Alkem Pharma-online Quiz-all India-jul'18

The correct answer is Orange because the question is asking for the flavor of Clavpod DS, and out of the given options (Orange, Mango, Mint, Lemon), Orange is the correct flavor.

Otitis media refers to an infection in the middle ear. This condition occurs when the middle ear becomes inflamed and infected, usually due to bacteria or viruses spreading from the nose or throat. Symptoms of otitis media include ear pain, fluid buildup in the ear, hearing loss, and sometimes fever. It is a common condition, especially in children, and can be treated with antibiotics or other medications.

Cefpodoxime + Clavulanic is the antibiotic that has less gastrointestinal (GI) adverse side effects compared to Co-amoxyclav. This combination medication contains cefpodoxime, which is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, and clavulanic acid, which is a beta-lactamase inhibitor. The addition of clavulanic acid helps to enhance the effectiveness of cefpodoxime and reduces the likelihood of developing GI side effects. Co-amoxyclav, on the other hand, is a combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, and amoxicillin is known to have a higher incidence of GI side effects.

The correct answer is Mixed fruit. This is because Indikof LS is a product that likely comes in different flavors, and out of the given options, Mixed fruit is the most suitable flavor for a product like Indikof LS.

Pneumonia refers to an infection in the lungs. It is a condition where the air sacs in the lungs become inflamed and filled with fluid, leading to symptoms such as cough, fever, and difficulty breathing. This infection is typically caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Treatment for pneumonia usually involves antibiotics, rest, and supportive care to help alleviate symptoms and promote recovery.

The USP (Unique Selling Proposition) of Zithium is that it offers all of the mentioned features, which include silver shield packing, four times thicker packing, and suspension available in Mint flavor. This means that Zithium stands out from its competitors by providing multiple unique features that cater to different customer preferences and needs.

The recommended dosage of Azithromycin in Paediatric is 10mg/kg/day. This means that for every kilogram of body weight, the child should be given 10mg of Azithromycin per day. This dosage is commonly used to treat various infections in children, such as respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and ear infections. It is important to follow the recommended dosage to ensure the effectiveness of the medication and to minimize the risk of side effects.

Bronchitis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation in the bronchi, which are the air passages in the lungs. This inflammation can cause symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, and difficulty breathing. Therefore, the correct answer is "Inflammation in Bronchi."

The statement is true because Clavpod has a lower MIC90 (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration for 90% of the organisms) against H influenzae compared to Co amoxyclav. This means that Clavpod is more effective in inhibiting the growth of H influenzae bacteria at a lower concentration compared to Co amoxyclav.

Salmonella typhi is the pathogen that causes enteric fever. Enteric fever, also known as typhoid fever, is a bacterial infection caused by Salmonella typhi. This pathogen is transmitted through contaminated food and water, and it primarily affects the gastrointestinal system. Symptoms of enteric fever include high fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and headache. Proper sanitation and hygiene practices, as well as vaccination, are important in preventing the spread of Salmonella typhi and reducing the incidence of enteric fever.

Cefpodoxime proxetil inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis. This means that it prevents the bacteria from building and repairing their cell walls, which are essential for their survival and protection. By inhibiting this process, cefpodoxime proxetil weakens the bacterial cell walls, making them more susceptible to damage and ultimately leading to their death.

Levosalbutamol is a bronchodilator. Bronchodilators are medications that relax the muscles in the airways, allowing the airways to open up and making it easier to breathe. Levosalbutamol specifically targets the smooth muscles of the bronchi and bronchioles, which are the small airways in the lungs. By relaxing these muscles, levosalbutamol helps to relieve symptoms of conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), where the airways become narrowed and constricted.

Parietal cells in the stomach secrete hydrochloric acid (HCL). This acid plays a crucial role in the digestion process by breaking down food and killing bacteria. Parietal cells also secrete intrinsic factor, which is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12. Chief cells, on the other hand, secrete pepsinogen, an inactive enzyme that is later activated by HCL to digest proteins. G cells are responsible for producing the hormone gastrin, which stimulates the release of HCL from the parietal cells.

Ambroxol is a medication commonly used as a mucolytic agent. Mucolytic agents help to break down and thin mucus in the airways, making it easier to cough up and clear the respiratory system. This can be beneficial for individuals with respiratory conditions such as bronchitis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), as it helps to alleviate congestion and improve breathing.

Aceclofenac is a medication that belongs to the class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). It is known to selectively inhibit the enzyme Cox-2, which is responsible for the production of prostaglandins that cause inflammation and pain. By inhibiting Cox-2, Aceclofenac reduces inflammation and pain in the body. Therefore, it acts as a preferential Cox-2 inhibitor.

Azithromycin is a type of antibiotic that belongs to the macrolide class. It works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. This means that it prevents bacteria from producing essential proteins needed for their growth and survival. By interfering with protein synthesis, azithromycin effectively stops the bacteria from multiplying and spreading, allowing the immune system to eliminate the infection.

The correct answer is Alcipro 500mg BID for 10 days. This is the appropriate dose for treating Enteric fever.

The USP (Unique Selling Proposition) of Ronflox OZ is that it offers coverage of various types of bacteria (Gm + Ve, Gm-ne, anaerobes) and protozoa. Additionally, the tablet size is smaller compared to other brands, making it easier to consume. Moreover, the syrup is available in a delicious orange flavor, enhancing the taste and making it more appealing to consumers. Therefore, the correct answer is "All of the above."

Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that inhibits both topoisomerase and DNA gyrase. These enzymes are essential for the replication and repair of bacterial DNA. By inhibiting these enzymes, ciprofloxacin prevents the bacteria from properly replicating their DNA and ultimately leads to their death. This mode of action makes ciprofloxacin effective against a wide range of bacterial infections.

Guaiphenesin in Indikof LS is classified as a mucokinetic agent. Mucokinetic agents help to thin and loosen mucus in the respiratory tract, making it easier to cough up and clear the airways. This can be beneficial for individuals with conditions such as bronchitis, asthma, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who may have excess mucus production and difficulty in clearing their airways. Mucokinetic agents like guaiphenesin work by increasing the volume and reducing the viscosity of mucus, allowing it to be expelled more easily.