Modern Theory Of Evolution

2.

According to the theory of evolution, differences in species may be the result of

Disuse of body structures
Transmission of acquired characteristics
Natural selection
Mutagenic agents

Correct Answer

A. Natural selection

Explanation

Natural selection is the correct answer because it is a fundamental concept in the theory of evolution. It states that individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on those traits to future generations. Over time, this leads to changes in species as those with less advantageous traits are less likely to survive and reproduce. Natural selection is driven by the environment and the interactions between organisms and their surroundings, allowing for the adaptation and diversification of species.

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3.

Darwin's studies of finches on the Galapagos Islands suggest that the finches' differences in beak structure were most directly due to

acquired characteristics in the parent finches
the size of the island where the finches live
mating behaviors of the different finch species
Adaptations of the finches to different environments

Correct Answer

A. Adaptations of the finches to different environments

Explanation

The correct answer is adaptations of the finches to different environments. Darwin's studies of finches on the Galapagos Islands showed that different species of finches had variations in their beak structures, which allowed them to adapt to different food sources available in their respective environments. This suggests that the finches' differences in beak structure were a result of adaptations to their specific habitats and the food resources available to them.

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4.

Charles Darwin proposed that organisms produce many more offspring than can possible survive on the limited amount of resources available to them. According to Darwin, the offspring that are most likely to survive are those that

Are born first and grow fastest
are largest and most aggressive
have no natural predators
Are best adapted to the environment

Correct Answer

A. Are best adapted to the environment

Explanation

According to Charles Darwin, organisms produce many more offspring than can possibly survive due to limited resources. The offspring that are most likely to survive are those that are best adapted to the environment. This means that they possess traits and characteristics that enable them to effectively compete for resources, avoid predators, and thrive in their specific ecological niche. Natural selection favors these individuals, as they are more likely to pass on their advantageous traits to future generations, leading to the gradual adaptation and evolution of species over time.

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5.

One concept that supports the theory of evolution states that organisms best adapted for survival are the ones that will reproduce and pass traits on to future generations. Adaptations that can be passed on do not include

The number of limbs the organism has
The abilility to conduct a mating dance taught by older males
the nervous system an organism has
The type of mitochondria the organism inherits

Correct Answer

A. The abilility to conduct a mating dance taught by older males

Explanation

The concept of evolution by natural selection focuses on the passing on of traits that enhance an organism's survival and reproductive success. The number of limbs, the nervous system, and the type of mitochondria are all inheritable traits that can affect an organism's survival. However, the ability to conduct a mating dance taught by older males is a learned behavior and not a heritable trait. Therefore, it is not included as an adaptation that can be passed on to future generations.

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6.

Variations within a species are most likely the result of

Mutations and sexual reproduction
Mitosis and asexual reproduction
Overpopulation and recombination
Synapsis and disjunction

Correct Answer

A. Mutations and sexual reproduction

Explanation

Variations within a species are most likely the result of mutations and sexual reproduction. Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can lead to new traits or characteristics in an organism. Sexual reproduction, on the other hand, involves the combination of genetic material from two parents, resulting in offspring with a unique combination of traits. Both mutations and sexual reproduction contribute to genetic diversity within a species, allowing for adaptation to changing environments and the potential for evolution over time.

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7.

The Galapagos Islands in the Pacific were probably never connected to South America. However, in the various habitats on the islands, there are about 14 species of finchlike birds that appear to be related to the finches on the South American mainland. Although the Galapagos finches vary in beak structure, there is a close resemblance between these species in plumage, calls, nests, and eggs. These species do not interbreed and do not compete for food. Statement: Isolation from the South American mainland and different habitats on theGalapagos Islands are important factors in the production of new species.

The statement is supported by the information given.
The statement is contradicted by the information given.
The statement is not supported by the information given.
No relevant information is given regarding the statement

Correct Answer

A. The statement is supported by the information given.

Explanation

The information given states that the Galapagos Islands were never connected to South America, but there are finchlike birds on the islands that appear to be related to the finches on the South American mainland. This suggests that isolation from the mainland played a role in the development of these new species. Additionally, the fact that the Galapagos finches vary in beak structure but have a close resemblance in other aspects such as plumage, calls, nests, and eggs further supports the idea that different habitats on the islands also played a role in the production of new species. Therefore, the statement is supported by the information given.

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Modern Theory Of Evolution

The modern theory on evolution is centered on the role of natural selection in adaptation. Natural selection is

Quiz Preview

According to the theory of evolution, differences in species may be the result of

Darwin's studies of finches on the Galapagos Islands suggest that the finches' differences in beak structure were most directly due to

Charles Darwin proposed that organisms produce many more offspring than can possible survive on the limited amount of resources available to them. According to Darwin, the offspring that are most likely to survive are those that

One concept that supports the theory of evolution states that organisms best adapted for survival are the ones that will reproduce and pass traits on to future generations. Adaptations that can be passed on do not include

Variations within a species are most likely the result of