Kosice - Biology - 1 To 50
- 1.1. Which of the following statements are the part of the cell theory:
- A.
a. only animals are composed of cells
- B.
B. all cells consist of the same elements and molecules
- C.
C. all cells come from existing cells
- D.
D. all living things are made of cells
- E.
E. cells are the basic units of structure and function in all living organisms
- F.
F. cells must contain DNA
- G.
G. all cells are surrounded by the plasma membrane
- H.
H. all cells have the ability of storing and replicating the genetic information
- 2.2. Bacteria:
- A.
A. are the simplest cellular organisms
- B.
B. are prokaryotes
- C.
C. may form multicellular organisms
- D.
D. can only form unicellular organisms
- E.
E. may have numerous membranous organelles
- F.
F. have no membranous compartments within a cell
- G.
G. contain large central vacuoles
- H.
h. are usually surrounded by a strong cell wall
- 3.3. Which of the following statements are correct:
- A.
A. DNA contains the four different bases A, G, U, and C
- B.
B. nucleic acids contain sugar groups
- C.
C. plants have chloroplasts and therefore can live without mitochondria
- D.
D. cytosol is only present in eukaryotic cells
- E.
E. ribosomes become linked by an mRNA molecule to form polyribosomes
- F.
F. cytoplasmic membrane consists of phospholipid double layer and peripheral and integral proteins
- G.
G. lysosomes digest only substances that have been taken up by endocytosis
- H.
H. cell wall is permeable
- 4.5. Cytoplasmic membrane:
- A.
A. is usually the only biomembrane in prokaryotic cells
- B.
B. regulates the intake of substances into the cell
- C.
C. is called plasmalemma
- D.
D. is called nuclear membrane
- E.
E. belongs to basic cellular surfaces
- F.
F. contains receptors so cells can receive signals
- G.
G. forms the environment for life and metabolic activity of organelles
- H.
H. primarily provides mechanical protection of the cell
- 5.4. The basic cell surfaces of eukaryotic cells include:
- A.
A. plasmalemma
- B.
B. nuclear envelope
- C.
C. cuticle
- D.
D. pellicle
- E.
E. cell wall
- F.
F. cytoplasmic membrane
- G.
G. slime capsule
- H.
H. nuclear membrane
- 6.8. What is the name of the jelly-like substance inside the cell:
- A.
A. cytoplasm
- B.
B. cytokinesis
- C.
C. cytosol
- D.
D. plasma membrane
- E.
E. matrix
- F.
F. plasmalemma
- G.
G. karyon
- H.
H. karyolemma
- 7.6. There are two basic types of cells:
- A.
A. plant and animal
- B.
B. nuclear and nucleus-free
- C.
C. differentiated and non-differentiated
- D.
D. prokaryotic and eukaryotic
- E.
E. microscopic and submicroscopic
- F.
F. simple and compound
- G.
G. membrane and non-membrane
- H.
H. somatic and germ
- 8.7. Which of the following organelles are found in plant cells but not in animal cells:
- A.
A. mitochondria
- B.
B. endoplasmic reticulum
- C.
C. central vacuole
- D.
D. Golgi apparatus
- E.
E. chloroplasts
- F.
F. nucleolus
- G.
G. lysosomes
- H.
H. ribosomes
- 9.11. Eukaryotic cells, unlike prokaryotic ones:
- A.
A. have membrane-bounded organelles
- B.
B. do not have membrane-bounded organelles
- C.
C. have a nucleus bounded by double membrane
- D.
D. do not have nuclear envelope
- E.
E. have circular nuclear chromosomes
- F.
F. possess a nucleus
- G.
G. have their internal space compartmentalized into organelles
- H.
H. contain DNA as a store of genetic information
- 10.9. Prokaryotic cells do not have:
- A.
A. plastids
- B.
B. membrane-bounded organelles
- C.
C. ribosomes
- D.
D. nucleus
- E.
E. cytoplasmic membrane
- F.
F. DNA
- G.
G. nucleolus
- H.
H. mitochondria
- 11.10. Biomembranes consist of:
- A.
A. a double layer of proteins and molecules of saccharides
- B.
B. a double layer of lipids and integral and peripheral proteins
- C.
C. a double layer of phospholipids and a double layer of saccharides
- D.
D. a single layer of phospholipids and two layers of the molecules of proteins
- E.
E. molecules of phospholipids which form a double layer and molecules of proteins
- F.
F. the external protein layer and the internal lipid layer
- G.
G. integral and peripheral lipids and molecules of proteins
- H.
H. a double layer of phospholipids, in which molecules of proteins are immersed
- 12.12. Animal cells, unlike plant cells:
- A.
A. are separated from the external environment by a cytoplasmic membrane
- B.
B. contain lysosomes filled with enzymes that degrade polymers into their monomeric subunits in the cell
- C.
C. contain vacuoles
- D.
D. are surrounded by the polysaccharide cell walls
- E.
E. may have plasmodesmata that connect neighbouring cells
- F.
F. do not have any cell wall
- G.
G. have a tonoplast
- H.
H. may contain myofibrils, tonofibrils, neurofibrils
- 13.13. The cytoskeleton of a cell:
- A.
A. enables for spatial division of organelles in the cell
- B.
B. represents a static skeleton of the cell
- C.
C. is employed in the process of diffusion
- D.
D. is employed in the process of phagocytosis
- E.
E. is employed in the process of pinocytosis
- F.
F. is employed in the process of osmosis
- G.
G. is composed of nucleoprotein fibres
- H.
H. has kinetic, mechanical and supportive functions
- 14.14. Rough endoplasmic reticulum:
- A.
A. is the site of vitamin D synthesis
- B.
B. is the site of lipid synthesis
- C.
C. lacks ribosomes
- D.
D. is the site of protein synthesis
- E.
E. has the outer side of membrane studded with ribosomes
- F.
F. plays role in the intracellular transport of substances
- G.
G. plays role in the intercellular transport of substances
- H.
H. does not belong to membrane-bounded organelles of the cell
- 15.15. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum:
- A.
A. does not have the outer side of membrane studded with ribosomes
- B.
B. is visible under the light microscope
- C.
C. participates in the synthesis of lipids
- D.
D. functions in lipid production and metabolism
- E.
E. contains mainly hydrolytic enzymes
- F.
F. has the inner side of membrane studded with ribosomes
- G.
G. is the site of protein synthesis
- H.
H. plays role in the intracellular transport of some substances
- 16.16. Lysosomes:
- A.
A. act in lytic processes in the cell
- B.
B. are present in animal cells
- C.
C. are present in prokaryotic cells
- D.
D. are present in plant cells
- E.
E. modify the substances synthesized on ribosomes, so they may be excreted out of the cell
- F.
F. contain hydrolytic enzymes used for intracellular digestion
- G.
G. transfer molecules between different compartments
- H.
H. digest worn out organelles
- 17.17. Mitochondria are:
- A.
A. present only in eukaryotic cells
- B.
B. organelles with two membranes
- C.
C. energy centre of the cell
- D.
D. present in some of the prokaryotic cells
- E.
E. metabolic-respiratory centre of the cell
- F.
F. synthetic centre of the cell
- G.
G. present in numbers that directly correlate with the level of cell metabolic activity
- H.
H. present only in animal cells
- 18.18. Cell nucleus:
- A.
A. is called as nucleoid in eukaryotic cells
- B.
B. is called as nucleolus
- C.
C. consists mainly of RNA and proteins
- D.
D. of eukaryotic cells contains circular chromosomes
- E.
E. contains the DNA and proteins, which form chromatin
- F.
F. has nuclear envelope on the surface
- G.
G. has plasmalemma on the surface
- H.
H. is surrounded by double membrane
- 19.19. Ribosomes:
- A.
A. belong to membrane-bounded organelles of the cell
- B.
B. can be seen using a light microscope
- C.
C. are submicroscopic particles
- D.
D. do not belong to membrane-bounded organelles of the cell
- E.
E. are only visible in an electron microscope
- F.
F. are attached to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- G.
G. are macromolecular structures composed of DNA and proteins
- H.
H. are macromolecular structures composed of rRNA and proteins
- 20.20. Mitochondria:
- A.
A. are organelles with single membrane
- B.
B. are organelles with double membrane
- C.
C. synthesize their own specific proteins
- D.
D. have the molecules of the DNA in the matrix
- E.
E. have the enzyme complex for the Krebs cycle in the matrix
- F.
F. are filled with stroma
- G.
G. represents a dynamic skeleton of the cell
- H.
H. have enzymes of the oxidative phosphorylation localized on the mitochondrial cristae
- 21.24. The cytoskeleton of the cell:
- A.
A. belongs to membranous structures
- B.
B. is necessary for all types of cellular active movements
- C.
C. represents a dynamic structure of the cell
- D.
D. represents a static structure of the cell
- E.
E. belongs to fibrous structures
- F.
F. belongs to non-living parts of the cell
- G.
G. is formed by microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments
- H.
H. is formed by nucleoprotein fibres
- 22.23. Dictyosomes:
- A.
A. are part of chloroplasts
- B.
B. comprise the Golgi apparatus
- C.
C. are similar to lysosomes
- D.
D. are part endoplasmic reticulum
- E.
E. are present in prokaryotic cells
- F.
F. are found in eukaryotic cells
- G.
G. are part of the endomembrane system in the cytoplasm
- H.
H. are stacks of flat, membrane bounded cisternae
- 23.25. Nucleolus:
- A.
A. is in the cytoplasm and consists of the RNA and proteins
- B.
B. is in the nucleus and consists of the DNA and proteins
- C.
C. is a permanent structure of the nucleus
- D.
D. is made up of rRNA and proteins
- E.
E. is a region where rRNA synthesis occurs
- F.
F. is a structure which disappears during the cell division
- G.
G. has a nucleolar envelope
- H.
H. is localized into the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells
- 24.22. Golgi apparatus:
- A.
A. is responsible for transporting, modifying, and packaging of proteins
- B.
B. is responsible for transporting, modifying, and packaging lipids into vesicles for delivery to targeted destinations
- C.
C. is important for lysosome formation
- D.
D. is important for formation of secretory vesicles
- E.
E. is located in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells
- F.
F. acts as storage compartment for nutrients and wastes of the cell
- G.
G. is responsible for cell oxidations
- H.
H. is made up of approximately four to eight cisternae
- 25.26. Nucleus of eukaryotic cells:
- A.
A. contains chromatin
- B.
B. contains centriole
- C.
C. is the control centre of the cell
- D.
D. contains the majority of the cell’s genetic material
- E.
E. has nuclear envelope made of one biomembrane only
- F.
F. is present in all cells of our body
- G.
G. is a submicroscopic structure
- H.
H. occurs in all eukaryotic cells except some highly specialised ones
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