Chapter 5 - Infection Control

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1. Fungal infections are much more common on the ________________ than on the hands.

Explanation

Fungal infections are much more common on the feet than on the hands because the warm and moist environment created by shoes and socks provides an ideal breeding ground for fungi. Additionally, the feet are often exposed to public areas such as locker rooms and swimming pools where fungi can easily be contracted.

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About This Quiz
Pathogenic Microbiology Quizzes & Trivia

This quiz in Chapter 5 - Infection Control covers key concepts about bacteria, including types and characteristics, and the role of disinfectants. It assesses understanding of pathogenic and... see morenonpathogenic bacteria, their functions, and the terminology used in microbiology and public health. see less

2. A contagious skin disease caused by the itch mite is __________.

Explanation

Scabies is a contagious skin disease caused by the itch mite. It is characterized by intense itching and a rash that is often worse at night. The mite burrows into the top layer of the skin, causing red, raised bumps and small blisters. Scabies can be spread through close physical contact, such as sexual activity or sharing bedding or clothing. Prompt treatment with medication is necessary to eliminate the mites and prevent the spread of the disease. Blood poisoning, lesions, and HIV/AIDS are unrelated to scabies.

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3. When using disinfectants, you must always ______________ and avoid skin and eye contact

Explanation

When using disinfectants, it is important to wear gloves to protect your skin and avoid any contact with your eyes. Disinfectants contain chemicals that can be harmful if they come into direct contact with your skin or eyes. Wearing gloves provides a physical barrier and helps prevent any accidental exposure or absorption of the disinfectant. By wearing gloves, you can ensure your safety and minimize the risk of any adverse effects.

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4. The ability of the body to destroy or resist infections is known as ____________.

Explanation

The ability of the body to destroy or resist infections is known as immunity. Immunity refers to the body's ability to defend itself against harmful pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites. It involves the immune system recognizing and neutralizing these foreign invaders, preventing them from causing illness or disease. Immunity can be acquired naturally through exposure to infections or artificially through vaccines. It plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health and preventing the spread of infectious diseases.

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5. Tools must be cleaned and disinfected ____________________.

Explanation

Tools must be cleaned and disinfected after each use to maintain hygiene and prevent the spread of germs and bacteria. This ensures that the tools are safe to use for the next person and reduces the risk of contamination. Cleaning and disinfecting after each use also helps to prolong the lifespan of the tools and maintain their effectiveness. It is a standard practice in various industries, such as healthcare, food service, and beauty, to clean and disinfect tools after each use to prioritize safety and cleanliness.

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6. The presence of pus is a sign of:

Explanation

The presence of pus is a sign of bacterial infection. Pus is a thick, yellowish fluid that is produced by the body in response to an infection. It contains dead white blood cells, tissue debris, and bacteria. When the body detects the presence of bacteria, it sends white blood cells to the site of infection to fight off the invaders. As the white blood cells die in the process, they accumulate along with the bacteria and other debris, forming pus. Therefore, the presence of pus indicates the presence of bacteria and an ongoing bacterial infection.

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7. If the label on a disinfection product includes the word concentrate, it means that the product must be:

Explanation

If a disinfection product includes the word "concentrate" on its label, it means that the product needs to be diluted before use. This suggests that the product is highly concentrated and should not be used directly without dilution with water or another suitable solvent. Dilution helps to ensure that the product is used at the appropriate concentration, making it safe and effective for its intended purpose of disinfection.

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8. There are thousands of different kinds of bacteria, but they are classified into the following two primary types: _______________.

Explanation

Bacteria can be classified into pathogenic and nonpathogenic types. Pathogenic bacteria are capable of causing disease in their host organisms, while nonpathogenic bacteria do not cause harm or disease. This classification helps in understanding the potential effects of different bacteria on living organisms and aids in developing appropriate strategies for prevention and treatment of bacterial infections.

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9. What is a condition, characterized by redness, heat, pain, and redness, in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection?

Explanation

Inflammation is a condition characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling in the body as a response to injury, irritation, or infection. It is a natural defense mechanism of the body to protect and heal itself. Inflammation can occur in various parts of the body and can be acute or chronic. It is often accompanied by other symptoms such as fever, loss of function, and fatigue. Treatment for inflammation usually involves addressing the underlying cause and may include medication, rest, and lifestyle changes.

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10. The two steps of infection control are ________________ then disinfecting.

Explanation

The two steps of infection control are cleaning, which involves removing dirt, debris, and germs from surfaces, followed by disinfecting, which involves using chemicals to kill any remaining germs. Cleaning is necessary to physically remove the germs from surfaces before disinfection can effectively kill them.

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11. Disinfectants used in salons must be bactericidal, fungicidal, and ____________.

Explanation

Disinfectants used in salons need to be able to kill bacteria and fungi, as well as viruses. Therefore, they must be virucidal to effectively eliminate any potential viruses present in the salon environment.

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12. Hepatitis is a bloodborne disease that damages which part of the body?

Explanation

Hepatitis is a bloodborne disease that specifically targets and damages the liver. The virus causing hepatitis infects the liver cells, leading to inflammation and potential scarring. This can result in various complications such as liver failure, cirrhosis, and even liver cancer. Therefore, the correct answer is liver.

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13. After they have been properly cleaned and disinfected, implements should be stored in a(n) __________ container

Explanation

After properly cleaning and disinfecting implements, it is important to store them in a clean, covered container. This helps to maintain their cleanliness and prevent any contamination or damage. By keeping them covered, it also helps to protect the implements from dust, dirt, and other external factors that could compromise their sanitation. Therefore, storing them in a clean, covered container is the most appropriate option.

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14. 5.25 percent sodium hypochlorite is also know as ______________________.

Explanation

5.25 percent sodium hypochlorite is commonly known as household bleach. Household bleach is a solution that contains sodium hypochlorite as its active ingredient. It is used for disinfecting and sanitizing purposes, as well as for removing stains and whitening clothes. Sodium hypochlorite is a strong oxidizing agent and has antimicrobial properties, making it an effective household cleaning agent.

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15. One-celled microorganisms having both plant and animal characteristics are _______.

Explanation

Bacteria are one-celled microorganisms that can exhibit both plant and animal characteristics. They can photosynthesize like plants, using sunlight to produce energy, and some can also move and consume organic matter like animals. Bacteria are a diverse group of microorganisms that play important roles in various ecosystems and can have both beneficial and harmful effects on other organisms.

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16. Nonpathogenic bacteria are ________.

Explanation

Nonpathogenic bacteria are harmless. This means that they do not cause harm or disease in humans or other organisms. Unlike pathogenic bacteria, which can cause infections and illnesses, nonpathogenic bacteria are generally beneficial or neutral in their interactions with their hosts. They may even play important roles in maintaining the balance of ecosystems and supporting the health of organisms.

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17. Phenols may _________ certain rubber and plastic materials.

Explanation

Phenols have the potential to cause harm or deterioration to rubber and plastic materials. This suggests that they can negatively affect the integrity and performance of these materials, leading to their damage.

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18. ____________ precautions were introduced in 1966 to replace Universal Precautions.

Explanation

Standard precautions were introduced in 1966 to replace Universal Precautions. These precautions are a set of infection control practices that are designed to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases in healthcare settings. They are based on the assumption that all patients could potentially have an infectious disease, and therefore, healthcare workers should take the same precautions with every patient. Standard precautions include hand hygiene, the use of personal protective equipment, safe injection practices, and proper handling and disposal of contaminated materials.

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19. The first step of infection control is known as ________________.

Explanation

The first step of infection control is known as cleaning. Cleaning refers to the process of removing dirt, debris, and germs from surfaces through the use of soap, water, and friction. It is an essential step in preventing the spread of infections as it helps to reduce the number of microorganisms present on surfaces. Cleaning is typically followed by disinfection or sterilization, which further eliminate or kill remaining microorganisms. Immunization, on the other hand, involves the administration of vaccines to stimulate the immune system and protect against specific infections.

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20. Submicroscopic particles that infect cells of a biological organism are known as _______.

Explanation

Viruses are submicroscopic particles that infect cells of a biological organism. They are not considered as infections themselves, but rather the cause of infections. Fungi and parasites can also cause infections, but they are not specifically referred to as submicroscopic particles. Therefore, the correct answer is viruses.

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21. The HIV is spread mainly through ________.

Explanation

HIV is primarily transmitted through the exchange of certain body fluids, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk. Sharing needles by intravenous drug users can lead to the transmission of HIV because it allows for the direct exchange of blood between individuals, increasing the risk of infection. Other modes of transmission mentioned in the options, such as holding hands, sharing food, or sharing bathroom facilities, do not typically pose a significant risk for HIV transmission.

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22. Quats solutions are ____________ disinfectants when used properly in the salon.

Explanation

Quats solutions are very effective disinfectants when used properly in the salon. This means that when these solutions are used correctly, they have a high level of effectiveness in killing or reducing the presence of harmful microorganisms in the salon environment. It is important to follow the instructions and guidelines for using quats solutions to ensure their maximum effectiveness in maintaining a clean and safe salon space.

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23. Pathogenic bacteria that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism are known as ________.

Explanation

Pathogenic bacteria that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism are known as parasites. These bacteria rely on the host organism for their survival and cause harm or disease to the host. They can invade tissues, release toxins, and disrupt normal bodily functions. Unlike saprophytes, which obtain nutrients from dead organic matter, parasites require a living host to thrive. Cocci and spore forming are not specific terms for bacteria that exhibit pathogenic behavior.

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24. A multiuse, or _________________, item can be cleaned, disinfected, and used on more than one person, even if the item is accidentally exposed to blood or body fluid.

Explanation

A reusable item can be cleaned, disinfected, and used on more than one person, even if the item is accidentally exposed to blood or body fluid. Unlike disposable items that are intended for single-use and must be discarded after each use, reusable items are designed to withstand cleaning and disinfection processes to ensure their safe and continued use. This makes them a practical and cost-effective option in healthcare settings where infection control is crucial.

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25. Disinfectants used in salons must carry a(n) ___________ registration number

Explanation

Disinfectants used in salons must carry a registration number from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The EPA is responsible for regulating and ensuring the safety of disinfectants and other chemicals used in various industries, including salons. The registration number indicates that the disinfectant has been approved by the EPA and meets the necessary standards for use in salons. This helps to protect the health and safety of salon workers and customers by ensuring that the disinfectants being used are effective and safe.

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26. As a cosmetologist, you are _______________ to recommend treatments for diseases.

Explanation

As a cosmetologist, you are not allowed to recommend treatments for diseases. This is because cosmetologists are not trained or licensed to diagnose or treat medical conditions. Their expertise lies in providing beauty and aesthetic treatments, such as hair styling, makeup, and skincare. Recommending treatments for diseases falls under the purview of medical professionals, such as doctors or dermatologists, who have the necessary knowledge and qualifications to diagnose and treat medical conditions.

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27. The transmission of blood or body fluids through touching, kissing, coughing, sneezing, or talking is known as _________ transmission.

Explanation

Direct transmission refers to the transmission of blood or body fluids through direct contact such as touching, kissing, coughing, sneezing, or talking. This means that the transmission occurs without any intermediaries or barriers, making it a direct mode of transmission.

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28. The presence, or reasonably anticipated presence, of potentially infectious materials on an item's surface or visible debris or residues is called:

Explanation

Contamination refers to the presence or expected presence of potentially infectious materials on the surface of an item, as well as visible debris or residues. It can occur when harmful substances or organisms are introduced into a clean or sterile environment, posing a risk of infection. In this context, contamination specifically relates to the potential transmission of infectious agents and the need for appropriate measures to prevent their spread.

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29. ________ is the chemical process that uses specific products to destroy organisms on nonporous surfaces.

Explanation

Disinfection is the correct answer because it involves the use of specific products to eliminate or destroy organisms on nonporous surfaces. This process helps to reduce the number of harmful microorganisms and prevent the spread of infections and diseases. Fumigation, on the other hand, typically involves the use of gases or fumes to eliminate pests or insects. Extermination refers to the elimination of pests or organisms, while promoting the growth of bacteria is the opposite of disinfection and would not be used to destroy organisms on surfaces.

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30. Antiseptics are effective for:

Explanation

Antiseptics are effective for killing germs on the hands because they contain agents that can destroy or inhibit the growth of microorganisms. When applied to the hands, antiseptics work by disrupting the cell membranes or metabolic processes of bacteria, viruses, and other germs, ultimately leading to their death. This helps to prevent the transmission of infections and maintain hand hygiene. Antiseptics are specifically formulated for use on the skin and are milder than disinfectants or sterilizing agents, making them suitable for regular hand sanitization.

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31. A surface must be properly cleaned before it can be:

Explanation

Before a surface can be disinfected, it must be properly cleaned to remove any dirt, debris, or other contaminants. Cleaning the surface ensures that the disinfectant can effectively kill any germs or bacteria present. Without proper cleaning, the disinfectant may not be able to reach all areas of the surface or may be less effective in killing the pathogens. Therefore, cleaning is a necessary step before disinfection can occur.

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32. ____________ is a higher level of decontamination that is second only to sterilization.

Explanation

Disinfection is a higher level of decontamination that is second only to sterilization. While cleaning removes visible dirt and debris, disinfection involves the use of chemicals or other agents to kill or inactivate microorganisms on surfaces. Disinfection reduces the number of pathogens to a level that is considered safe for public health. It is an important process in preventing the spread of infectious diseases and maintaining a clean and safe environment. Fumigation, extermination, and sterilization are not considered higher levels of decontamination compared to disinfection.

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33. Universal Precautions require employees to assume that human blood and body fluids are infectious for:

Explanation

Universal Precautions require employees to assume that human blood and body fluids are infectious for bloodborne pathogens. This means that regardless of whether or not the individual is known to have a specific bloodborne disease, precautions should be taken to prevent the transmission of any potential pathogens present in the blood or body fluids. This approach helps to protect healthcare workers and others from the risk of infection.

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34. Which form of hepatitis is the most difficult to kill on a surface?

Explanation

Hepatitis B is the most difficult form of hepatitis to kill on a surface. This is because the hepatitis B virus is highly resistant and can survive outside the body for up to seven days. It can withstand harsh environmental conditions and remain infectious, making it more challenging to eliminate on surfaces compared to other forms of hepatitis.

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35. Items that are ___________ are also considered absorbent.

Explanation

Porous items have small holes or spaces that allow liquids or gases to pass through. Absorbent materials have the ability to soak up or take in liquids. Since porous items have small holes or spaces, they are also considered absorbent because they can absorb liquids by allowing them to pass through their pores. Therefore, the correct answer is "porous".

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36. Before beginning any service, you should wash your hands using soap, water, and a:

Explanation

Before beginning any service, it is important to wash your hands using soap, water, and a clean, disinfected nail brush. This is because a nail brush can help remove dirt and bacteria from under the nails, ensuring that your hands are thoroughly clean before starting the service. Using a clean and disinfected nail brush further reduces the risk of transferring any harmful microorganisms to the client or contaminating the tools and equipment used during the service.

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37. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in each state registers many different types of ________.

Explanation

The correct answer is disinfectants. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in each state registers many different types of disinfectants. Disinfectants are substances that are used to kill or inactivate microorganisms on surfaces or objects, thus preventing the spread of infectious diseases. The EPA plays a crucial role in ensuring that disinfectants meet safety and efficacy standards before they are made available to the public.

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38. The OSHA Act of 1970 established the Hazard Communication Act, which requires that chemical manufacturers _________ and importers assess the hazards associated with their products.

Explanation

The OSHA Act of 1970 established the Hazard Communication Act, which requires that chemical manufacturers and importers assess the hazards associated with their products. In order to comply with this requirement, they are obligated to publish Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheets (SDS). These documents provide detailed information about the potential hazards, safe handling procedures, and emergency response measures for the chemicals. By making these sheets available to workers and other relevant parties, the manufacturers and importers ensure that the necessary information is accessible for safe use and handling of their products.

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39. Different bacteria move in different ways and self-movement is known as ______________

Explanation

Motility refers to the self-movement of bacteria. It is the ability of bacteria to move independently and actively. Bacteria can exhibit different types of motility, such as flagellar motility, where they use whip-like structures called flagella to move, or gliding motility, where they slide along a surface. This movement is important for bacteria to explore their environment, find nutrients, and avoid harmful conditions. Migration, evolution, and locomotion are not specific terms for the self-movement of bacteria, making motility the correct answer.

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40. Phenolics disinfectants are powerful tuberculocidal disinfectants that have a ___________________. 

Explanation

Phenolics disinfectants are powerful tuberculocidal disinfectants that have a very high pH. This means that they have a high concentration of hydroxide ions, making them alkaline in nature. This high pH helps in effectively killing tubercle bacilli and other microorganisms by disrupting their cell walls and denaturing their proteins. The alkaline nature of phenolics also allows them to penetrate and kill bacteria and viruses on surfaces, making them highly effective disinfectants.

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41. A salon implement that accidentally comes in contact with blood or body fluids must be thoroughly cleaned and:

Explanation

When a salon implement comes in contact with blood or body fluids, it is necessary to thoroughly clean it. The correct answer states that the implement should be completely immersed in an EPA-registered disinfectant. This means that the implement should be fully submerged in a disinfectant solution that is approved by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Immersion in an EPA-registered disinfectant is an effective method to kill any potential pathogens, such as HIV and hepatitis, that may be present on the implement.

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42. A reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances is a(n):

Explanation

An allergy is a reaction that occurs when the immune system overreacts to a normally harmless substance, such as certain foods or chemicals. This immune response can cause symptoms such as itching, swelling, and difficulty breathing. Allergies can be triggered by a wide range of substances, including pollen, pet dander, and certain medications. Therefore, the correct answer is allergy.

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43. Cutting living skin is allowed only by ________________.

Explanation

Cutting living skin is a delicate and potentially risky procedure that should only be performed by individuals who have received proper medical training and have the necessary qualifications to ensure the safety and well-being of the patient. Advanced nail technicians and cosmetologists may have expertise in nail care and beauty treatments, but they do not possess the required medical knowledge and skills to perform such procedures. Medical nail technicians may have some medical training, but it is still advisable to have qualified medical professionals, such as doctors or surgeons, perform any cutting of living skin to minimize the risk of complications and ensure proper medical care.

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44. Nonpathogenic bacteria may perform useful functions and: __________.

Explanation

Nonpathogenic bacteria are bacteria that do not cause disease. They may perform useful functions such as aiding in digestion, producing vitamins, or competing with harmful bacteria for resources. These bacteria are generally harmless to humans and can even have beneficial effects on our health. Therefore, the correct answer is "do not cause disease."

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45. Pathogenic bacteria may produce _______.

Explanation

Pathogenic bacteria are known for causing diseases in humans and animals. They can produce various toxins and virulence factors that harm the host and lead to the development of diseases. Therefore, the correct answer is "disease".

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46. The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is caused by ________.

Explanation

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV is a virus that attacks the immune system, specifically targeting CD4 cells, which are crucial for fighting off infections. As the virus replicates and destroys these cells, the immune system becomes weakened, making individuals more susceptible to various infections and diseases. Therefore, the correct answer is "the HIV."

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47. The effectiveness with which a disinfecting solution kills specific organisms when used according to label instructions is known as _________.

Explanation

The effectiveness with which a disinfecting solution kills specific organisms when used according to label instructions is known as efficacy. Efficacy refers to the ability of a disinfectant to achieve the desired result, in this case, killing specific organisms. It is a measure of how well the disinfectant performs its intended function. Disinfection, sterilization, and decontamination are related terms but do not specifically refer to the effectiveness of a disinfecting solution in killing organisms.

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48. Sodium hypochlorite is also known as ______________________.

Explanation

Sodium hypochlorite is commonly known as household bleach. It is a chemical compound often used as a disinfectant and cleaning agent in households. It is effective in killing bacteria, viruses, and other germs, making it a popular choice for cleaning and sanitizing various surfaces.

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49. Some of the _________ that plague humans are the common cold, respiratory infections, gastrointestinal tract infections, measles, mumps, chicken pox, smallpox, rabies, yellow fever, hepatitis, polio, influenza and HIV.

Explanation

The given list of diseases includes common cold, respiratory infections, gastrointestinal tract infections, measles, mumps, chicken pox, smallpox, rabies, yellow fever, hepatitis, polio, influenza, and HIV. All of these diseases are caused by viruses, not bacteria, fungi, or parasites. Viruses are microscopic infectious agents that can cause a wide range of diseases in humans. They invade host cells and use the host's cellular machinery to replicate and spread. Therefore, the correct answer is viruses.

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50. Colonies of microorganisms that adhere to environmental surfaces are called ___________.

Explanation

Biofilms are colonies of microorganisms that adhere to environmental surfaces. They form when microorganisms attach to a surface and produce a sticky substance that allows them to stick together and to the surface. Biofilms can be found in various environments, such as on rocks, pipes, and even inside the human body. They can be composed of bacteria, fungi, algae, and other microorganisms. Biofilms play important roles in nature, but they can also cause problems, such as in medical settings where they can lead to infections or in industrial settings where they can cause equipment damage.

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51. A ___________________ infection appears as a lesion containing pus and is confined to a particular part of the body.

Explanation

A local infection appears as a lesion containing pus and is confined to a particular part of the body. This means that the infection is limited to a specific area and does not spread throughout the entire body. It is usually caused by bacteria entering the body through a wound or injury and causing an inflammatory response. Local infections are typically easier to treat compared to systemic infections, as they are localized and can be targeted with specific treatments such as antibiotics or wound care.

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52. Which of the following is not part of your professional responsibilities?

Explanation

Taking shortcuts for cleaning is not part of your professional responsibilities because it can compromise the quality and effectiveness of the cleaning process. As a professional, it is important to follow state and federal laws, keep your license current, and regularly check for changes to ensure that you are providing the best possible service while maintaining compliance with regulations and standards.

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53. A(n) _____________ is an abnormal condition of all or part of the body, or its systems or organs, that makes the body incapable of functioning normally.

Explanation

A disease is an abnormal condition of all or part of the body, or its systems or organs, that makes the body incapable of functioning normally. It refers to a wide range of medical conditions that can affect different parts of the body and can have various causes, such as infections, genetic factors, or lifestyle choices. Diseases can manifest in different ways and can have different levels of severity, but they all result in the body's inability to function properly.

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54. OSHA stands for ___________.

Explanation

OSHA stands for Occupational Safety and Health Administration. This agency is responsible for ensuring safe and healthy working conditions for employees in the United States. They develop and enforce standards and regulations to protect workers from workplace hazards, provide training and education programs, and conduct inspections to ensure compliance with safety guidelines. OSHA plays a crucial role in promoting occupational safety and health in various industries across the country.

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55. The methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms are called ___________.

Explanation

Infection control refers to the methods and practices implemented to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms. It involves various measures such as hand hygiene, proper use of personal protective equipment, disinfection and sterilization of equipment, and implementing isolation precautions. By following infection control protocols, healthcare facilities can prevent the spread of infections among patients, healthcare workers, and the community.

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56. When a disease spreads from one person to another, it is said to be __________________.

Explanation

A contagious disease is a term used to describe a disease that can be easily transmitted from one person to another. This means that the disease-causing agents, such as bacteria or viruses, can be passed on through direct contact, droplets in the air, or by touching contaminated surfaces. Contagious diseases often spread rapidly within a population, leading to outbreaks or epidemics. It is important to take necessary precautions and follow preventive measures to control the spread of contagious diseases.

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57. Housebleach, an effective disinfectant for salon uses, ______________________

Explanation

Housebleach, an effective disinfectant for salon uses, can cause skin irritation. This is because housebleach contains strong chemicals that can be harsh on the skin, leading to irritation and potential allergic reactions. It is important to handle housebleach with care and use protective gloves to avoid direct contact with the skin.

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58. What are single-cell organisms that grow in irregular masses that include mold, mildews, and yeasts?

Explanation

Fungi are single-cell organisms that grow in irregular masses and include mold, mildews, and yeasts. They are distinct from bacteria and viruses, as they have their own kingdom in the classification of living organisms. Fungi obtain nutrients by absorbing them from their surroundings and play important roles in decomposing organic matter and recycling nutrients in ecosystems. They can also cause diseases in plants, animals, and humans.

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59. Most bacteria are nonpathogenic which means they are harmless organisms that may perform ____________ functions and are safe to come in contact with since they do not cause disease or harm.

Explanation

Most bacteria are nonpathogenic, meaning they do not cause disease or harm. Instead, they perform useful functions. This implies that they have a positive or beneficial impact and can be safely encountered without any negative consequences.

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60. Disinfectants must be registered with the ________________.

Explanation

Disinfectants must be registered with the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). The EPA is responsible for regulating and approving disinfectants to ensure they meet the necessary safety and efficacy standards. This registration process helps to protect public health and the environment by ensuring that disinfectants are properly tested and labeled before they are sold and used.

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61. Tissue inflammation creates a fluid known as ___________________

Explanation

Tissue inflammation triggers the release of pus. Pus is a thick, yellowish fluid that consists of dead white blood cells, bacteria, and tissue debris. It is formed as a response to infection or injury and helps to contain and eliminate the harmful substances. Pus is typically associated with bacterial infections and can be observed in conditions like abscesses or infected wounds.

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62. Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms are called:

Explanation

Toxins are various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms. These substances can cause harm or disease when they enter the body. They are typically produced by bacteria, but can also be produced by other microorganisms such as fungi. Tinea refers to a fungal infection, bacteria are microorganisms that can produce toxins, and flagella are the whip-like structures that some microorganisms use for movement. Therefore, the correct answer is toxins.

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63. The removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item's surface and the removal of visible debris or residue such as dust, hair, and skin is known as_________.

Explanation

Decontamination refers to the process of removing blood or other potentially infectious materials from the surface of an item, as well as getting rid of visible debris or residue like dust, hair, and skin. This process aims to eliminate or reduce the risk of infection by cleaning and sanitizing the item. Disinfection, sterilization, and fumigation are different processes that involve killing or eliminating microorganisms, but they do not specifically address the removal of visible debris or residue.

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64. The division of a bacterial cell into two new cells is called ____________.

Explanation

Binary fission is the correct answer because it refers to the process of a bacterial cell dividing into two new cells. During binary fission, the genetic material of the bacterial cell is replicated, and the cell membrane and cytoplasm divide, resulting in the formation of two identical daughter cells. This is the primary method of reproduction for bacteria and allows for rapid population growth. Spore growth, decomposing, and fertilizing are not accurate terms to describe the division of a bacterial cell.

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65. The presence of visible debris such as dirt, hair, or microbes on an item's surface is known as ________________.

Explanation

Contamination refers to the presence of visible debris such as dirt, hair, or microbes on an item's surface. Sterilization, on the other hand, is the process of completely eliminating all forms of microbial life, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Sterile means free from any living microorganisms, while disinfection is the process of reducing the number of microorganisms on a surface. Therefore, contamination is the correct term to describe the presence of visible debris on an item's surface.

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66. To use a disinfectant properly, read and follow the manufacturer's directions and ____________________ implements for proper disinfection.

Explanation

To effectively use a disinfectant, it is important to read and follow the manufacturer's directions. In this case, the correct answer suggests that the proper way to disinfect is by completely submerging the implements. This means that the implements should be fully immersed in the disinfectant solution for the recommended amount of time to ensure thorough disinfection. Partially drying, partially immersing, or rinsing thoroughly may not provide the same level of disinfection as completely submerging the implements.

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67. A(n) __________________ disease affects the body as a whole, often due to under- or over functioning of internal glands or organs.

Explanation

A systemic disease is one that affects the entire body, rather than being localized to a specific area. This type of disease often occurs due to imbalances or malfunctions in internal glands or organs, leading to under or over functioning. Unlike infectious or contagious diseases, which are caused by pathogens and can be spread from person to person, systemic diseases do not necessarily involve an external agent and can be caused by a variety of factors.

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68. ________ are not for use on human skin, hair, or nails.

Explanation

Disinfectants are not for use on human skin, hair, or nails because they are designed to kill or inactivate microorganisms on surfaces or objects, not on living tissues. They are typically used to clean and sanitize inanimate objects such as floors, countertops, or medical equipment. In contrast, antiseptics are specifically formulated to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms on living tissues, making them suitable for use on human skin, hair, or nails. Styptics are substances used to stop bleeding by causing blood vessels to contract, and virucides are agents that are effective against viruses.

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69. All disinfectants are _________ in the presence of oils, lotions, creams, and dust.

Explanation

Disinfectants are substances used to kill or remove microorganisms from surfaces. In the presence of oils, lotions, creams, and dust, these substances are rendered ineffective or "inactivated". This is because these substances create a barrier that prevents the disinfectant from coming into direct contact with the microorganisms, reducing its ability to kill or remove them. Therefore, the correct answer is "inactivated".

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70. A nonscientific synonym for disease-producing organisms is known as ______.

Explanation

The correct answer is "germ". A germ is a nonscientific term used to refer to disease-producing organisms. These organisms can include bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms that can cause infections and diseases in humans and animals. The term "germ" is commonly used in everyday language to describe these disease-causing agents.

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71. The condition that is developed after the body has overcome a disease or has been inoculated for the disease is known as ________.

Explanation

Acquired immunity refers to the condition that develops after the body has overcome a disease or has been inoculated for the disease. This type of immunity is acquired through exposure to pathogens or through vaccination, and it involves the production of specific antibodies and memory cells that provide long-term protection against future infections. Natural immunity, on the other hand, refers to the immunity that is present at birth and is not acquired through previous exposure or vaccination. The other options, human disease resistor and acquired immunodeficiency, are not accurate terms to describe this condition.

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72. Most QUATS disinfect implements within ________________ minutes.

Explanation

QUATS (quaternary ammonium compounds) are commonly used as disinfectants in various industries, including the beauty and salon industry. These disinfectants are effective in killing a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The statement suggests that QUATS take a maximum of 10 minutes to disinfect implements, indicating that they have a relatively quick action. This information is important for professionals in the beauty and salon industry who need to ensure that their tools and equipment are properly disinfected before use on clients.

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73. _________ disinfectants are effective in cleaning blood and body fluids from nonporous surfaces in the salon, thus controlling the spread of disease.

Explanation

Hospital disinfectants are effective in cleaning blood and body fluids from nonporous surfaces in the salon, thus controlling the spread of disease. Hospital disinfectants are specifically designed to kill a wide range of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. They are formulated to be highly effective in healthcare settings, where the risk of disease transmission is high. Therefore, using hospital disinfectants in the salon can help ensure a clean and safe environment for both clients and staff, minimizing the risk of infections and diseases.

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74. If salon implements come into contact with blood, they should be cleaned and then immersed in ________________.

Explanation

When salon implements come into contact with blood, they need to be cleaned and disinfected to prevent the spread of infections. An EPA-registered disinfectant is the recommended choice for this purpose. EPA stands for the Environmental Protection Agency, and their registered disinfectants are proven to be effective against various pathogens. Using an EPA-registered disinfectant ensures that the salon implements are properly sanitized and safe for further use.

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75. When washing your hands, you apply soap, lather and scrub your hands and under the free edges of nails with a nail brush for at least:

Explanation

When washing your hands, it is recommended to apply soap, lather, and scrub your hands and under the free edges of nails with a nail brush for at least 1 minute. This duration allows enough time for the soap to effectively remove dirt, bacteria, and viruses from your hands. It is important to thoroughly clean your hands to maintain proper hygiene and prevent the spread of germs.

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76. Which statement is true of MRSA?

Explanation

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77. The methods of sterilization that incorporates the use of heat and pressure is a(n) ________________.

Explanation

An autoclave is a device that uses heat and pressure to sterilize objects. It is commonly used in medical and laboratory settings to kill bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms. The high temperature and pressure created inside the autoclave create an environment that is inhospitable to these pathogens, ensuring that the objects being sterilized are safe to use. Therefore, the correct answer for the given question is autoclave.

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78. What types of cleaners are specially designed to break down stubborn films and residue of pedicure products from foot spas?

Explanation

Chelating soaps are specifically formulated to break down stubborn films and residue of pedicure products from foot spas. These soaps contain chelating agents that bind to and remove minerals and other impurities, resulting in a deep and thorough cleaning. Quats are disinfectants and do not have the same cleaning properties as chelating soaps. Bleach is a strong disinfectant but may not be as effective in removing stubborn residue. Degreasers are designed to remove grease and may not be as effective in removing pedicure product residue.

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79. A(n) is a condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection.

Explanation

Inflammation is the correct answer because it refers to the body's response to injury, irritation, or infection. When the body detects any of these conditions, it releases chemicals that cause blood vessels to widen, resulting in redness, warmth, and swelling in the affected area. Additionally, inflammation can cause pain and loss of function. This immune response is a natural defense mechanism that helps the body to heal and protect against further damage.

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80. Substances used to kill microbes on contaminated tools and other nonliving surfaces are ____________.

Explanation

Disinfectants are substances that are used to kill microbes on contaminated tools and other nonliving surfaces. They are specifically designed to eliminate or reduce the number of microorganisms present on surfaces, preventing the spread of infections. Antiseptics, on the other hand, are used to kill microbes on living tissues, such as skin. Styptics are substances that help stop bleeding, and virucides are specifically designed to kill viruses. Therefore, the correct answer is disinfectants.

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81. Four types of microorganisms are bacterias, fungi, parasites, and

Explanation

The question is asking for the fourth type of microorganism, and the correct answer is "viruses." Viruses are considered microorganisms because they are very small and can only replicate inside the cells of other organisms. They are different from bacteria, fungi, and parasites because they are not considered living organisms since they cannot reproduce or carry out metabolic processes on their own. Instead, viruses rely on host cells to reproduce and cause diseases in humans, animals, and plants.

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82. Mix disinfectants properly by

Explanation

The correct answer is adding disinfectants to water. This is because adding disinfectants to water allows for better mixing and dilution of the disinfectant, ensuring that it is evenly distributed throughout the solution. Adding water to disinfectant may cause the disinfectant to become concentrated in certain areas and not mix properly. Stirring the mixture until foamy is not necessary for proper mixing, and adding hard tap water only to disinfectant may not provide the desired dilution ratio.

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83. An example of a local infection is __________.

Explanation

An abscess is an example of a local infection because it is a collection of pus that forms within a specific area of the body, such as in a tooth, skin, or organ. The infection is confined to a specific site and does not spread throughout the body. This is in contrast to blood poisoning, food poisoning, and hepatitis B, which are systemic infections that affect the entire body.

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84. Confined to a specific part of the body:

Explanation

The term "confined to a specific part of the body" suggests that the condition or issue being referred to is limited to a particular area and does not affect the entire body. The term "local" best fits this description as it refers to something that is restricted to a specific location or area. Therefore, "local" is the correct answer in this context.

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85. Quats is a short term for the salon disinfectant known as ________________.

Explanation

The correct answer is "quaternary ammonium compounds." Quats is a shortened term for quaternary ammonium compounds, which are commonly used as disinfectants in salons. These compounds have antimicrobial properties and are effective in killing various types of bacteria, viruses, and fungi. They are commonly used to sanitize surfaces, tools, and equipment in salons to prevent the spread of infections and diseases.

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86. Short, rod-shaped bacteria that produce diseases such as tetanus, typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria are called ________________.

Explanation

Bacilli are short, rod-shaped bacteria that are capable of producing diseases such as tetanus, typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria. Streptococci are spherical bacteria that typically form chains, while staphylococci are spherical bacteria that form clusters. Diplococci are spherical bacteria that typically occur in pairs. Therefore, the correct answer for the given question is bacilli.

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87. A person can be infected with HIV for many years without having symptoms, but testing can determine if a person is infected within ____________ months after exposure to the virus.

Explanation

Testing for HIV can determine if a person is infected within six months after exposure to the virus. This is because it takes time for the body to produce enough antibodies to be detected by the tests. During this window period, a person may not show any symptoms but can still transmit the virus to others. Therefore, it is important to get tested after six months of potential exposure to ensure an accurate diagnosis.

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88. Contact with nonintact skin, blood, body fluid, or other potentially infectious materials that is the result of the performance of an employee's duties is a(n)

Explanation

An exposure incident refers to the contact with nonintact skin, blood, body fluid, or other potentially infectious materials that occurs while an employee is performing their duties. This can include situations where an employee is exposed to harmful substances or pathogens that may pose a risk to their health. It is important to address and properly manage exposure incidents to prevent the spread of infections and ensure the safety of employees.

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89. Completely destroying all microbial life including bacterial spores is called ________.

Explanation

Sterilization refers to the process of completely eliminating all forms of microbial life, including bacterial spores. It ensures the destruction or removal of all microorganisms and their spores, making the object or area free from any viable organisms. This process is more thorough and extensive than sanitizing, decontamination, or disinfection, which may not necessarily eliminate all types of microorganisms.

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90. Accelerated hydrogen peroxide, or AHP, is a recently approved form of disinfectant that only needs to be changed every:

Explanation

Accelerated hydrogen peroxide (AHP) is a type of disinfectant that has been approved recently. This form of disinfectant is unique because it only needs to be changed every 14 days. This means that it remains effective for a longer period compared to other disinfectants, which may need to be changed more frequently. Using AHP can therefore provide a convenient and cost-effective solution for maintaining a clean and safe environment.

Submit
91. The bacteria responsible for food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome are ________.

Explanation

Staphylococci are the bacteria responsible for food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome. These bacteria are commonly found on the skin and in the nose of healthy individuals. They can cause food poisoning when they contaminate food and produce toxins that affect the digestive system. Staphylococci can also cause toxic shock syndrome, a rare but serious condition characterized by high fever, rash, low blood pressure, and organ failure. Therefore, staphylococci are the correct answer for the given question.

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92. Certain fungi and bacteria coat themselves with wax outer shells that are able to withstand long periods of famine, ____________________, and unsuitable temperatures.

Explanation

Certain fungi and bacteria coat themselves with wax outer shells that are able to withstand long periods of famine, darkness, warmth, and dryness. This suggests that dryness is a crucial factor that these organisms have adapted to. The wax outer shells act as a protective barrier, preventing the loss of moisture and allowing them to survive in arid conditions where water is scarce. By withstanding dryness, these organisms can endure prolonged periods without access to water and continue to thrive.

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93. A mechanical process using soap and water or detergent and water to remove dirt, debris, and disease-causing germs is known as ___________.

Explanation

Cleaning is the correct answer because it refers to the mechanical process of using soap and water or detergent and water to remove dirt, debris, and disease-causing germs. While sanitizing, disinfecting, and sterilizing also involve the removal of germs, they typically involve more intense methods and may not necessarily involve the use of soap or detergent. Cleaning, on the other hand, is a basic and essential step in maintaining cleanliness and hygiene.

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94. What is the accepted method for testing an autoclave?

Explanation

The accepted method for testing an autoclave is the spore test. This test involves using bacterial spores that are highly resistant to heat and pressure. These spores are placed inside the autoclave and subjected to a sterilization cycle. After the cycle is complete, the spores are incubated and checked for any signs of growth. If no growth is observed, it indicates that the autoclave is effectively killing the spores and sterilizing the equipment. The spore test is considered the most reliable method for ensuring the proper functioning of an autoclave.

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95. Some _______________ disinfectants are harmful to salon tools and equipment

Explanation

Tuberculocidal disinfectants are harmful to salon tools and equipment because they are specifically designed to kill the bacteria that causes tuberculosis. These disinfectants are highly potent and can cause damage to the tools and equipment if not used properly or if left in contact for too long. It is important to handle tuberculocidal disinfectants with caution and follow the manufacturer's instructions to prevent any harm to the salon tools and equipment.

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96. Transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with a(n) __________, such as a razor or an environmental surface, is an indirect transmission.

Explanation

An intermediate contaminated object refers to a surface or item that has come into contact with blood or body fluids and can potentially transmit them to another person. This can include objects like razors or environmental surfaces that have not been properly disinfected. This mode of transmission is considered indirect as it involves the transfer of pathogens from the contaminated object to a person, rather than direct contact with an infected individual.

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97. As of 2015, federal and state law requires manufacturers to provide product information on the ________________.

Explanation

As of 2015, federal and state law requires manufacturers to provide product information on the SDS. The SDS stands for Safety Data Sheet, which is a document that contains information about the potential hazards of a product, as well as instructions for safe handling, storage, and disposal. This requirement ensures that consumers and workers have access to important safety information regarding the products they use or are exposed to.

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98. Laws are written by federal and state legislatures to determine the ___________ for a license holder and to establish guidelines for regulatory agencies to make rules.

Explanation

Laws are written by federal and state legislatures to determine the scope of practice for a license holder and to establish guidelines for regulatory agencies to make rules. This means that laws define the specific activities and responsibilities that a licensed professional is allowed to perform within their field. These laws ensure that license holders are practicing within their authorized boundaries and protect the public by setting clear standards for professional conduct and competence.

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99. Sprillia bacteria are divided into two groups: Treponema papidillida which causes syphilis and Borellia burgdorgferi which causes ____________.

Explanation

Sprillia bacteria are divided into two groups: Treponema papidillida which causes syphilis and Borellia burgdorgferi which causes Lyme disease. Lyme disease is a tick-borne illness caused by the bacteria Borellia burgdorgferi. It is characterized by symptoms such as fever, fatigue, headache, muscle and joint aches, and swollen lymph nodes. If left untreated, it can lead to more severe complications such as joint inflammation, neurological problems, and heart problems. Therefore, Lyme disease is the correct answer in this case.

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100. Pus-forming bacteria that grow in curved lines resembling a string of beads are known as ________.

Explanation

Pus-forming bacteria that grow in curved lines resembling a string of beads are known as streptococci.

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101. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) was created as part of the ________________.

Explanation

The correct answer is DOL, which stands for the Department of Labor. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) was created as part of the Department of Labor. OSHA is responsible for ensuring safe and healthy working conditions for employees by setting and enforcing standards and providing training, outreach, education, and assistance.

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102. Proper ______________will completely eliminate any contamination risks.

Explanation

Disinfection refers to the process of eliminating or reducing harmful microorganisms, such as bacteria and viruses, from surfaces, objects, or the environment. Proper disinfection ensures that all potential sources of contamination are effectively neutralized, minimizing the risk of spreading infections or diseases. This implies that if disinfection is done correctly, there will be no remaining contaminants, making it the ideal choice for completely eliminating any contamination risks.

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103. Who publishes the Standard Precautions?

Explanation

The correct answer is The CDC. The CDC, or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is responsible for publishing the Standard Precautions. These guidelines outline the basic infection control practices that should be followed in healthcare settings to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases. The CDC plays a crucial role in providing evidence-based recommendations and resources to protect public health and safety.

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104. It is against federal law to use any disinfecting product contrary to its _______________

Explanation

The correct answer is "labeling." This means that it is against federal law to use any disinfecting product in a way that goes against the instructions and information provided on its labeling. The labeling includes important information such as the intended use, ingredients, and proper directions for use. Following the instructions on the labeling ensures the product's effectiveness and safety.

Submit
105. The number of viable organisms in or on the object or surface or organic material on a surface or object prior to decontamination or sterilization is known as____________.

Explanation

Bioburden refers to the number of viable organisms present on a surface or object before it undergoes decontamination or sterilization. This term is commonly used in healthcare settings to assess the cleanliness and effectiveness of disinfection processes. It is important to measure and reduce bioburden to prevent the spread of infections and ensure a safe environment for patients and healthcare workers.

Submit
106. As part of SDS categories, first-aid measures include important symptoms/effects as well as ___________.

Explanation

The first-aid measures in SDS categories include important symptoms/effects that may occur after exposure to a product, as well as the required treatment for those symptoms/effects. These measures provide guidance on how to handle and treat any potential injuries or illnesses that may arise from using the product.

Submit
107. If there is an exposure incident, what is your next step after you stop the service and put on gloves?

Explanation

After stopping the service and putting on gloves, the next step is to apply pressure and clean the injury with an antiseptic. This is important in order to prevent infection and promote proper healing of the wound. Applying pressure helps to control any bleeding, while cleaning the injury with an antiseptic helps to remove any dirt or bacteria that may be present. By doing this, the risk of infection is minimized and the wound can be properly treated.

Submit
108. An infectious agent smaller than bacteria and capable of replication through taking over the host cell's reproduction machinery is known as _______.

Explanation

A virus is an infectious agent that is smaller than bacteria and is capable of replicating by taking over the host cell's reproduction machinery. It is not considered an infection or a disease, but rather a specific type of infectious agent.

Submit
109. Disinfectants with a high pH that  can cause skin irritation or burn the skin or eyes are:

Explanation

Phenolic disinfectants have a high pH and can cause skin irritation or burn the skin or eyes. This is because they contain phenol, which is a strong chemical compound that can be harmful to the skin and eyes. Phenolic disinfectants are commonly used in healthcare settings and laboratories due to their effectiveness in killing a wide range of microorganisms. However, their use should be done with caution and proper protective measures to avoid any potential harm to the skin or eyes.

Submit
110. Antimicrobial and antibacterial soaps are _________________ regular soaps or detergents

Explanation

Antimicrobial and antibacterial soaps are no more effective than regular soaps or detergents. This means that using these specialized soaps does not provide any additional benefits in terms of killing germs compared to using regular soaps. The statement suggests that the antimicrobial and antibacterial properties of these soaps do not significantly enhance their effectiveness in killing bacteria or microbes.

Submit
111. Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and causes diseases such as pneumonia are _______________.

Explanation

Diplococci are spherical bacteria that grow in pairs, and they are known to cause diseases such as pneumonia.

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112. Pus-forming bacteria that grow in bunches or clusters are _______.

Explanation

Pus-forming bacteria that grow in bunches or clusters are known as staphylococci.

Submit
113. All of the following is true about bacteria except which of the following:

Explanation

The given statement "they can exist everywhere" is incorrect because bacteria cannot exist everywhere. While bacteria can be found in various environments such as soil, water, and the human body, there are certain extreme conditions such as extreme temperatures or high levels of radiation where bacteria cannot survive. Therefore, it is not true to say that bacteria can exist everywhere.

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114. A disease that is caused by bacteria that are transmitted by coughing or sneezing is known as __________.

Explanation

Tuberculosis is a disease caused by bacteria that can be transmitted through coughing or sneezing. It primarily affects the lungs but can also spread to other parts of the body. This infectious disease is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is characterized by symptoms such as persistent cough, chest pain, weight loss, and fatigue. Treatment usually involves a combination of antibiotics taken over an extended period of time.

Submit
115. A chemical process used to reduce the number of disease-causing germs on surfaces to a safe level is known as ____________________.

Explanation

Sanitizing refers to a chemical process that reduces the number of disease-causing germs on surfaces to a safe level. It is different from disinfecting, which eliminates almost all germs, and sterilizing, which completely destroys all forms of microbial life. Cleaning, on the other hand, involves removing dirt and debris from surfaces but may not necessarily kill germs. Therefore, the correct answer is sanitizing.

Submit
116. Powerful tuberculocidal disinfectants:

Explanation

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Submit
117. A disease that is transmittable by contact from person to person is

Explanation

The correct answer is "infectious" because it refers to a disease that can be transmitted from one person to another through direct or indirect contact. This term encompasses a wide range of diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites that can be spread through various means such as respiratory droplets, bodily fluids, or contaminated surfaces. The term "asymptomatic" refers to a person who carries a disease but does not exhibit any symptoms, while "contagious" refers to a disease that can be easily transmitted from one person to another. "Symptomatic" refers to a person who exhibits symptoms of a disease.

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Fungal infections are much more common on the ________________ than on...
A contagious skin disease caused by the itch mite is __________.
When using disinfectants, you must always ______________ and avoid...
The ability of the body to destroy or resist infections is known as...
Tools must be cleaned and disinfected ____________________.
The presence of pus is a sign of:
If the label on a disinfection product includes the word concentrate,...
There are thousands of different kinds of bacteria, but they are...
What is a condition, characterized by redness, heat, pain, and...
The two steps of infection control are ________________ then...
Disinfectants used in salons must be bactericidal, fungicidal, and...
Hepatitis is a bloodborne disease that damages which part of the body?
After they have been properly cleaned and disinfected, implements...
5.25 percent sodium hypochlorite is also know as...
One-celled microorganisms having both plant and animal characteristics...
Nonpathogenic bacteria are ________.
Phenols may _________ certain rubber and plastic materials.
____________ precautions were introduced in 1966 to replace Universal...
The first step of infection control is known as ________________.
Submicroscopic particles that infect cells of a biological organism...
The HIV is spread mainly through ________.
Quats solutions are ____________ disinfectants when used properly in...
Pathogenic bacteria that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another...
A multiuse, or _________________, item can be cleaned, disinfected,...
Disinfectants used in salons must carry a(n) ___________ registration...
As a cosmetologist, you are _______________ to recommend treatments...
The transmission of blood or body fluids through touching, kissing,...
The presence, or reasonably anticipated presence, of potentially...
________ is the chemical process that uses specific products to...
Antiseptics are effective for:
A surface must be properly cleaned before it can be:
____________ is a higher level of decontamination that is second only...
Universal Precautions require employees to assume that human blood and...
Which form of hepatitis is the most difficult to kill on a surface?
Items that are ___________ are also considered absorbent.
Before beginning any service, you should wash your hands using soap,...
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in each state registers many...
The OSHA Act of 1970 established the Hazard Communication Act, which...
Different bacteria move in different ways and self-movement is known...
Phenolics disinfectants are powerful tuberculocidal disinfectants that...
A salon implement that accidentally comes in contact with blood or...
A reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or...
Cutting living skin is allowed only by ________________.
Nonpathogenic bacteria may perform useful functions and: __________.
Pathogenic bacteria may produce _______.
The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is caused by ________.
The effectiveness with which a disinfecting solution kills specific...
Sodium hypochlorite is also known as ______________________.
Some of the _________ that plague humans are the common...
Colonies of microorganisms that adhere to environmental surfaces are...
A ___________________ infection appears as a lesion containing pus and...
Which of the following is not part of your professional...
A(n) _____________ is an abnormal condition of all or part of the...
OSHA stands for ___________.
The methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious...
When a disease spreads from one person to another, it is said to be...
Housebleach, an effective disinfectant for salon uses,...
What are single-cell organisms that grow in irregular masses that...
Most bacteria are nonpathogenic which means they are harmless...
Disinfectants must be registered with the ________________.
Tissue inflammation creates a fluid known as ___________________
Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms are...
The removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an...
The division of a bacterial cell into two new cells is called...
The presence of visible debris such as dirt, hair, or microbes on an...
To use a disinfectant properly, read and follow the manufacturer's...
A(n) __________________ disease affects the body as a whole, often due...
________ are not for use on human skin, hair, or nails.
All disinfectants are _________ in the presence of oils, lotions,...
A nonscientific synonym for disease-producing organisms is known as...
The condition that is developed after the body has overcome a disease...
Most QUATS disinfect implements within ________________ minutes.
_________ disinfectants are effective in cleaning blood and body...
If salon implements come into contact with blood, they should be...
When washing your hands, you apply soap, lather and scrub your hands...
Which statement is true of MRSA?
The methods of sterilization that incorporates the use of heat and...
What types of cleaners are specially designed to break down stubborn...
A(n) is a condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or...
Substances used to kill microbes on contaminated tools and other...
Four types of microorganisms are bacterias, fungi, parasites, and
Mix disinfectants properly by
An example of a local infection is __________.
Confined to a specific part of the body:
Quats is a short term for the salon disinfectant known as...
Short, rod-shaped bacteria that produce diseases such as tetanus,...
A person can be infected with HIV for many years without having...
Contact with nonintact skin, blood, body fluid, or other potentially...
Completely destroying all microbial life including bacterial spores is...
Accelerated hydrogen peroxide, or AHP, is a recently approved form of...
The bacteria responsible for food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome...
Certain fungi and bacteria coat themselves with wax outer shells that...
A mechanical process using soap and water or detergent and water to...
What is the accepted method for testing an autoclave?
Some _______________ disinfectants are harmful to salon tools and...
Transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with a(n)...
As of 2015, federal and state law requires manufacturers to provide...
Laws are written by federal and state legislatures to determine the...
Sprillia bacteria are divided into two groups: Treponema papidillida...
Pus-forming bacteria that grow in curved lines resembling a string of...
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) was created...
Proper ______________will completely eliminate any contamination...
Who publishes the Standard Precautions?
It is against federal law to use any disinfecting product contrary to...
The number of viable organisms in or on the object or surface or...
As part of SDS categories, first-aid measures include important...
If there is an exposure incident, what is your next step after you...
An infectious agent smaller than bacteria and capable of replication...
Disinfectants with a high pH that  can cause skin irritation or...
Antimicrobial and antibacterial soaps are _________________ regular...
Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and causes diseases such as...
Pus-forming bacteria that grow in bunches or clusters are _______.
All of the following is true about bacteria except which of the...
A disease that is caused by bacteria that are transmitted by coughing...
A chemical process used to reduce the number of disease-causing germs...
Powerful tuberculocidal disinfectants:
A disease that is transmittable by contact from person to person is
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