA. Helicase is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix. Therefore, the only option that is NOT a part of DNA replication is a DNA strand pairing with a strand made up of A, C, G, and U.

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  • 8. 

    How many bases are there in DNA?

    • 2

    • 3

    • 4

    • 5

    Correct Answer
    A. 4
    Explanation
    DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is composed of four different bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T). These bases pair up in specific combinations to form the rungs of the DNA ladder. Adenine pairs with thymine, and cytosine pairs with guanine. Therefore, there are four bases in DNA.

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  • 9. 

    The coding region of DNA is made up of...

    • Sugar

    • Phosphate

    • Base

    • DNA

    Correct Answer
    A. Base
    Explanation
    The coding region of DNA is made up of bases. Bases are the building blocks of DNA and they include adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T). These bases pair up with each other to form the double helix structure of DNA. The sequence of these bases determines the genetic information encoded in DNA, which is responsible for the synthesis of proteins and the functioning of cells.

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  • 10. 

    What enzyme joins the free floating nucleotides to the unzipped strands of DNA?

    • DNA polymerase

    • RNA polymerase

    • Helicase

    • TRNA

    Correct Answer
    A. DNA polymerase
    Explanation
    DNA polymerase is the correct answer because it is the enzyme responsible for joining the free floating nucleotides to the unzipped strands of DNA during DNA replication. This enzyme is essential for the synthesis of new DNA strands and plays a crucial role in maintaining the integrity and fidelity of the genetic information. RNA polymerase is involved in transcribing DNA into RNA, helicase is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix, and tRNA is involved in protein synthesis.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 20, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Jan 30, 2017
    Quiz Created by
    Teslanikola
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