Health Economics Final Exam
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Health economists study the functioning of healthcare systems and health-affecting behaviors such as smoking and risky eating habits. This is the Final Exam of Health Economics 40 Questions - 45 minutes GOOD and Feel free to ask question on comments. Take up the health economics final exam preparation quiz below and see how much you know about the topic. All the best!
- 1."Worker salaries" are an example of:
- A.
Variable cost
- B.
Fixed cost
- C.
Cost
- D.
Friction cost
- E.
Marginal cost
- 2.
- A.
Marginal cost:Value of production lost due to time needed to find a replacement worker
- B.
Opportunity cost: Cost of not doing something
- C.
Quality assessment: The measurement of the actual quality of health care rendered
- D.
Microeconomics: The entire country's health care system including the way that it performs
- E.
Two of the above
- 3.
- A.
Professionals receive a fee for each service they provide
- B.
The service for which payment is made can be separated services
- C.
Based on charges that are set either by professionals or the patient
- D.
It's similar to "Charge-based payments method for paying hospitals"
- E.
Non of the above
- 4."Capitation" Means:
- A.
Amount established to cover the cost of heath care services delivered to a person for a specific time
- B.
A fixed payment (usually monthly or yearly)
- C.
A prospective cost reimbursement classification system for in-patient services based on diagnosis
- D.
The amount of money that flows from payers to an insurance plan
- E.
How individuals choose , minimize costs or maximize profits or wealth or utilities
- 5.The TRUE statements regarding "Salary" paying method are:
- A.
Does not vary with number of people or number of patients treated
- B.
Does not vary with number of services provided
- C.
Usually used for physicians working in government agencies
- D.
Usually paid monthly or yearly
- E.
All of the above
- 6.All of these are methods for paying for hospitals EXCEPT:
- A.
Charge-based payments
- B.
Per-diem payments
- C.
Per-case payments
- D.
Budget payments
- E.
Managed Care
- 7.The method relatively common in Europe for paying hospitals is:
- A.
Salary
- B.
Per-diem
- C.
Per-case
- D.
Capitation
- E.
Charge-based
- 8.
- A.
Want is often thought of as a physiological or biological requirement for maintaining life such as need of air
- B.
Demand is the ability and desire to pay for goods and services
- C.
Need can be defined as the gap between optimal health and ill health or equivalently
- D.
Consumer is a person who uses a service
- E.
Cost containment means to keep costs within acceptable limits
- 9.Maslow's hierarchy of needs includes:
- A.
Esteem
- B.
Morality
- C.
Physiological
- D.
A+C
- E.
All of the above
- 10.Factors that distinguish health economics from other areas include all of these EXCEPT:
- A.
Barriers to entry
- B.
Externalities
- C.
Asymmetric information
- D.
Uncertainty
- E.
None of the above
- 11."A state of having limited knowledge where it is impossible to exactly describe the existing state , a future outcome" best describes :
- A.
Asymmetric information
- B.
Utilization
- C.
Uncertainty
- D.
Financial security
- E.
Personal security
- 12.Determinants of services utilization include:
- A.
Extent of illness
- B.
Awareness
- C.
Distance
- D.
Organizational factors
- E.
All of the above
- 13.High utilization rate suggests a:
- A.
Low level of morbidity
- B.
High standard of population health
- C.
Low level of service supply
- D.
High level of morbidity
- E.
Inaccessible health care services
- 14.All of these are true about " Economic evaluation" EXCEPT:
- A.
Measuring value of alternative course of action
- B.
Choosing the cheapest
- C.
Same as Opportunity cost
- D.
Comparative analysis of alternative courses of action in terms of both their costs and consequences
- E.
Applied to compare the cost and consequences of two or more alternative programs
- 15.The components of high quality care include all of these EXCEPT:
- A.
Adequacy
- B.
Efficiency
- C.
Effectiveness
- D.
Scientific -technical quality
- E.
Equity
- 16.One of these is NOT a type of economic evaluation:
- A.
CDA
- B.
CMA
- C.
CEA
- D.
CBA
- E.
CUA
- 17.An immunization program for poliomyelitis will cost 5,000,000 $ Dollars , and it is estimated that it will prevent 500,000 cases . The CEA ratio for this program is:
- A.
10
- B.
15
- C.
20
- D.
1/10
- E.
None of the above
- 18.
- A.
Cost minimization is a tool used in pharmacoeconomics
- B.
One of CBA purposes is to provide a basis for comparing actions
- C.
CUA measures outcomes in QALYs and DALYs
- D.
CBA needs more time than CUA and CEA
- E.
CMA is used to compare costs of alternative therapies that have identical clinical effectiveness
- 19.CBA is a helpful tool for what purpose:
- A.
Deciding whether to implement a specific program
- B.
Choosing among competing options
- C.
Choosing and setting priorities from a group of portential programs
- D.
Knowing the costs and benefits
- E.
All of the above
- 20.The WHO identified two broad areas of social determinants of health , the first was daily living conditions , the second was:
- A.
Health inequalities
- B.
Distribution of money,power ,resources
- C.
Leading causes of death
- D.
Non of the above
- 21."Disparities in Health ( or health care) that are systemic and avoidable" this is known as:
- A.
Health inequaties
- B.
Health disparities
- C.
Health equity
- D.
Health determinants
- 22.All of these are TRUE about international health disparities EXCEPT:
- A.
Even in the poorest countries there are disparities between poort and rich in health
- B.
Always there is no disparities in the context of the health care system
- C.
Access to health care is essential for equitable health
- D.
There is substantial variation in the health care system and coverage from country to country
- 23.The materialist/structuralist mechanisms which explain how social determinants influence health include all the following EXCEPT:
- A.
Availability of resources to access the facilities of life
- B.
Working conditions
- C.
Tobacco and alcohol use
- D.
Quality of available food and house among others
- 24.
- A.
Elderly people with Co-morbidity this will cause a financial burden on their income
- B.
Elderly people may have the opportunity to access information about their health and how to protect it
- C.
They face other barriers such as impaired mobility
- D.
Non of the above
- 25.Income inequality is associated with the following outcomes in low income people EXCEPT:
- A.
Homicide
- B.
Unemployment
- C.
A lot of reaction
- D.
High crime rates
- 26.Desirable quality that when achieved ,results in equitable access and exposure to social , political and economic resources , this is known as:
- A.
Health equity
- B.
Legal barriers
- C.
Social gradiant
- D.
Social justice
- 27.Compared with CBA and CUA , CEA is:
- A.
Easier to understand
- B.
More readily suited to decision making
- C.
Less time and resource intensive
- D.
All of the above
- 28.
- A.
Trained personnel
- B.
Facilities
- C.
Supplies,equipments
- D.
All of the above
- 29.Health care cost is raising so quickly due to:
- A.
Mechanization of health care services
- B.
Expansion in medical knowledge
- C.
Increasing the role of private sector and social insurance
- D.
A+B
- E.
All of the above
- 30.Fair distribution of resources with a goal to eliminate health care disparities known as:
- A.
Equity
- B.
Priority
- C.
Social justice
- D.
Efficiency
- 31.All of the following are similarities between Economists and Physicians EXCEPT:
- A.
Good decision requires comparing between benefits and risks
- B.
Both face Uncertanity
- C.
Often must take difficult decisions
- D.
Both are concerned with large aggregations
- E.
Reliance on quantitative information
- 32.One of the following in contribution of economics in health care services:
- A.
Reduce the proportion of uneducated people
- B.
Improve the quality of the life
- C.
Determination of the consequences of a particular choice
- D.
All of the above
- 33.All of those are factors that are taken into consideration when ranking problems EXCEPT:
- A.
Advances in knowledge
- B.
Prevalence of the problem
- C.
Availability of effective measures to solve the problem
- D.
Seriousness of the problem
- 34.Economics is concerned with all of the following EXCEPT:
- A.
Cost
- B.
Choice
- C.
Efficiency
- D.
Optimal Health
- E.
All of the above
- 35.One of the following is NOT TRUE about Economics:
- A.
The science of scarcity
- B.
Analysis how choices are structured
- C.
The level of functional or metabolic efficiency of living being
- D.
Deals with the consequences of resources scarcity
- 36.Health has many dimensions Such as:
- A.
Mental dimension
- B.
Social dimension
- C.
Emotional dimension
- D.
Philosophical dimension
- E.
All of the above
- 37.
- A.
The first international declaration underlining the importance of Primary Health Care
- B.
It consider health a human right
- C.
Economics and social development are important to reduce the gap between developing and developed countries
- D.
It was accepted by the member countries as the key to achieve the goal of " Health for All"
- E.
Non of the above
- 38.A health program against Smoking reduces the number of heart diseases and provides additional reduction in Asthma for children , One of these is TRUE:
- A.
Direct benefit: reduction in Asthma for children
- B.
Direct benefit: reduction in heart diseases
- C.
Indescribable benefit: reduction in heart diseases
- D.
Indirect benefit: reduction in Asthma for children
- E.
Two of the above
- 39.One of the following is NOT TRUE about primary health care :
- A.
Health problems can be satisfactory managed
- B.
Countrinity is the key characteristic of it
- C.
Provided by special physicians
- D.
Common chronic diseases are usually treated within it
- 40.One of these is NOT TRUE about Cost-utility analysis:
- A.
Combines life years saved with the quality of life during those years
- B.
Measures outcomes in QALYs and DALYs
- C.
Cost is measured in monetary units
- D.
Non of the above
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