Complications Of Diabetes Mellitus

2.

Signs and Symptoms of hypoglycemia or low blood sugar include all but the following

Fruity Breath
Weakness
Loss of consciousness
Sweating
Hunger

Correct Answer

A. Fruity Breath

Explanation

Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, can cause various signs and symptoms. Fruity breath is not typically associated with hypoglycemia, but it is a common symptom of a condition called diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which occurs when blood sugar levels are consistently high. The other symptoms listed, such as weakness, loss of consciousness, sweating, and hunger, are commonly experienced during episodes of hypoglycemia.

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3.

Signs and Symptoms of hyperglycemia or high blood sugar include all but the following

Blood Sugar of 120
Frequent urination
Thirst
Hunger
Vomiting

Correct Answer

A. Blood Sugar of 120

Explanation

Hyperglycemia or high blood sugar is characterized by elevated levels of glucose in the blood. The signs and symptoms typically include frequent urination, thirst, and hunger. Vomiting, although not a common symptom of hyperglycemia, can occur in severe cases. However, a blood sugar level of 120 is within the normal range and does not indicate hyperglycemia. Therefore, the correct answer is "Blood Sugar of 120."

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4.

Diabetic Ketoacidosis is also referred to as diabetic acidosis and diabetic coma

True
False

Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of diabetes characterized by high blood sugar levels, dehydration, and the production of ketones. It can lead to a life-threatening condition called diabetic coma. Therefore, it is correct to say that DKA is also referred to as diabetic acidosis and diabetic coma.

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5.

Hypoglycemia causes an increase in urine and abdominal cramps

True
False

Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

Hypoglycemia is a condition characterized by low blood sugar levels. It typically causes symptoms such as dizziness, sweating, confusion, and weakness. However, it does not directly cause an increase in urine or abdominal cramps. These symptoms are more commonly associated with other conditions such as urinary tract infections or gastrointestinal issues. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

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6.

Rapid, deep respirations associated with dyspnea is called______________ and it can be a manifestation of Diabetic Ketoacidosis.

Correct Answer
Kussmaul Respirations
Kussmauls Respirations
Kussmaul Respiration
Kussmauls Respiration
Kussmaul
Kussmauls

Explanation
Rapid, deep respirations associated with dyspnea is called Kussmaul Respirations. This is a manifestation of Diabetic Ketoacidosis.

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7.

When an individual is hospitalized with Diabetic Ketoacidosis or Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome what electrolyte should be closely monitored?

Sodium
Potassium
Bicarbonate
Chloride

Correct Answer

A. Potassium

Explanation

When an individual is hospitalized with Diabetic Ketoacidosis or Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome, their body experiences an imbalance in electrolytes. Potassium is an important electrolyte that plays a crucial role in maintaining proper functioning of the heart, muscles, and nerves. In these conditions, there is a risk of potassium levels dropping too low (hypokalemia) due to increased urine output and vomiting. Low potassium levels can lead to dangerous complications such as irregular heart rhythms. Therefore, it is important to closely monitor potassium levels in these patients to prevent any potential complications.

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8.

What risk factor can not be decreased to protect against Macrovascular complications?

Obesity
High fat intake
Genetic Makeup
Smoking
Hypertension

Correct Answer

A. Genetic Makeup

Explanation

Genetic makeup refers to the genes inherited from parents, which cannot be changed or altered. Unlike other risk factors such as obesity, high fat intake, smoking, and hypertension, genetic makeup is not modifiable. Therefore, no matter how much effort is made to decrease other risk factors, genetic makeup remains a constant factor that cannot be decreased to protect against macrovascular complications.

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9.

Angiopathy is one of the leading causes of diabetes-related deaths

True
False

Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Angiopathy refers to the damage or disease of blood vessels, and it is indeed one of the leading causes of diabetes-related deaths. Diabetes can lead to high blood sugar levels, which in turn can damage the blood vessels throughout the body. This damage can affect various organs and tissues, leading to complications such as heart disease, kidney disease, and stroke. Therefore, it is true that angiopathy plays a significant role in diabetes-related deaths.

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10.

Diabetic Nephropathy is nerve damage that can occur with Diabetes Mellitus.

True
False

Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

Diabetic nephropathy is not nerve damage, but rather kidney damage that can occur as a complication of diabetes mellitus. It is a condition where the kidneys are unable to filter waste products from the blood properly, leading to the accumulation of toxins and ultimately kidney failure.

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11.

Long-term complications of Diabetes Mellitus involve prevention, detection and monitoring of the following? Note: More than one answer may be correct

Retinopathy,
Cardiovascular disease
Neuropathology,
Nephropathy,

Correct Answer(s)

A. Retinopathy,
A. Cardiovascular disease
A. Neuropathology,
A. Nephropathy,

Explanation

The long-term complications of Diabetes Mellitus involve the prevention, detection, and monitoring of retinopathy, cardiovascular disease, neuropathology, and nephropathy. These complications can occur due to the damage caused by high blood sugar levels over time. Retinopathy refers to damage to the blood vessels in the retina of the eye, which can lead to vision problems and even blindness. Cardiovascular disease includes conditions such as heart disease and stroke, which are more common in people with diabetes. Neuropathology refers to nerve damage, which can cause pain, numbness, and other symptoms. Nephropathy refers to kidney damage, which can lead to kidney failure if not properly managed.

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12.

Patients with diabetes often have depression and high rates of psychiatric disorders.

True
False

Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Patients with diabetes often have depression and high rates of psychiatric disorders. This is because diabetes is a chronic condition that requires constant management and can have a significant impact on a person's physical and emotional well-being. The stress and lifestyle changes associated with diabetes can contribute to the development of depression and other psychiatric disorders. Additionally, the biological mechanisms underlying diabetes and depression are interconnected, with both conditions involving imbalances in neurotransmitters and hormones. Therefore, it is true that patients with diabetes often have depression and high rates of psychiatric disorders.

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13.

Patients with diabetes are at high risk for the all of the following except:

Infections
Skin problems
Amputations
Foot ulcerations
Hair loss
Mental illness

Correct Answer

A. Hair loss

Explanation

Patients with diabetes are at high risk for various complications, including infections, skin problems, amputations, foot ulcerations, and mental illness. However, hair loss is not typically associated with diabetes. Hair loss can be caused by a variety of factors, such as genetics, hormonal changes, and certain medical conditions, but it is not directly linked to diabetes.

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14.

Which of the following will probably NOT cause a diabetic emergency in a patient with a history of diabetes controlled by medication?

Eating a regularly scheduled meal
Unusual exercise or fatigue
Overeating
Infection

Correct Answer

A. Eating a regularly scheduled meal

Explanation

Reason: Changes in the level of consciousness in a patient who has diabetes, but who controls it with medication, can occur from unusual exercise, fatigue, overeating without increasing the insulin dose, infection, illness, or alcohol.

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15.

Certain Racial and ethnic groups are at risk of becoming a diabetic.

True
False

Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Certain racial and ethnic groups are indeed at a higher risk of developing diabetes compared to others. This is supported by scientific research and studies that have shown disparities in diabetes prevalence among different racial and ethnic populations. Factors such as genetics, lifestyle, socioeconomic status, and access to healthcare all contribute to these disparities. Therefore, it is true that certain racial and ethnic groups are at risk of becoming diabetic.

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Complications Of Diabetes Mellitus

Write a short paragraph about angiopathy with regards to it being a complication of Diabetes

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Signs and Symptoms of hypoglycemia or low blood sugar include all but the following

Signs and Symptoms of hyperglycemia or high blood sugar include all but the following

Diabetic Ketoacidosis is also referred to as diabetic acidosis and diabetic coma

Hypoglycemia causes an increase in urine and abdominal cramps

Rapid, deep respirations associated with dyspnea is called______________ and it can be a manifestation of Diabetic Ketoacidosis.

When an individual is hospitalized with Diabetic Ketoacidosis or Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome what electrolyte should be closely monitored?

What risk factor can not be decreased to protect against Macrovascular complications?

Angiopathy is one of the leading causes of diabetes-related deaths

Diabetic Nephropathy is nerve damage that can occur with Diabetes Mellitus.

Long-term complications of Diabetes Mellitus involve prevention, detection and monitoring of the following? Note: More than one answer may be correct

Patients with diabetes often have depression and high rates of psychiatric disorders.

Patients with diabetes are at high risk for the all of the following except:

Which of the following will probably NOT cause a diabetic emergency in a patient with a history of diabetes controlled by medication?

Certain Racial and ethnic groups are at risk of becoming a diabetic.