Heart & Cardiovascular System Anatomy Exam Review

54 Questions | By Xomichelleb | Updated: Mar 21, 2022 | Attempts: 732

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Heart & Cardiovascular System Anatomy Exam Review - Quiz

Questions and Answers

1.

Which of the following terms identifies the anatomical region found between the lungs that extends from the sternum to the vertebral column and from the first rib to the diaphragm?
- A.
  
  A) Epicardium
- B.
  
  B) Abdominal cavity
- C.
  
  C) Pericardium
- D.
  
  D) Mediastinum
- E.
  
  E) Thoracic cavity
2.

The membrane that surrounds and protects the heart is called the
- A.
  
  A) pericardium
- B.
  
  B) pleura
- C.
  
  C) myocardium
- D.
  
  D) mediastinum
- E.
  
  E) endocardium
3.

The apex of the heart is normally pointed
- A.
  
  A) at the midline
- B.
  
  B) to the left of the midline
- C.
  
  C) to the right of the midline
- D.
  
  D) is different for males and females
- E.
  
  E) posteriorly
4.

Trauma to the pericardium associated with bleeding into the pericardial cavity, might cause
- A.
  
  A) myocarditis
- B.
  
  B) endocarditis
- C.
  
  C) cardiac tamponade
- D.
  
  D) rapid heart rate
- E.
  
  E) none of these
5.

Which of the following is used to reduce friction between the layers of membranes surrounding the heart?
- A.
  
  A) Synovial fluid
- B.
  
  B) Endocardium
- C.
  
  C) Pleural fluid
- D.
  
  D) Pericardial fluid
- E.
  
  E) Capillary endothelium
6.

The visceral layer of the serous pericardium is also considered to be the
- A.
  
  A) epicardium
- B.
  
  B) myocardium
- C.
  
  C) endocardium
- D.
  
  D) fibrous pericardium
- E.
  
  E) None of the answer selections is correct 5
7.

Which layer of the heart wall consists of cardiac muscle tissue?
- A.
  
  A) Epicardium
- B.
  
  B) Pericardium
- C.
  
  C) Myocardium
- D.
  
  D) Endocardium
- E.
  
  E) Hypocardium
8.

A patient presents with a fever, heart murmur, irregular heartbeat, fatigue, loss of appetite and night sweats. As a physician, your diagnosis would be that of endocarditis typically caused by
- A.
  
  A) a virus
- B.
  
  B) an autoimmune condition
- C.
  
  C) a bacterial infection
- D.
  
  D) exposure to radiation
- E.
  
  E) cancer
9.

Cardiac tamponade may develop following a case of
- A.
  
  A) myocarditis
- B.
  
  B) endocarditis
- C.
  
  C) palpitation
- D.
  
  D) pericarditis
- E.
  
  E) tachycardia
10.

The coronary sulcus marks the external boundary between the [dropdown 1] and the [dropdown 2]
- A.
  
  Dropdown 1 Choices:
- B.
  
  Auricles
- C.
  
  Coronary arteries
- D.
  
  Coronary sinus
- E.
  
  Superior atria
- F.
  
  Dropdown 2 Choices:
- G.
  
  Apex
- H.
  
  Auricles
- I.
  
  Base
- J.
  
  Inferior ventricles
11.

Pectinate muscles extend from the atrial internal wall into the pouch-like structures that increase the total filling capacity of the atrium. These structure are the
- A.
  
  A) ventricles
- B.
  
  B) coronary sulci
- C.
  
  C) fossa ovalis
- D.
  
  D) interatrial septa
- E.
  
  E) auricles
12.

Identify the groove found on the surface of the heart that marks the boundary between the right and left ventricles.
- A.
  
  A) Coronary sulcus
- B.
  
  B) Anterior interventricular sulcus
- C.
  
  C) Posterior interventricular sulcus
- D.
  
  D) Coronary sinus
- E.
  
  E) Anterior intraventricular sulcus
13.

Identify the muscular ridges that are found on the anterior wall of the right atrium and extend into the auricles.
- A.
  
  A) Pectinate muscles
- B.
  
  B) Trabeculae carneae
- C.
  
  C) Coronary sulci
- D.
  
  D) Papillary muscles
- E.
  
  E) Chordae tendinae
14.

Through which structure does blood pass from the right atrium to the right ventricle?
- A.
  
  A) Bicuspid valve
- B.
  
  B) Interventricular septum
- C.
  
  C) Tricuspid valve
- D.
  
  D) Mitral valve
- E.
  
  E) Ascending aorta
15.

What type of tissue comprises the valves of the heart?
- A.
  
  A) Dense connective tissue
- B.
  
  B) Areolar connective tissue
- C.
  
  C) Hyaline cartilage
- D.
  
  D) Cardiac muscle tissue
- E.
  
  E) Adipose tissue
16.

Blood leaving the left ventricle passes through which of the following structures?
- A.
  
  A) Right atrium
- B.
  
  B) Interventricular septum
- C.
  
  C) Bicuspid valve
- D.
  
  D) Aortic semilunar valve
- E.
  
  E) Pulmonary semilunar valve
17.

Identify the structure found in a fetus that allows blood to flow directly from the pulmonary trunk into the aorta.
- A.
  
  A) Fossa ovalis
- B.
  
  B) Foramen ovale
- C.
  
  C) Trabeculae carneae
- D.
  
  D) Descending aorta
- E.
  
  E) Ductus arteriosus
18.

Contraction of the ventricles of the heart leads to blood moving directly
- A.
  
  A) into arteries.
- B.
  
  B) into capillaries.
- C.
  
  C) into veins.
- D.
  
  D) through an atrioventricular valve.
- E.
  
  E) through the apex.
19.

Contraction of the atria of the heart leads to blood moving directly
- A.
  
  A) into auricles.
- B.
  
  B) into arteries.
- C.
  
  C) into veins
- D.
  
  D) through atrioventricular valves
- E.
  
  E) through semilunar valves.
20.

Which valve below prevents blood from flowing back into the right ventricle?
- A.
  
  A) Tricuspid valve
- B.
  
  B) Bicuspid valve
- C.
  
  C) Pulmonary semilunar valve
- D.
  
  D) Aortic semilunar valve
- E.
  
  E) Mitral valve
21.

Which of the following chambers of the heart contains deoxygenated blood?
- A.
  
  A) Left atrium and left ventricle
- B.
  
  B) Left atrium only
- C.
  
  C) Right atrium and right ventricle
- D.
  
  D) Right ventricle only
- E.
  
  E) Left atrium and right ventricle
22.

Which of the following blood vessels is used to distribute oxygenated blood to the myocardium?
- A.
  
  A) Coronary artery
- B.
  
  B) Coronary vein
- C.
  
  C) Coronary sinus
- D.
  
  D) Vena cava
- E.
  
  E) Myocardial vein
23.

Cardiac muscle fibers are electrically connected to neighboring fibers by
- A.
  
  A) desmosomes.
- B.
  
  B) tight junctions.
- C.
  
  C) gap junctions.
- D.
  
  D) interneurons.
- E.
  
  E) chordae tendinae.
24.

Which of the following types of muscle contains the largest number of mitochondria per cell?
- A.
  
  A) Smooth muscle
- B.
  
  B) Skeletal muscle
- C.
  
  C) Cardiac muscle
- D.
  
  D) All the muscle types contain approximately the same number.
- E.
  
  E) Mitochondria are not found in muscle cells.
25.

Which network of specialized cardiac muscle fibers provides a path for each cycle of cardiac excitation to progress through the heart?
- A.
  
  A) Systemic circuit
- B.
  
  B) Intercalated discs
- C.
  
  C) Cardiovascular center
- D.
  
  D) Cardiac conduction system
- E.
  
  E) Pulmonary circuit