Clinical Chemistry 1 Midterm Exam

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  • 1/85 Questions

    Which does not belong to the group?

    • Mean
    • Variance
    • Median
    • Mode
Please wait...
About This Quiz

Questions were prepared by MPCA of Block 14.
You can be anonymous if you wish, just use a different name.
If there are any corrections or wrong answers, lo siento.
Good luck!
20 - October - 2016

Clinical Chemistry Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    It is a characteristic of a Gaussian or Normal distribution.

    • Negative skew

    • Positive skew

    • Bell curve

    • Both a and b

    Correct Answer
    A. Bell curve
    Explanation
    A bell curve, also known as a Gaussian or Normal distribution, is a symmetrical probability distribution where the majority of the data is clustered around the mean, resulting in a characteristic bell-shaped curve. It is called a bell curve because when plotted on a graph, the data points create a shape that resembles a bell. The bell curve is characterized by having equal amounts of data on both sides of the mean, resulting in a skewness value of zero. Therefore, the correct answer is "Bell curve."

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  • 3. 

    It is the middle point of the data after it has been rank

    • Median

    • Mode

    • Mean

    • Center

    Correct Answer
    A. Median
    Explanation
    The median is the middle value of a dataset when it is arranged in ascending or descending order. It is the point that divides the data into two equal halves. To find the median, the data needs to be ranked first. Once the data is ranked, the middle value is identified as the median. This measure of central tendency is useful when dealing with skewed data or outliers, as it is not affected by extreme values.

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  • 4. 

    Ability of a method to detect only the analyte it is designed to determine

    • Analytic Specificity

    • Analytic Sensitivity

    • AMR

    • CRR

    Correct Answer
    A. Analytic Specificity
    Explanation
    Analytic specificity refers to the ability of a method to detect only the analyte it is designed to determine. This means that the method should not produce false positive or false negative results for other substances present in the sample. It is an important characteristic of analytical methods as it ensures accurate and reliable identification and quantification of the target analyte. Analytic sensitivity, on the other hand, refers to the ability of a method to detect low concentrations of the analyte. AMR and CRR are not relevant to the given explanation.

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  • 5. 

    It refers to the increase in plasma glucose.

    • Hypoglycemia

    • Insulinma

    • Hyperglycemia

    • Von Gierke Disease

    Correct Answer
    A. Hyperglycemia
    Explanation
    Hyperglycemia refers to the condition of having high levels of glucose in the blood. This can occur due to various reasons, such as insufficient insulin production or resistance to insulin. When there is an increase in plasma glucose, it indicates hyperglycemia. Hypoglycemia, on the other hand, refers to low levels of glucose in the blood. Insulinoma is a tumor of the pancreas that can cause excessive production of insulin, leading to hypoglycemia. Von Gierke Disease is a rare genetic disorder that affects glucose metabolism and can result in hypoglycemia. Therefore, the correct answer is hyperglycemia, as it aligns with the given explanation.

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  • 6. 

    Diabetes involved in pregnant women and due to metabolic and hormonal changes.

    • INDDM

    • Gestational Diabetes

    • IDDM

    • Both a and c

    Correct Answer
    A. Gestational Diabetes
    Explanation
    Gestational diabetes refers to diabetes that occurs during pregnancy. It is caused by the metabolic and hormonal changes that happen in pregnant women. This condition usually resolves after giving birth. The given answer, "Gestational Diabetes," accurately corresponds to the explanation provided.

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  • 7. 

    Patient with a condition who are classified by a test to have the condition.

    • True Negative

    • False Positive

    • True Positive

    • False Negative

    Correct Answer
    A. True Positive
    Explanation
    A true positive refers to a situation where a patient with a condition is correctly classified as having the condition by a test. In other words, the test correctly identifies the presence of the condition in a patient who actually has it.

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  • 8. 

    Ideal time of fasting prior to testing of FBG.

    • 10 - 16 hours

    • 3 - 5 hours

    • 8 - 10 hours

    • 9 - 13 hours

    Correct Answer
    A. 8 - 10 hours
    Explanation
    The ideal time of fasting prior to testing FBG (Fasting Blood Glucose) is 8-10 hours. This is because it allows enough time for the body to metabolize and use up any glucose present in the bloodstream, providing an accurate measurement of fasting blood sugar levels. Fasting for less than 8 hours may not provide an accurate reading as there may still be residual glucose from recent meals, while fasting for more than 10 hours may lead to hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) which can affect the test results.

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  • 9. 

    It is the most frequent occurring value in the data set.

    • Variance

    • Mean

    • Median

    • Mode

    Correct Answer
    A. Mode
    Explanation
    The mode is the most frequently occurring value in a data set. It is the value that appears the highest number of times. This is different from the mean, which is the average value, and the median, which is the middle value when the data set is arranged in order. The mode is useful for determining the most common value or category in a data set.

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  • 10. 

    It is the most used measure of center and refers to the average.

    • Median

    • Mode

    • Mean

    • Standard Deviation

    Correct Answer
    A. Mean
    Explanation
    The mean is the most commonly used measure of center and refers to the average. It is calculated by summing up all the values in a dataset and dividing it by the number of values. The mean provides a representative value that represents the central tendency of the data, making it a useful measure for analyzing and comparing datasets.

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  • 11. 

    It is the ability of a method to detect small quantities of an analyte

    • Clinically Reportable Range

    • Analytic Sensitivity

    • Specificity

    • Analytic Measurement Range

    Correct Answer
    A. Analytic Sensitivity
    Explanation
    Analytic sensitivity refers to the ability of a method to detect small quantities of an analyte. In other words, it measures how well a test can identify and measure low concentrations of a substance. This is an important aspect in clinical diagnostics as it determines the test's ability to accurately detect and quantify small amounts of a specific analyte in a patient's sample.

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  • 12. 

    It is an error that varies from sample to sample.

    • Proportional error

    • Constant error

    • Random error

    • Total error

    Correct Answer
    A. Random error
    Explanation
    Random error refers to the variation in measurements or observations that occurs due to unpredictable and uncontrollable factors. It is an error that is not consistent and can vary from sample to sample. Random errors can be caused by factors such as human error, instrument limitations, or environmental conditions. Unlike systematic errors, random errors cannot be corrected for and are inherent to the measurement process. Therefore, the given answer, "Random error," is the correct explanation for the statement provided.

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  • 13. 

    If 2 consecutive QC results for one level of control are outside ±2SD.

    • 2-2S Rule

    • 1-2S Rule

    • 1-3S Rule

    • 4-1S Rule

    Correct Answer
    A. 2-2S Rule
    Explanation
    The 2-2S Rule states that if two consecutive QC results for one level of control are outside ±2 standard deviations (SD), it indicates a potential problem with the process. This rule helps identify when the process is not performing within acceptable limits and requires investigation and corrective action. It is important to monitor QC results closely and take appropriate measures to maintain the quality of the process.

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  • 14. 

    After a glucose load was administered, blood glucose is determined in the 2nd hour.

    • Oral Glucose Tolerance Test

    • 2-Hr Post Prandial Test

    • Random Plasma Glucose

    • Fasting Blood Glucose

    Correct Answer
    A. 2-Hr Post Prandial Test
    Explanation
    The 2-Hr Post Prandial Test is the correct answer because it is a test that measures blood glucose levels two hours after a glucose load has been administered. This test is commonly used to assess glucose tolerance and diagnose diabetes. It helps to determine how well the body is able to regulate blood sugar levels after a meal.

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  • 15. 

    A condition where there is an excessive food intake.

    • Polydipsia

    • Polyphagia

    • Polyuria

    • Hyperbilirubinemia

    Correct Answer
    A. Polyphagia
    Explanation
    Polyphagia refers to a condition characterized by excessive food intake. This can be caused by various factors such as hormonal imbalances or certain medical conditions like diabetes. People with polyphagia often experience an insatiable appetite and an inability to control their food intake, leading to weight gain and potential health complications.

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  • 16. 
    Which of the following rules is violated in the chart given? - ProProfs

    Which of the following rules is violated in the chart given?

    • 2-1S Rule

    • 2-2S Rule

    • 1-3S Rule

    • 2-3S Rule

    Correct Answer
    A. 2-2S Rule
  • 17. 

    It allows comparing standard deviation with different units/

    • Coefficient of Variation

    • Range

    • Standard Deviation

    • Gaussian Curve

    Correct Answer
    A. Coefficient of Variation
    Explanation
    The coefficient of variation is a statistical measure that allows for the comparison of standard deviations with different units. It is calculated by dividing the standard deviation by the mean and multiplying by 100. This measure is useful when comparing the variability of data sets that have different means or units of measurement. The coefficient of variation provides a standardized way to compare the dispersion of data, making it a valuable tool in statistical analysis.

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  • 18. 

    Ability of a method to detect only the analyte of interest.

    • Analytic Sensitivity

    • Specificity

    • CRR

    • AMR

    Correct Answer
    A. Specificity
    Explanation
    Specificity refers to the ability of a method to accurately detect only the analyte of interest, without any interference from other substances. In other words, a highly specific method will not produce false positive results by mistakenly detecting other substances as the analyte. This is an important characteristic in analytical methods as it ensures that the results obtained are reliable and accurate for the specific analyte being measured.

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  • 19. 

    It is when 10 consecutive control fall on 1 side of the mean.

    • 10-1S Rule

    • R-4S Rule

    • 1-10S Rule

    • 10xÌ… Rule

    Correct Answer
    A. 10xÌ… Rule
    Explanation
    The 10xÌ… rule refers to a statistical principle where 10 consecutive data points fall on one side of the mean. This rule helps to identify potential outliers or unusual patterns in a dataset. By observing such a trend, it suggests that there may be a significant deviation from the expected behavior, indicating a need for further investigation or analysis.

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  • 20. 

    It is the primary energy source for brain, RBC and retinal cells.

    • Lipids

    • Carbohydrates

    • Protein

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Carbohydrates
    Explanation
    Carbohydrates are the primary energy source for the brain, red blood cells, and retinal cells. These cells rely on glucose, which is derived from carbohydrates, to function properly. Lipids and proteins can also be used as energy sources, but carbohydrates are the preferred source because they are more easily and quickly metabolized by the body. Therefore, carbohydrates are essential for providing the necessary energy for these specific cells.

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  • 21. 
    Which of the following rules is violated? - ProProfs

    Which of the following rules is violated?

    • 3-1S Rule

    • 1-3S Rule

    • 3S Rule

    • 1S Rule

    Correct Answer
    A. 1-3S Rule
    Explanation
    The 1-3S Rule is violated.

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  • 22. 

    It is the pathway of lipogenesis.

    • Carbohydrates --Insulin---> Fatty Acids

    • Glucose--Insulin--> Glycogen

    • Fats --> Glucose + Ketone bodies

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Carbohydrates --Insulin---> Fatty Acids
    Explanation
    Insulin is a hormone that regulates glucose metabolism in the body. When carbohydrates are consumed, they are broken down into glucose, which is then transported into cells with the help of insulin. In the presence of insulin, glucose is converted into fatty acids through a process called lipogenesis. This pathway allows excess glucose to be stored as fat for future energy needs. Therefore, the correct answer suggests that the pathway of lipogenesis is involved in the conversion of carbohydrates to fatty acids under the influence of insulin.

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  • 23. 

    Which does not belong to the group?

    • Range

    • Standard Deviation

    • Gaussian Distribution

    • Coefficient of Variation

    Correct Answer
    A. Gaussian Distribution
    Explanation
    The other three options, Range, Standard Deviation, and Coefficient of Variation, are all measures of dispersion or variability in a set of data. Gaussian Distribution, on the other hand, is a probability distribution that represents a continuous random variable. It is not a measure of dispersion, but rather a mathematical function that describes the likelihood of different outcomes occurring in a dataset. Therefore, Gaussian Distribution does not belong to the group of measures of dispersion.

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  • 24. 

    Approximately 68 percent of the data falls on what part of the curve? 

    • ± 2 SD

    • ± 1 SD

    • ± 3 SD

    • + 1 SD

    Correct Answer
    A. ± 1 SD
    Explanation
    Approximately 68 percent of the data falls within ± 1 SD of the curve. This is because in a normal distribution, about 68 percent of the data falls within one standard deviation of the mean. Standard deviation measures the spread of data points around the mean, so ± 1 SD encompasses a significant portion of the data.

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  • 25. 

    Lowest amount of analyte accurately detected by a method.

    • Analytic Measurement Range

    • Clinically Reportable Range

    • Limit of Detection

    • Analytic Sensitivity

    Correct Answer
    A. Limit of Detection
    Explanation
    The limit of detection refers to the lowest amount of analyte that can be accurately detected by a method. It is the point at which the analyte signal can be distinguished from the background noise with a certain level of confidence. This parameter is important in analytical chemistry as it determines the sensitivity of the method and its ability to detect low concentrations of the analyte.

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  • 26. 

    An error which is always in one direction.

    • Proportional Error

    • Total Error

    • Constant Error

    • Systematic Error

    Correct Answer
    A. Systematic Error
    Explanation
    Systematic error refers to an error that consistently occurs in the same direction, leading to consistent deviations from the true value. Unlike random errors, which can occur in any direction, systematic errors are predictable and can be attributed to a specific cause or flaw in the measurement process. This type of error can be minimized or eliminated through calibration or adjustment of the measurement system.

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  • 27. 

    Ability of a test to detect a given disease or condition.

    • Diagnostic sensitivity

    • Diagnostic specificity

    • Clinically important range

    • Recovery

    Correct Answer
    A. Diagnostic sensitivity
    Explanation
    Diagnostic sensitivity refers to the ability of a test to correctly identify individuals who have a particular disease or condition. It measures the proportion of true positive results, indicating that the test correctly detects the presence of the disease. A higher sensitivity indicates a lower rate of false negative results, meaning that the test is more likely to correctly identify those who have the disease. This is an important characteristic of a diagnostic test as it helps healthcare professionals accurately diagnose and treat patients.

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  • 28. 

    Choose the right pathway for Glycogenolysis.

    • Glucose --Insulin--> Glycogen

    • Glucose --Insulin---> Pyruvate

    • Glycogen --Glucagon---> Glucose

    • Glycogen --Glucagon---> Fatty Acids

    Correct Answer
    A. Glycogen --Glucagon---> Glucose
    Explanation
    Glycogenolysis is the breakdown of glycogen into glucose. Glucagon is a hormone that is released by the pancreas in response to low blood sugar levels. It stimulates the liver to break down glycogen into glucose and release it into the bloodstream, raising blood sugar levels. Therefore, the correct pathway for glycogenolysis is Glycogen --Glucagon---> Glucose.

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  • 29. 

    It is the difference between a measured value and its true value due to systematic error.

    • Inaccuracy

    • Precision

    • Imprecision

    • Accuracy

    Correct Answer
    A. Inaccuracy
    Explanation
    Inaccuracy refers to the difference between a measured value and its true value caused by systematic error. Systematic errors are consistent and predictable, leading to a consistent deviation from the true value. Inaccuracy is the opposite of accuracy, which refers to the closeness of a measured value to its true value. While precision relates to the consistency and reproducibility of measurements, imprecision refers to the lack of consistency or repeatability in measurements. Therefore, the given correct answer, inaccuracy, accurately describes the situation where a measured value deviates from its true value due to systematic error.

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  • 30. 

    Effect of a compound on the accuracy of detection of a particular analyte.

    • Interference

    • Matrix

    • Spiked

    • Both b and c

    Correct Answer
    A. Interference
    Explanation
    Interference refers to the effect of a compound on the accuracy of detecting a particular analyte. When there is interference, the presence of another compound can lead to false readings or inaccurate results in the detection of the analyte. This can occur due to chemical reactions, physical interactions, or other factors that disrupt the accuracy of the detection method. Therefore, interference is a crucial consideration in analytical chemistry to ensure reliable and precise measurements.

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  • 31. 

    It is the overall program that ensures that the final results reported by the laboratory are correct.

    • Quality Control

    • Method Evaluation

    • Quality Assurance

    • Comparison of Methods

    Correct Answer
    A. Quality Assurance
    Explanation
    Quality Assurance is the process that ensures the accuracy and reliability of the final results reported by the laboratory. It involves implementing and maintaining quality control measures, evaluating methods used in the laboratory, and comparing different methods to ensure consistency and accuracy in the testing process. Quality Assurance is essential to ensure that the laboratory's results are correct and reliable, providing confidence in the accuracy of the testing performed.

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  • 32. 

    Type of diabetes that is most likely to develop Nonketotic Hyperosmolar States?

    • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

    • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

    • Gestational Diabetes

    • Any of the choices

    Correct Answer
    A. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Explanation
    Nonketotic Hyperosmolar States (NHS) is a serious complication that can occur in individuals with uncontrolled diabetes. It is more commonly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. NHS is characterized by extremely high blood sugar levels and severe dehydration. Type 2 diabetes is often caused by insulin resistance, where the body's cells do not respond effectively to insulin. This leads to elevated blood sugar levels and increases the risk of developing NHS. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by the body's inability to produce insulin and is less likely to lead to NHS. Gestational diabetes, which occurs during pregnancy, can also increase the risk of developing NHS, but it is less likely compared to type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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  • 33. 

    Accumulation of ketones in the blood.

    • Ketonemia

    • Ketonuria

    • Both a and b

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Ketonemia
    Explanation
    Ketonemia refers to the presence of ketones in the blood. Ketones are produced when the body breaks down fat for energy instead of glucose. This can happen in conditions like uncontrolled diabetes or during fasting. Accumulation of ketones in the blood can lead to a condition called ketoacidosis, which can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. Ketonuria, on the other hand, refers to the presence of ketones in the urine. Therefore, the correct answer is "Both a and b" as both ketonemia and ketonuria indicate the presence of ketones in the blood and urine, respectively.

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  • 34. 

    It is the dispersion of repeated measurements about the mean due to analytic error.

    • Precision

    • Accuracy

    • Imprecision

    • Inaccuracy

    Correct Answer
    A. Imprecision
    Explanation
    The given correct answer is "Imprecision." Imprecision refers to the dispersion or variability of repeated measurements around the mean. It is caused by analytic errors, which can include random errors, systematic errors, or both. In other words, when measurements are imprecise, they are not consistent or reproducible, indicating a lack of reliability.

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  • 35. 

    Which of the following rules is violated if more than six consecutive values fall in one side of the mean?

    • Systemic Error

    • Shift

    • Trend

    • Random Error

    Correct Answer
    A. Shift
    Explanation
    If more than six consecutive values fall in one side of the mean, it suggests a systematic shift in the data. A shift refers to a consistent deviation of the data points from the mean in one direction. This violates the rule of a random error, which would cause the data points to be distributed evenly around the mean without any consistent pattern. A trend refers to a gradual change in the data over time, which is not applicable in this scenario. Therefore, the correct answer is shift.

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  • 36. 

    It refers to the probability that a patient does not have a disease if the result is within the reference range.

    • Negative Predicted Value

    • False Negative

    • True Positive

    • Positive Predicted Value

    Correct Answer
    A. Negative Predicted Value
    Explanation
    The negative predicted value refers to the probability that a patient does not have a disease if the result is within the reference range. In other words, it indicates the likelihood of a true negative result, where the test correctly identifies that the patient does not have the disease. This value is important in determining the accuracy of a diagnostic test and can help in ruling out the presence of a disease in a patient.

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  • 37. 

    Range of analyte that a method can quantitatively report.

    • Clinically Reportable Range

    • Analytic Measurement Range

    • Clinically Important Range

    • Limit of Detection

    Correct Answer
    A. Clinically Reportable Range
    Explanation
    The clinically reportable range refers to the range of analyte values that a method can accurately and reliably measure and report in a clinical setting. This range is determined based on the method's sensitivity, precision, and accuracy, and is typically defined by the laboratory or regulatory guidelines. It is important for the clinically reportable range to cover the range of analyte values that are clinically relevant and can provide useful information for patient diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring.

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  • 38. 

    It refers to the error where the magnitude changes as the percent of the analyte present.

    • Total error

    • Proportional error

    • Latitudinal error

    • Constant error

    Correct Answer
    A. Proportional error
    Explanation
    Proportional error refers to the error in which the magnitude changes in direct proportion to the percent of the analyte present. In other words, as the amount of the analyte increases or decreases, the error also increases or decreases proportionally. This type of error is commonly observed in analytical chemistry, where the accuracy of measurements can be affected by the concentration or amount of the substance being analyzed.

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  • 39. 

    Which of the following is the reference laboratory for Microbiology and Parasitology?

    • Lung Center of the Philippines

    • Research Institute for Tropical Medicine

    • East Avenue Medical Center

    • San Lazaro Hospital

    Correct Answer
    A. Research Institute for Tropical Medicine
    Explanation
    The Research Institute for Tropical Medicine is the reference laboratory for Microbiology and Parasitology. This means that it is the designated institution that specializes in conducting research, testing, and providing expertise in the field of microbiology and parasitology. As a reference laboratory, it serves as a central hub for diagnosing and studying various infectious diseases caused by microorganisms and parasites. Its expertise and resources make it an essential institution for accurate and reliable testing and analysis in this field.

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  • 40. 

    These are the materials analyzed for QC purposes.

    • Sample

    • Blood analyte

    • Control material

    • Plasma

    Correct Answer
    A. Control material
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Control material" because it is stated in the question that these materials are being analyzed for QC purposes. Control materials are substances with known values that are used to monitor the accuracy and precision of analytical measurements. Therefore, it makes sense that control material would be included in the list of materials being analyzed for QC purposes.

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  • 41. 

    Measures how closely a measured value agrees with the true value.

    • Inaccuracy

    • Accuracy

    • Imprecision

    • Precision

    Correct Answer
    A. Accuracy
    Explanation
    Accuracy is the correct answer because it refers to how closely a measured value agrees with the true value. It is a measure of how correct or exact a measurement is. Inaccuracy, on the other hand, refers to the lack of accuracy or the degree to which a measurement differs from the true value. Imprecision and precision are not the correct answers as they do not specifically relate to the agreement between a measured value and the true value.

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  • 42. 

    Which of the following sugars does not belong to the group?

    • Starch

    • Cellulose

    • Lactose

    • Glycogen

    Correct Answer
    A. Lactose
    Explanation
    Starch, cellulose, and glycogen are all polysaccharides, which are complex carbohydrates made up of multiple sugar units. Lactose, on the other hand, is a disaccharide composed of glucose and galactose. Therefore, lactose is the odd one out as it is not a polysaccharide like the other three options.

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  • 43. 

    Which of the following sugars is the component of Maltose?

    • Glucose and Glucose

    • Galactose and Glucose

    • Glucose and Fructose

    • Galactose and Galactose

    Correct Answer
    A. Glucose and Glucose
    Explanation
    Maltose is a disaccharide made up of two glucose molecules. Therefore, the correct answer is "Glucose and Glucose."

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  • 44. 

    It is used for monitoring tests performance and QC. It summarize the data generated by the laboratory.

    • Descriptive Statistics

    • Inferential Statistics

    • Differential Statistics

    • Scientific Analysis

    Correct Answer
    A. Descriptive Statistics
    Explanation
    Descriptive statistics is the correct answer because it involves summarizing and presenting data in a meaningful way. It is commonly used in monitoring test performance and quality control in laboratories. Descriptive statistics provide measures such as mean, median, and standard deviation, which help to understand the central tendency and variability of the data. By summarizing the data, descriptive statistics enable researchers and analysts to gain insights and draw conclusions about the performance and quality of tests in a laboratory setting.

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  • 45. 
    Which of the following rule is violated? - ProProfs

    Which of the following rule is violated?

    • R-6S Rule

    • 4-1S Rule

    • 4-RS Rule

    • R-4S Rule

    Correct Answer
    A. R-4S Rule
  • 46. 

    It is used to verify the acceptability of new methods.

    • Quality Control

    • Quality Assurance

    • Method Evaluation

    • Comparison of Method

    Correct Answer
    A. Method Evaluation
    Explanation
    Method evaluation is the correct answer because it involves the process of assessing and determining the acceptability and effectiveness of new methods. This evaluation helps in verifying whether the new methods meet the required standards and can be implemented in practice. It is an essential step in quality control and quality assurance to ensure that the methods used are reliable, accurate, and efficient.

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  • 47. 

    Represents the relationship of all data points to the mean.

    • Measure of Spread

    • Measure of Size

    • Measure of Shape

    • Measure of Data

    Correct Answer
    A. Measure of Spread
    Explanation
    The measure of spread represents the relationship of all data points to the mean. It provides information about how the data is distributed or spread out around the average value. It helps to understand the variability or dispersion of the data points. A larger measure of spread indicates a wider distribution, while a smaller measure of spread indicates a more concentrated or narrow distribution. Therefore, the measure of spread is used to quantify the extent to which data deviates or varies from the mean.

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  • 48. 

    It is a graphical representation of observed values of a control material.

    • Levey-Jennings Chart

    • Gaussian Distribution

    • Deming Plot

    • Both a and c

    Correct Answer
    A. Levey-Jennings Chart
    Explanation
    A Levey-Jennings Chart is a graphical representation of observed values of a control material. It is commonly used in quality control to monitor the performance of laboratory tests and ensure accuracy and precision. The chart plots the control values over time, allowing for the identification of trends, shifts, or outliers in the data. This helps in detecting and correcting any potential issues in the testing process, ensuring reliable and consistent results. The Levey-Jennings Chart is a valuable tool in maintaining the quality and reliability of laboratory testing.

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  • 49. 

    Which of the following does not belong to the group?

    • Lactose

    • Glucose

    • Fructose

    • Galactose

    Correct Answer
    A. Lactose
    Explanation
    Lactose is the only disaccharide in the given options, while the rest are monosaccharides. Disaccharides are formed by the combination of two monosaccharides, in this case, glucose and galactose. Therefore, lactose is the odd one out as it is not a single sugar molecule like the others.

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  • Mar 15, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
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  • Oct 19, 2016
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