RNA differs from DNA in the following ways

DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded

Only DNA codes for genetic information

RNA codes for information passed between the nucleus and the rest of the cell

The bases of DNA include adenine while RNA uses uracil in its place

Molecular Basis Of Heredity For Leland Hs Bio II

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Questions: 10 | Attempts: 148 | Updated: Mar 20, 2023

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Molecular Basis Of Heredity For Leland Hs Bio II - Quiz

Pretest for the unit Molecular Basis of Heredity

Questions and Answers

1.

An organism that has two identical alleles for the same trait is heterozygous
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
The given statement is incorrect. An organism that has two identical alleles for the same trait is actually homozygous, not heterozygous. Heterozygous refers to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait.

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2.

The physical appearance of a gene
- A.
  
  Genotype
- B.
  
  Inheritance
- C.
  
  Phenotype
- D.
  
  Mesotype
Correct Answer
C. Phenotype

Explanation
Phenotype refers to the physical appearance or characteristics of an organism, which are determined by its genotype and influenced by environmental factors. It includes observable traits such as hair color, eye color, and height. The genotype, on the other hand, refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, which determines its inherited traits. Inheritance is the process by which traits are passed down from parents to offspring. Mesotype is not a recognized term in genetics.

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3.

This is an observable trait of an organism that can mask the recessive trait.
- A.
  
  Recessive
- B.
  
  Appearance
- C.
  
  Dominant
- D.
  
  Competitive
Correct Answer
C. Dominant

Explanation
Dominant traits are observable traits that can mask the presence of recessive traits. These traits are expressed in an organism's phenotype, or physical appearance. In a genetic cross between two organisms, if one parent carries a dominant allele for a particular trait, it will be expressed in the offspring, regardless of whether the other parent carries a recessive allele for that trait. This is why the term "dominant" is the correct answer, as it describes the observable trait that can override the recessive trait.

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4.

This is a segment of DNA on the chromosome that is coded for a particular trait.
- A.
  
  Chromosome
- B.
  
  Nucleotide
- C.
  
  Gene
- D.
  
  Chromatid
Correct Answer
C. Gene

Explanation
A gene is a segment of DNA on the chromosome that is coded for a particular trait. Genes are responsible for carrying the instructions for making proteins, which are essential for the functioning and development of an organism. Each gene contains the information needed to produce a specific protein or RNA molecule, which ultimately determines the expression of a particular trait.

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5.

RNA differs from DNA in the following ways
- A.
  
  DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded
- B.
  
  The bases of DNA include adenine while RNA uses uracil in its place
- C.
  
  Only DNA codes for genetic information
- D.
  
  RNA codes for information passed between the nucleus and the rest of the cell
Correct Answer(s)
A. DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded
C. Only DNA codes for genetic information
D. RNA codes for information passed between the nucleus and the rest of the cell

Explanation
DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded. This means that DNA consists of two complementary strands of nucleotides, while RNA consists of a single strand. Only DNA codes for genetic information, as it contains the instructions for the synthesis of proteins and the transmission of hereditary traits. On the other hand, RNA codes for information passed between the nucleus and the rest of the cell. It plays a crucial role in gene expression by carrying the genetic information from the DNA to the ribosomes, where proteins are synthesized.

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6.

The process of copying information from DNA to RNA is ____________________

Correct Answer(s)
transcription

Explanation
This is transcription

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4
7.

Mitosis is a process where a parent cell divides into four sex cells with half the chromosomes.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
This is meiosis

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8.

The structure that houses the cells genetic information.
- A.
  
  The endoplasmic reticulum
- B.
  
  The cell membrane
- C.
  
  The cytoplasm
- D.
  
  The nucleus
Correct Answer
D. The nucleus

Explanation
The nucleus is the correct answer because it is the structure that houses the cell's genetic information. It contains the cell's DNA, which carries the instructions for the cell's functions and characteristics. The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear membrane, which separates it from the rest of the cell's cytoplasm. Inside the nucleus, there is a nucleolus and chromatin, which condenses into chromosomes during cell division. Overall, the nucleus plays a crucial role in controlling the cell's activities and transmitting genetic information to future generations.

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9.

This is the complete set of all chromosomes of a cell of any living organism. They are often displayed in a photograph of chromosomes that have been grouped into matching pairs.
- A.
  
  Genotype
- B.
  
  Multiple Alleles
- C.
  
  Karotype
- D.
  
  Phenotype
Correct Answer
C. Karotype

Explanation
A karyotype refers to the complete set of chromosomes in a cell of any living organism. It is often displayed in a photograph where the chromosomes are grouped into matching pairs. This allows scientists to analyze and study the structure and number of chromosomes in an individual. By examining the karyotype, genetic abnormalities and disorders can be identified.

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10.

An allele is one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
An allele refers to the different versions or variations of a gene that can arise due to mutations. These alleles are located at the same position on a chromosome. Therefore, the statement that an allele is one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome is true.

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Current Version
Mar 20, 2023

Quiz Edited by
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Dec 13, 2016

Quiz Created by
Kenm21804

Molecular Basis Of Heredity For Leland Hs Bio II

An organism that has two identical alleles for the same trait is heterozygous

The physical appearance of a gene

This is an observable trait of an organism that can mask the recessive trait.

This is a segment of DNA on the chromosome that is coded for a particular trait.

RNA differs from DNA in the following ways

The process of copying information from DNA to RNA is ____________________

Mitosis is a process where a parent cell divides into four sex cells with half the chromosomes.

The structure that houses the cells genetic information.

This is the complete set of all chromosomes of a cell of any living organism. They are often displayed in a photograph of chromosomes that have been grouped into matching pairs.

An allele is one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome