Ch 5 - Infection Control: Principles & Practices

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1. You should wash your hands thoroughly ?

Explanation

Washing hands before and after every service is the correct answer because it ensures proper hygiene and minimizes the risk of spreading germs. By washing hands before starting a service, any potential contaminants on the hands can be removed, preventing their transfer to surfaces or objects. Washing hands after completing a service helps to eliminate any germs that may have been picked up during the process. This practice is essential in maintaining cleanliness and preventing the spread of infections or diseases.

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About This Quiz
Ch 5 - Infection Control: Principles & Practices - Quiz

This quiz titled 'CH 5 - Infection Control: Principles & Practices' assesses knowledge on infection control in salons, focusing on microorganisms, disinfection, and disease prevention. It's crucial for professionals in health and beauty industries to understand these practices to ensure safety and compliance.

2. A reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain food, chemical or other normally harmless substances is a ?

Explanation

An allergy is a reaction that occurs when the immune system overreacts to a normally harmless substance, such as certain foods or chemicals. This immune response can cause symptoms such as sneezing, itching, hives, or difficulty breathing. Unlike a virus, parasite, or infection, which are caused by specific pathogens, an allergy is triggered by an individual's sensitivity to a particular substance. Therefore, the correct answer is allergy.

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3. For proper client protection, linens & cloth materials should be ?

Explanation

To ensure proper client protection, linens and cloth materials should be used once and properly laundered. This practice helps maintain cleanliness and hygiene standards, reducing the risk of cross-contamination and the spread of infections. Reusing linens on multiple clients or cleaning them only when visibly contaminated may compromise client safety and increase the likelihood of transmitting pathogens. Therefore, using linens once and ensuring they are properly laundered is the best approach for client protection.

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4. The ability of the body to recognize, destroy & resist infection is ?

Explanation

The ability of the body to recognize, destroy, and resist infection is known as immunity. Immunity is the body's defense mechanism against pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites. It involves the recognition of foreign substances by the immune system and the activation of a response to eliminate them. This response can include the production of antibodies, the activation of immune cells, and the development of immunological memory. Immunity plays a crucial role in protecting the body from infections and maintaining overall health.

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5. Disinfectants used in salons must be ?

Explanation

Disinfectants used in salons must be bactericidal, fungicidal, and virucidal in order to effectively kill bacteria, fungi, and viruses. This is important in maintaining a clean and safe environment for clients and preventing the spread of infections.

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6. The form required from manufacturers that lists handling, disposal, & first-aid information for a product is known as a?

Explanation

A Safety Data Sheet (SDS) is a document that provides information about the hazards and properties of a particular chemical or product. It includes details about handling, disposal, and first-aid information, making it a comprehensive resource for manufacturers. The other options, such as Environmental Protection Label, Material Handling Sheet, and Chemical Manual, do not specifically cover all the required information like an SDS does. Therefore, the correct answer is Safety Data Sheet (SDS).

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7. Your first step when an exposure incident occurs is to?

Explanation

When an exposure incident occurs, the first step is to stop the service. This means that any activity or procedure that could potentially expose others to the same hazard should be halted immediately. This is crucial in order to prevent further exposure and ensure the safety of everyone involved. Once the service has been stopped, appropriate measures can be taken, such as putting on gloves, bandaging the cut, or stopping the bleeding, depending on the nature of the incident.

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8. When using disinfectants, you should NOT ?

Explanation

When using disinfectants, it is important to avoid submerging implements using bare hands. This is because disinfectants can be harmful to the skin and may cause irritation or other adverse reactions. It is recommended to use tongs or other tools to handle implements when submerging them in disinfectant solutions to ensure personal safety and prevent any potential health risks.

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9. A state regulatory agency can issue penalties against ?

Explanation

A state regulatory agency can issue penalties against both the salon owner and the cosmetologist. This is because both the salon owner and the cosmetologist are responsible for complying with the regulations and guidelines set by the agency. If either the salon owner or the cosmetologist fails to meet these standards, the regulatory agency has the authority to issue penalties as a means of enforcing compliance and ensuring the safety and well-being of consumers.

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10. When a bacteria cell grows & splits into two new cells, the new cells are called ?

Explanation

When a bacteria cell undergoes cell division, it splits into two new cells. These new cells are referred to as daughter cells. This term is used because the new cells are genetically identical to the parent cell and are produced as a result of the division process. The term "daughter" signifies the relationship between the parent cell and the newly formed cells.

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11. What is given to prevent viruses from growing in the body ?

Explanation

Vaccines are given to prevent viruses from growing in the body. Vaccines work by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies against specific viruses, which helps to protect the body from future infections. Unlike antibiotics, which are used to treat bacterial infections, vaccines are specifically designed to prevent viral infections. Antifungals, on the other hand, are used to treat fungal infections, while diuretics are medications that increase urine production and are not related to preventing viral growth.

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12. Which term refers to the invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens ?

Explanation

The term "infection" refers to the invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens. Pathogens can include bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. When these pathogens enter the body, they can multiply and cause damage to the host tissues, leading to various symptoms and illnesses. Infections can be localized or systemic, and they can range from mild to severe, depending on the type of pathogen and the individual's immune response. Proper prevention and treatment of infections are essential to maintain good health.

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13. Hepatitis is a bloodborne virus that can damage which part of the body ?

Explanation

Hepatitis is a bloodborne virus that primarily affects the liver. The virus can cause inflammation and damage to the liver, leading to various symptoms such as jaundice, fatigue, and abdominal pain. If left untreated, hepatitis can result in long-term liver damage, liver failure, or even liver cancer. Therefore, it is crucial to identify and treat hepatitis early to prevent further complications and protect the liver's function.

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14. Which of the following is NOT a common contagious disease that will prevent a salon from servicing a client ?

Explanation

Diabetes is not a common contagious disease that will prevent a salon from servicing a client. Unlike common cold, pinkeye, and ringworm, diabetes is a chronic condition that affects the body's ability to regulate blood sugar levels. It is not transmitted through direct contact or shared surfaces, and therefore does not pose a risk of spreading to others in a salon setting.

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15. All of the following are examples of single-use items EXCEPT ?

Explanation

Shears are not considered single-use items because they can be used multiple times. Single-use items are typically disposable and intended for one-time use only. Cotton balls, wooden sticks, and gauze are all examples of single-use items commonly used in medical settings.

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16. The presence of which of the following is sign of a bacterial infection?

Explanation

Pus is a thick, yellowish fluid that is produced by the body in response to a bacterial infection. It consists of dead white blood cells, tissue debris, and bacteria. The presence of pus is a clear indication of a bacterial infection as it is the body's way of fighting off the infection and containing it. Blood, epithelial cells, and platelets can be present in various conditions, but the presence of pus specifically points towards a bacterial infection.

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17. Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( HIV ) is the virus that causes ?

Explanation

HIV is the virus that causes AIDS, which stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. AIDS is a condition that affects the immune system, making it difficult for the body to fight off infections and diseases. HIV is transmitted through certain body fluids and attacks the immune system, specifically targeting CD4 cells. Over time, if left untreated, HIV can progress to AIDS. Therefore, AIDS is the correct answer as it directly relates to the virus mentioned.

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18. Items that can be used again, even after exposure to bodily fluids, are called?

Explanation

The correct answer is "Multiuse" because it refers to items that can be used again, even after being exposed to bodily fluids. This term implies that the item is designed to withstand multiple uses and can be properly cleaned and sanitized between each use to ensure safety and hygiene.

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19. You should ____ once a week ?

Explanation

Cleaning fans and ventilation systems once a week is important to maintain good air quality and prevent the buildup of dust, allergens, and other particles. Regular cleaning helps to ensure that the fans and ventilation systems are functioning properly and efficiently, promoting a healthy and comfortable environment. It also helps to prevent the spread of airborne contaminants and maintain the overall cleanliness of the space.

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20. How often must you disinfect a whirlpool spa used for pedicures ?

Explanation

After every pedicure, the whirlpool spa used for pedicures must be disinfected. This is because pedicures involve soaking the feet in the spa, which can introduce bacteria and other microorganisms into the water. Disinfecting the spa after each pedicure helps to prevent the spread of infections and ensures a clean and safe environment for the next client.

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21. All of the following are examples of fungi EXCEPT?

Explanation

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22. Which of these CANNOT be immersed in liquid disinfectant ?

Explanation

Nail drills cannot be immersed in liquid disinfectant because they are electrical devices that can be damaged by contact with liquids. Immersing a nail drill in liquid disinfectant can cause the electrical components to short circuit and malfunction. Therefore, it is recommended to clean nail drills using other methods such as wiping with disinfectant wipes or using a spray disinfectant.

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23. Organisms that grow, feed & find shelter on or in another organism are called?

Explanation

Parasites are organisms that grow, feed, and find shelter on or in another organism. They rely on their host for survival and often cause harm or discomfort to the host. Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms that can be parasitic, but not all bacteria are parasites. Germs is a broad term that can refer to any microorganism, including parasites, bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Toxins, on the other hand, are harmful substances produced by certain organisms, but they do not necessarily grow, feed, or find shelter on or in another organism.

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24. A local infection confined to a particular part of the body is indicated by ?

Explanation

A local infection confined to a particular part of the body is indicated by a lesion containing pus. Pus is a thick, yellowish fluid that is produced during an infection as a result of the body's immune response. It is composed of dead white blood cells, bacteria, and tissue debris. The presence of pus in a lesion suggests that there is an infection in that specific area of the body, as the body is attempting to fight off the infection by producing pus.

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25. Which of these is a ringworm fungus of the foot?

Explanation

Tinea Pedis is a ringworm fungus that affects the foot, commonly known as athlete's foot. It causes itching, redness, and scaling of the skin on the feet. Folliculitis Barbae is a bacterial infection that affects the hair follicles of the beard area. Tinea Capitis is a ringworm infection of the scalp. Tinea Barbae is a ringworm infection that affects the beard area. Therefore, the correct answer is Tinea Pedis.

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26. The microorganisms that cause hepatitis & HIV are called?

Explanation

Bloodborne pathogens are microorganisms that can be found in blood or other bodily fluids and can cause diseases such as hepatitis and HIV. These pathogens can be transmitted through contact with infected blood or other bodily fluids, such as through needlestick injuries or unprotected sexual contact. Streptococci and staphylococci are types of bacteria that can cause various infections but are not specifically associated with hepatitis or HIV. Fungi are a separate group of microorganisms that can cause fungal infections but are not typically associated with hepatitis or HIV. Therefore, the correct answer is Bloodborne Pathogens.

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27. When cleaning your implements; you should rinse them with ?

Explanation

When cleaning your implements, it is recommended to rinse them with warm water. Warm water helps to loosen dirt and debris more effectively than cold water. Additionally, warm water can help to dissolve and remove any residues left behind by cleaning products. Using hot water may be too harsh and can potentially damage the implements, while using cold water may not be as effective in removing dirt and bacteria. Therefore, warm water is the ideal choice for rinsing implements during the cleaning process.

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28. Pus contains ________, bacteria, & dead cells ?

Explanation

Pus is a thick fluid that is formed as a result of infection. It contains white blood cells, bacteria, and dead cells. White blood cells are an important component of pus as they are part of the body's immune response and help to fight off infections. Bacteria are the causative agents of the infection and dead cells are the result of tissue damage caused by the infection. Therefore, the presence of white blood cells, bacteria, and dead cells in pus is a characteristic feature of an infected area.

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29. Phenolic Disinfectants have ?

Explanation

Phenolic disinfectants have a high pH. pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, with a pH of 7 being neutral. A high pH indicates that the solution is alkaline or basic. Phenolic disinfectants, such as phenol or cresols, are known for their effectiveness against a wide range of microorganisms. They work by denaturing proteins and disrupting cell membranes. The high pH of phenolic disinfectants helps to enhance their antimicrobial activity and effectiveness in killing bacteria and viruses.

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30. A virucidal disinfectant is capable of destroying ?

Explanation

A virucidal disinfectant is specifically designed to destroy viruses. While it may also have some effectiveness against other pathogens such as bacteria and fungi, its primary function is to eliminate viruses. Viruses are unique infectious agents that require specific methods for disinfection, and a virucidal disinfectant is formulated to target and destroy these microscopic organisms.

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31. When disinfecting a foot spa, how long should you let the disinfectant circulate through the basin ?

Explanation

When disinfecting a foot spa, it is recommended to let the disinfectant circulate through the basin for 10 minutes. This duration allows the disinfectant to thoroughly clean and eliminate any potential bacteria or contaminants present in the foot spa. A shorter duration may not be sufficient to effectively disinfect the basin, while a longer duration may not provide any additional benefits and could potentially be wasteful. Therefore, 10 minutes is the optimal time for the disinfectant to circulate and ensure proper sanitation of the foot spa.

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32. Which of the following is an example of a single-use item?

Explanation

A pumice stone is an example of a single-use item because it is typically used for one-time exfoliation purposes and then discarded. Unlike the other options listed, such as a metal pusher, permanent wave rod, or nippers, which can be reused multiple times, a pumice stone is designed to be used only once due to its porous nature and the fact that it wears down with each use.

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33. A client with Hepatitis B who does NOT appear ill is said to be ?

Explanation

A client with Hepatitis B who does NOT appear ill is said to be asymptomatic. This means that the client is infected with the virus but does not show any symptoms or signs of the disease. Asymptomatic individuals can still transmit the virus to others, so it is important for them to take necessary precautions to prevent the spread of the infection.

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34. What should you do first when preparing to clean & disinfect a basic foot basin ?

Explanation

Before starting the process of cleaning and disinfecting a basic foot basin, it is important to prioritize personal safety. Putting on gloves and safety glasses is the first step to protect oneself from any potential harm or exposure to harmful chemicals or contaminants. This precaution ensures that the person cleaning the foot basin is protected from any potential risks during the cleaning process.

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35. Bacilli & Spirilla bacteria use slender, hair-like extensions called?

Explanation

Bacilli and Spirilla bacteria use slender, hair-like extensions called flagella. Flagella are whip-like structures that protrude from the cell surface and enable the bacteria to move. They rotate like a propeller, allowing the bacteria to swim through liquids or move on solid surfaces. These flagella play a crucial role in the motility and navigation of these bacteria.

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36. A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects & resides in the cells of a biological organism is a(n) ?

Explanation

A virus is a correct answer because it is a parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in the cells of a biological organism. Unlike bacteria or fungi, viruses cannot survive or reproduce on their own and require a host cell to do so.

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37. Most quats solutions disinfect implements in ?

Explanation

Quats solutions are disinfectants that are commonly used in various industries, including healthcare and food service. These solutions are effective in killing a wide range of bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The recommended contact time for quats solutions to effectively disinfect implements is typically 10 minutes. This duration allows the solution enough time to penetrate and kill any microorganisms present on the surface of the implements. Therefore, the correct answer is 10 min.

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38. OSHA defines _____ as "specialized clothing or equipment worn by an employee for protection against a hazard"

Explanation

OSHA defines PPEs as "specialized clothing or equipment worn by an employee for protection against a hazard". PPEs stands for Personal Protective Equipment, which includes items such as helmets, gloves, goggles, and masks that are designed to protect workers from potential hazards in the workplace. These items act as a barrier between the employee and the hazards, reducing the risk of injury or illness.

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39. Most bacteria are ?

Explanation

Most bacteria are nonpathogenic, meaning they do not cause disease or harm to their host organisms. While there are pathogenic bacteria that can cause infections and diseases, the majority of bacteria are actually beneficial or harmless. Nonpathogenic bacteria play important roles in various ecological processes, such as nutrient cycling, decomposition, and symbiotic relationships with plants and animals. They can also be used in industrial applications, such as fermentation processes for food production.

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40. A fungicidal disinfectant is capable of destroying ?

Explanation

A fungicidal disinfectant is capable of destroying fungi. This type of disinfectant specifically targets and kills fungi, which are a type of microorganism that can cause infections and diseases. It is not effective against bacteria or viruses, as they require different types of disinfectants or treatments.

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41. What are the two steps of Infection Control ?

Explanation

The correct answer is Cleaning & then Disinfecting. Infection control involves two main steps: cleaning and then disinfecting. Cleaning refers to the removal of dirt, debris, and organic matter from surfaces. This step helps to reduce the number of microorganisms present on the surface. Disinfecting, on the other hand, involves using chemicals or other agents to kill or inactivate the remaining microorganisms on the surface. By first cleaning and then disinfecting, the chances of eliminating or reducing the risk of infection are maximized. Sterilizing and disinfecting may be related to infection control, but the question specifically asks for the correct order of steps.

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42. Which term refers to an abnormal condition of all or part of the body that makes it incapable of carrying on normal functions ?

Explanation

A disease refers to an abnormal condition of all or part of the body that hinders its ability to perform normal functions. It is a broad term that encompasses various illnesses and health conditions caused by factors such as infections, genetic disorders, or lifestyle choices. Diseases can affect different organs, systems, or the entire body, leading to symptoms and impairments that disrupt normal bodily functions.

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43. When washing your hands, you should rub them together in a lather for at least ?

Explanation

When washing your hands, it is recommended to rub them together in a lather for at least 20 seconds. This is because it takes time for the soap to effectively break down and remove dirt, bacteria, and viruses from your hands. Rubbing your hands together for 20 seconds ensures that you cover all areas of your hands, including between your fingers and under your nails, to thoroughly clean them. It is a simple and effective way to maintain good hand hygiene and prevent the spread of germs.

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44. The term ______ refers to colonies of Microorganisms that adhere to environmental surface, as well as to the human body, and secrete a sticky protective coating that cements them together 

Explanation

Biofilms refer to colonies of microorganisms that adhere to environmental surfaces, as well as to the human body, and secrete a sticky protective coating that cements them together. This coating allows the microorganisms to form a complex community and provides protection against external threats. Biofilms can be found in various environments, including water pipes, medical devices, and even the human body, where they can cause infections and other health issues.

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45. Which of the following is used to remove the residue of pedicure products from a foot spa?

Explanation

Chelating detergents are used to remove the residue of pedicure products from a foot spa. Chelating detergents are specifically designed to bind and remove mineral deposits, such as salts and metals, which are commonly found in pedicure products. They help to break down and dissolve these residues, ensuring that the foot spa is thoroughly cleaned and free from any leftover product. Salt, UV sanitizers, and disinfectants may have their own uses in foot spa maintenance, but they are not specifically designed to remove the residue of pedicure products.

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46. Which form of hepatitis is the most difficult to kill on a salon surface ?

Explanation

Hepatitis B is the correct answer because it is a very resilient virus that can survive outside the body for up to seven days. It can withstand harsh conditions and is resistant to many disinfectants commonly used in salons. Therefore, it is more difficult to eliminate from salon surfaces compared to other forms of hepatitis.

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47. Chemical germicides that are formulated for use on the skin & are registered & regulated by the FDA are called?

Explanation

Antiseptics are a type of chemical germicides that are specifically formulated for use on the skin. They are registered and regulated by the FDA, ensuring their safety and effectiveness. Antiseptics are commonly used to prevent infections by killing or inhibiting the growth of microorganisms on the skin.

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48. One-celled microorganisms with plant & animal characteristics are called ?

Explanation

Bacteria are one-celled microorganisms that can have characteristics of both plants and animals. They are classified as prokaryotes, lacking a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Bacteria can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and even inside the human body. They play important roles in various ecological processes and can have both beneficial and harmful effects on other organisms. Bacteria can be responsible for causing diseases, but they are also used in various industries such as food production and biotechnology.

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49. Which of the following work surfaces should be disinfected daily?

Explanation

Doorknobs and handles should be disinfected daily because they are frequently touched surfaces that can harbor a high number of germs and bacteria. Regular disinfection helps prevent the spread of infections and diseases. Tables, styling stations, and shampoo sinks may also need to be disinfected regularly, but the question specifically asks for surfaces that should be disinfected daily.

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50. When preparing a disinfectant solution, you should ?

Explanation

When preparing a disinfectant solution, it is recommended to add the disinfectant to the water. This is because adding the water to the disinfectant can cause the disinfectant to splatter or create foam, which may result in an uneven mixture. By adding the disinfectant to the water slowly and stirring gently, you can ensure a more uniform and effective solution.

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51. A parasitc submicroscopic particle that infects & resides in the cells of a biological organism is a(a) ?

Explanation

A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in the cells of a biological organism is a virus. Viruses are considered non-living entities that require a host cell to reproduce and cause infections. They are composed of genetic material (DNA or RNA) enclosed in a protein coat. Once inside a host cell, viruses hijack the cellular machinery to replicate themselves and spread to other cells. This parasitic nature of viruses distinguishes them from other options such as vaccines, bacteria, and fungi.

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52. The disinfectant sodium hypochlorite is commonly known as?

Explanation

Sodium hypochlorite is commonly known as bleach. Bleach is a powerful disinfectant that is commonly used for cleaning and sanitizing purposes. It is effective in killing bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms. Sodium hypochlorite is a chemical compound that contains chlorine, which gives bleach its strong disinfecting properties.

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53. Acquired immunity is NOT obtained through?

Explanation

Acquired immunity refers to the immune response that develops after exposure to a specific pathogen or antigen. It is not obtained through inheritance, as it is not passed down from parents to offspring through genetic material. Instead, acquired immunity is developed by an individual's own immune system in response to exposure to allergens, inoculation (vaccination), or overcoming a disease. Inheritance, on the other hand, refers to the transmission of genetic traits from parents to their offspring.

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54. Which of the following is NOT a classification of pathogenic bacteria ?

Explanation

The correct answer is "Virus" because viruses are not classified as bacteria. Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms that can cause disease, whereas viruses are much smaller and can only replicate inside living cells. They are considered a separate type of microorganism and are not classified within the bacterial classification system.

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55. The inactive growth stage of bacteria is also known as the ?

Explanation

The inactive growth stage of bacteria is known as the spore-forming stage. During this stage, bacteria form spores as a means of survival in unfavorable conditions such as extreme temperatures or lack of nutrients. Spores are highly resistant structures that allow bacteria to remain dormant until conditions become more favorable for growth and reproduction.

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56. The process of bacteria dividing into two cells is called ?

Explanation

Binary fission is the correct answer because it refers to the process by which a single bacterium divides into two identical daughter cells. During binary fission, the bacterium's DNA replicates, and the two copies move to opposite ends of the cell. The cell then elongates and eventually splits into two separate cells, each containing a copy of the DNA. This process is a common method of reproduction for bacteria and allows for rapid population growth.

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57. Before use, all concentrated disinfectants must be ?

Explanation

Before use, concentrated disinfectants must be diluted. This is because concentrated disinfectants are highly concentrated solutions that can be harmful or corrosive if used directly. Dilution involves mixing the concentrated disinfectant with water or another suitable solvent to reduce its concentration to a safe and effective level for use. Dilution ensures that the disinfectant is properly balanced and can effectively kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms without causing harm to surfaces or individuals.

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58. Bacteria consist of an outer cell wall containing a liquid called ?

Explanation

Bacteria consist of an outer cell wall that encloses a liquid called protoplasm. Protoplasm is a semi-fluid substance that contains various cellular components such as cytoplasm, nucleic acids, and proteins. It is responsible for carrying out essential functions within the bacterial cell, including metabolism, growth, and reproduction. The cell wall provides structural support and protection to the bacterial cell, while the protoplasm carries out the necessary biochemical reactions for the bacterium's survival and functioning.

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59. When cleaning a foot spa at the end of the day, you should fill the basin with _______ & chelating detergent ?

Explanation

When cleaning a foot spa at the end of the day, it is recommended to fill the basin with warm water and chelating detergent. Warm water helps to dissolve any residues or dirt present in the foot spa, making it easier to clean. Chelating detergent is specifically designed to remove mineral deposits and other impurities from surfaces, ensuring a thorough cleaning of the foot spa. Using warm water and chelating detergent together helps to effectively sanitize and maintain the cleanliness of the foot spa.

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60. How often does the Centers for Disease Control ( CDC ) require that autoclaves be tested to ensure they are properly sterilizing implements ?

Explanation

Autoclaves are used to sterilize implements in healthcare settings, and it is crucial to ensure their proper functioning. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) require that autoclaves be tested regularly to ensure they are effectively sterilizing implements. Testing them on a weekly basis allows for frequent monitoring and identification of any issues that may arise. This ensures that the autoclaves are consistently functioning at optimal levels to maintain a safe and sterile environment for patients and healthcare providers.

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61. Which of the following is a type of staph infection that is highly resistant to antibiotics?

Explanation

MRSA stands for Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, which is a type of staph infection that is highly resistant to antibiotics. This bacteria is resistant to many commonly used antibiotics, making it difficult to treat. MRSA infections can occur in various parts of the body and can range from mild to severe. It is often spread through skin-to-skin contact or by touching contaminated surfaces. Proper hygiene practices and appropriate antibiotic use are crucial in preventing and managing MRSA infections.

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62. A disease that effects the body as a whole, often due to under-or overfunctioning is called?

Explanation

A disease that affects the body as a whole, often due to under- or overfunctioning, is called systemic. This term refers to a condition that involves multiple organs or systems in the body, rather than being localized to a specific area. Systemic diseases can have a wide range of causes and symptoms, and they can impact various aspects of a person's health and well-being.

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63. Which term refers to the effectiveness with which a disinfecting solution kills germs when used according to the label instructions ? 

Explanation

Efficacy refers to the effectiveness of a disinfecting solution in killing germs when used according to the label instructions. It measures how well the solution can eliminate or reduce the number of microorganisms on surfaces or objects. Efficacy is an important factor to consider when choosing a disinfectant, as it ensures that the product is capable of effectively killing germs and preventing the spread of infections.

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64. A skin disease caused by an infestation of head lice is called ?

Explanation

Pediculosis Capitis is the correct answer because it refers to a skin disease caused by an infestation of head lice. Head lice are tiny insects that attach themselves to the hair and scalp, causing itching and discomfort. This condition is commonly found in children and can spread easily through close contact or sharing personal items like hats or combs. Proper treatment, including medicated shampoos and thorough cleaning of affected items, is necessary to eliminate the infestation and prevent its spread.

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65. Pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters & can cause abscesses, pustules & boils are?

Explanation

Staphylococci are a type of pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters and can cause abscesses, pustules, and boils. They are commonly found on the skin and mucous membranes of humans and animals. Staphylococci are responsible for a wide range of infections, including skin infections, pneumonia, and bloodstream infections. They are often resistant to antibiotics, making them a significant public health concern.

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66. When performing the weekly cleaning of a foot spa, how long should you leave the disinfectant in the basin ?

Explanation

To ensure proper disinfection, it is recommended to leave the disinfectant in the foot spa basin overnight. This extended period allows enough time for the disinfectant to effectively kill any bacteria, fungi, or viruses that may be present in the basin. Leaving it for a shorter duration, such as 30 minutes, 10 minutes, or 5 minutes, may not provide sufficient time for the disinfectant to work effectively and eliminate all potential pathogens.

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67. Which bacteria are transmitted in the air, in dust or within the substance in which they settle ?

Explanation

Cocci are a type of bacteria that are transmitted in the air, in dust, or within the substance in which they settle. They are spherical or oval-shaped bacteria that can form clusters or chains. These bacteria can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and air. They can cause a wide range of infections in humans and animals.

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68. Which type of foot spa does NOT circulate water ?

Explanation

A non-whirlpool basin does not circulate water. Unlike air-jet basins, pipeless foot spas, and whirlpool foot spas, which all have mechanisms to circulate water, a non-whirlpool basin does not have any such mechanism. Therefore, it does not circulate water.

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69. The removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item's surface is called ?

Explanation

Decontamination refers to the process of removing blood or other potentially infectious materials from the surface of an item. This process aims to eliminate or reduce the presence of harmful substances, such as bacteria or viruses, to a safe level. It is an essential practice in healthcare settings to prevent the spread of infections and maintain a clean and safe environment. Sanitizing, disinfection, and sterilization are related processes but differ in their level of effectiveness and the types of microorganisms they target.

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70. Tuberculocidal Disinfectants ?

Explanation

Tuberculocidal disinfectants may require special methods of disposal because they are designed to kill the bacteria that cause tuberculosis. These disinfectants are highly potent and can be harmful to both humans and the environment if not disposed of properly. Therefore, it is important to follow specific guidelines and regulations for their disposal to ensure safety and prevent any potential negative impacts.

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71. The most common way that infections spread in a salon is ?

Explanation

In a salon, the most common way that infections spread is through dirty hands. This can happen when salon staff or clients do not properly wash their hands before and after treatments. Dirty hands can transfer bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens from one person to another, increasing the risk of infections. It is important for everyone in a salon to practice good hand hygiene by washing hands with soap and water or using hand sanitizer regularly to prevent the spread of infections.

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72. Effective sterilization typically requires the use of _____ to complete?

Explanation

An autoclave is necessary for effective sterilization because it uses high pressure and steam to kill all forms of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and spores. This method ensures that the equipment or materials being sterilized are free from any potential contaminants. Tuberculocidal disinfectants, bleach, and quats are effective for disinfection but may not completely eliminate all microorganisms, making them less suitable for sterilization purposes.

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73. The term _______ is defined as a chemical process for reducing the number of disease-causing germ on cleaned surfaces to a safe level?

Explanation

Sanitizing is the correct answer because it refers to the process of reducing the number of disease-causing germs on cleaned surfaces to a safe level. This process typically involves using chemicals or heat to kill or remove most of the microorganisms present, but it does not necessarily eliminate all of them. Sanitizing is commonly used in food preparation areas, hospitals, and other settings where a high level of cleanliness is required to prevent the spread of infections.

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74. The Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) was created as part of which federal agency ?

Explanation

The correct answer is Department of Labor. The Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) was created as part of the Department of Labor. OSHA is responsible for ensuring safe and healthy working conditions for employees by setting and enforcing standards and providing training, outreach, education, and assistance to employers and workers.

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75. Hospital disinfectants can be used on _____ surfaces in the salon ?

Explanation

Hospital disinfectants can be used on nonporous surfaces in the salon. Nonporous surfaces do not allow the passage of liquids or air, making them easier to clean and disinfect. This type of surface includes materials like glass, metal, and plastic. Hospital disinfectants are specifically designed to kill a wide range of bacteria, viruses, and fungi, making them suitable for use on nonporous surfaces to maintain a clean and safe environment in the salon.

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76. The spherical bacteria that cause diseases such as pneumonia are ?

Explanation

Diplococci are spherical bacteria that cause diseases such as pneumonia. They are called diplococci because they typically occur in pairs, with each bacterium resembling a round ball. These bacteria can cause infections in the respiratory system, leading to pneumonia. They are often found in the respiratory secretions of infected individuals and can be transmitted through respiratory droplets.

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77. Which statement about rules is correct?

Explanation

Rules are a set of guidelines or principles that establish specific standards of conduct. They provide a framework for individuals or groups to follow in order to maintain order and ensure fairness. Unlike laws, which are written by federal and state legislatures, rules can be created by various entities such as organizations, institutions, or communities. Rules are more specific and detailed compared to laws, as laws are broader in scope and apply to a larger population.

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78. On which part of an Safety Data Sheet ( SDS ) would you find information about the symptoms & effects of exposure to the chemical substance ?

Explanation

In the First-aid measures section of a Safety Data Sheet (SDS), you would find information about the symptoms and effects of exposure to the chemical substance. This section provides guidelines on how to respond and provide initial medical assistance in case of exposure or accidents involving the chemical. It typically includes information on the potential health hazards, symptoms, and recommended treatments for different types of exposure, such as inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact.

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79. The amount of time the surface must stay moist with disinfectant in order for the disinfectant to be effective is called?

Explanation

Contact time refers to the amount of time that a surface must remain moist with disinfectant in order for the disinfectant to effectively kill or inactivate pathogens. This is an important factor in ensuring proper disinfection and preventing the spread of infections. It is the duration during which the disinfectant is in contact with the surface, allowing it to effectively work and eliminate any potential pathogens present.

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80. The CDC guidelines that require the employer & employee to assume that all human blood & body fluids are potentially infectious are currently called the ?

Explanation

Standard Precautions is the correct answer because it refers to the CDC guidelines that require both employers and employees to assume that all human blood and body fluids are potentially infectious. These guidelines aim to prevent the transmission of pathogens in healthcare settings and include practices such as hand hygiene, the use of personal protective equipment, safe injection practices, and proper handling and disposal of sharps. Universal Precautions, on the other hand, was a previous approach that focused specifically on bloodborne pathogens, while Disease Prevention Guidelines and Safety Rules are not specific terms used to describe these CDC guidelines.

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81. Which type of bacteria cause blood poisoning ?

Explanation

Streptococci are a type of bacteria that can cause blood poisoning. They are spherical-shaped bacteria that can form chains. Streptococcal infections can lead to serious conditions such as sepsis, a life-threatening infection that can spread throughout the body via the bloodstream. Streptococci can release toxins that damage tissues and organs, leading to the symptoms of blood poisoning.

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82. The most common bacteria are ?

Explanation

Bacilli are the most common bacteria. They are rod-shaped bacteria that can be found in various environments including soil, water, and the human body. Bacilli can cause various infections and diseases such as tuberculosis and anthrax. They can also be beneficial, as some bacilli are used in the production of antibiotics and certain food products.

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83. A(n) ______ uses impellers to circulate water ?

Explanation

A pipeless foot spa uses impellers to circulate water. Impellers are rotating devices that create a flow of water by spinning and pushing it in a circular motion. In a pipeless foot spa, the impellers are responsible for circulating the water within the basin, providing a relaxing and therapeutic experience for the user. Unlike a whirlpool foot spa, which uses jets to create turbulence in the water, a pipeless foot spa utilizes impellers to circulate the water in a gentler manner. This helps to prevent the buildup of bacteria and debris in the pipes, making it a more hygienic option.

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84. Which of these is NOT a method of cleaning your tools or implements ?

Explanation

Soaking tools in disinfectant is not a method of cleaning tools or implements. Disinfectant is used to kill germs and bacteria, but it does not effectively remove dirt, debris, or other contaminants from the tools. Cleaning solvents, washing with soap and water, and using an ultrasonic unit are all effective methods for cleaning tools and implements as they can remove dirt, debris, and bacteria.

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85. Which type of bacteria cause Lyme Disease ?

Explanation

Spirilla are a type of bacteria that can cause Lyme Disease. Lyme Disease is primarily caused by the bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi, which is a spirochete bacterium. Spirochetes are spiral-shaped bacteria, hence the term "spirilla". These bacteria are transmitted to humans through the bite of infected black-legged ticks. Lyme Disease can lead to a variety of symptoms, including fever, fatigue, headache, and a characteristic skin rash. If left untreated, it can cause more severe complications affecting the joints, heart, and nervous system.

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You should wash your hands thoroughly ?
A reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain food, chemical or...
For proper client protection, linens & cloth materials should be ?
The ability of the body to recognize, destroy & resist infection...
Disinfectants used in salons must be ?
The form required from manufacturers that lists handling, disposal,...
Your first step when an exposure incident occurs is to?
When using disinfectants, you should NOT ?
A state regulatory agency can issue penalties against ?
When a bacteria cell grows & splits into two new cells, the new...
What is given to prevent viruses from growing in the body ?
Which term refers to the invasion of body tissues by disease-causing...
Hepatitis is a bloodborne virus that can damage which part of the body...
Which of the following is NOT a common contagious disease...
All of the following are examples of single-use items EXCEPT ?
The presence of which of the following is sign of a bacterial...
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( HIV ) is the virus that causes ?
Items that can be used again, even after exposure to bodily fluids,...
You should ____ once a week ?
How often must you disinfect a whirlpool spa used for pedicures ?
All of the following are examples of fungi EXCEPT?
Which of these CANNOT be immersed in liquid disinfectant ?
Organisms that grow, feed & find shelter on or in another organism...
A local infection confined to a particular part of the body is...
Which of these is a ringworm fungus of the foot?
The microorganisms that cause hepatitis & HIV are called?
When cleaning your implements; you should rinse them with ?
Pus contains ________, bacteria, & dead cells ?
Phenolic Disinfectants have ?
A virucidal disinfectant is capable of destroying ?
When disinfecting a foot spa, how long should you let the disinfectant...
Which of the following is an example of a single-use item?
A client with Hepatitis B who does NOT appear ill is said to be ?
What should you do first when preparing to clean & disinfect a...
Bacilli & Spirilla bacteria use slender, hair-like extensions...
A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects & resides in the...
Most quats solutions disinfect implements in ?
OSHA defines _____ as "specialized clothing or equipment worn by...
Most bacteria are ?
A fungicidal disinfectant is capable of destroying ?
What are the two steps of Infection Control ?
Which term refers to an abnormal condition of all or part of the body...
When washing your hands, you should rub them together in a lather for...
The term ______ refers to colonies of Microorganisms that adhere to...
Which of the following is used to remove the residue of pedicure...
Which form of hepatitis is the most difficult to kill on a salon...
Chemical germicides that are formulated for use on the skin & are...
One-celled microorganisms with plant & animal characteristics are...
Which of the following work surfaces should be disinfected daily?
When preparing a disinfectant solution, you should ?
A parasitc submicroscopic particle that infects & resides in the...
The disinfectant sodium hypochlorite is commonly known as?
Acquired immunity is NOT obtained through?
Which of the following is NOT a classification of pathogenic...
The inactive growth stage of bacteria is also known as the ?
The process of bacteria dividing into two cells is called ?
Before use, all concentrated disinfectants must be ?
Bacteria consist of an outer cell wall containing a liquid called ?
When cleaning a foot spa at the end of the day, you should fill the...
How often does the Centers for Disease Control ( CDC ) require that...
Which of the following is a type of staph infection that is highly...
A disease that effects the body as a whole, often due to under-or...
Which term refers to the effectiveness with which a disinfecting...
A skin disease caused by an infestation of head lice is called ?
Pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters & can cause abscesses,...
When performing the weekly cleaning of a foot spa, how long should you...
Which bacteria are transmitted in the air, in dust or within the...
Which type of foot spa does NOT circulate water ?
The removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an...
Tuberculocidal Disinfectants ?
The most common way that infections spread in a salon is ?
Effective sterilization typically requires the use of _____ to...
The term _______ is defined as a chemical process for reducing the...
The Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) was created...
Hospital disinfectants can be used on _____ surfaces in the salon ?
The spherical bacteria that cause diseases such as pneumonia are ?
Which statement about rules is correct?
On which part of an Safety Data Sheet ( SDS ) would you find...
The amount of time the surface must stay moist with disinfectant in...
The CDC guidelines that require the employer & employee to assume...
Which type of bacteria cause blood poisoning ?
The most common bacteria are ?
A(n) ______ uses impellers to circulate water ?
Which of these is NOT a method of cleaning your tools or...
Which type of bacteria cause Lyme Disease ?
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