Taxonomy Of Angiosperms: Classification Systems Quiz

The correct answer is "Angiosperm Phylogeny Group". The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group is a group of plant scientists that work together to develop and update the classification system for flowering plants (angiosperms). They study the evolutionary relationships and genetic diversity among angiosperms to create a phylogenetic tree that represents their evolutionary history. This classification system is widely used in the field of botany to understand the relationships between different plant species.

Theophrastus is considered as the father of botany because he was one of the first Greek philosophers to extensively study and document plants. He wrote a book called "Enquiry into Plants" which classified and described over 500 different types of plants. His work laid the foundation for the scientific study of plants and greatly influenced future botanists and scientists in their understanding of plant life.

Bentham and Hooker published their work in three volumes. This means that their work was extensive and required multiple volumes to contain all the information they wanted to present. Publishing in three volumes suggests that the subject matter was complex and required a comprehensive treatment.

The statement is stating that naming informal groups according to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICBN) is a disadvantage of the APG classification system. This means that the APG classification system does not adhere to the naming conventions set by the ICBN. Therefore, the correct answer is true.

According to the APG IV classification system, monocots are recognized as a monophyletic group. This means that they share a common ancestor and include all of its descendants. Monocots, or monocotyledons, are a type of flowering plant characterized by having one cotyledon (seed leaf), parallel veined leaves, and flower parts in multiples of three. The recognition of monocots as a monophyletic group is based on extensive research and analysis of their evolutionary relationships and genetic similarities. Therefore, the statement "True" is correct.

Bentham and Hooker placed gymnosperms in between dicots and monocots because they observed that gymnosperms share some characteristics with dicots, such as the presence of vascular tissue and seeds, but also share some characteristics with monocots, such as the absence of true flowers and the presence of naked seeds. This placement reflects the evolutionary relationships and similarities between these plant groups.

APG (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group) uses all of the mentioned genes (atpB, rbcL, and 18S rDNA) for molecular studies. These genes are commonly used in phylogenetic analyses to investigate the evolutionary relationships among angiosperms. The atpB gene encodes a subunit of ATP synthase, the rbcL gene encodes the large subunit of the enzyme Rubisco, and the 18S rDNA gene is a component of the ribosomal RNA. By studying these genes, APG can gain insights into the evolutionary history and classification of angiosperms.

A. P. de Candolle is credited with introducing the term Taxonomy.

There are four versions of the APG classification system available.

Armen Takhtajan was an international authority on Phytogeography, the study of the distribution of plants, and the origin and phylogeny of flowering plants. He made significant contributions to the field and his expertise was recognized globally.

The correct answer is "All of the above" because Pre-Darwinian classification systems included systems based on habit, sexual systems, and systems based on form-relationship. These different types of classification systems were used to categorize and organize organisms before Charles Darwin's theory of evolution was widely accepted.

In the Bentham and Hooker classification system, the term "cohort" is used to refer to a group of related plant families. Therefore, the correct answer in this context is "order" because an order consists of multiple families.

The correct answer is 2003 because the question asks for the year in which APG II was published, and out of the given options, 2003 is the only year mentioned.

Dioscorides gave information about 600 plants in "Materia Medica".

In the APGC system, the term "clade" is used more freely above or parallel to the level of orders and families. A clade refers to a group of organisms that includes an ancestor and all of its descendants. It represents a branch on the evolutionary tree and is based on shared characteristics and common ancestry. In this system, the term "clade" is used to describe groups of organisms that are more inclusive than orders and families, allowing for a broader classification of species.

The correct answer is 374000. This number represents the approximate count of currently known, described, and accepted plant species. It indicates the vast diversity of plant life on Earth, with thousands of different species identified and cataloged by scientists.

Theophrastus classified plants based on his observation in the garden of Lyceum in Athens.

Rolf Dahlgren's wife continued his work after his death.

Hutchinson's classification is based on 24 principles.

The question is asking which person closely approached the system proposed by Dahlgren. Based on the given options, Robert Throne is the correct answer.

Takhtajan is the correct answer because he merged the plant families Asclepiadaceae and Apocynaceae based on molecular analysis. The merging of these two families was supported by genetic studies, which showed that they are closely related and share common characteristics. This reclassification was a significant contribution to the field of plant taxonomy and helped to improve our understanding of the evolutionary relationships between different plant species.

The given question asks about the category under which the ANA grade comes. The correct answer is "Early angiosperms." This suggests that the ANA grade is a classification or category within the group of early angiosperms.

The APG (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group) classification system does not follow the traditional division of angiosperms. Unlike the Cronquist and Takhtajan systems, which classify angiosperms based on morphological characteristics, the APG system uses molecular data to determine the relationships between different groups of angiosperms. This approach allows for a more accurate and comprehensive classification, as it takes into account the evolutionary history and genetic similarities of angiosperms. Therefore, the APG system does not adhere to the traditional division of angiosperms.

Andraea Caesalpino is the correct answer because he was the first Italian botanist to propose plant classification based on morphology. Caesalpino's work in the late 16th century laid the foundation for the modern system of plant classification. He emphasized the importance of observing and categorizing plant structures, such as leaves, flowers, and fruits, in order to understand their relationships and organize them into groups. His classification system was influential and paved the way for later botanists, including Carl Linnaeus, to further develop and refine the field of plant taxonomy.

Takhtajan named flowering plants as Magnoliophyta. This is the correct answer because Magnoliophyta is the scientific name for the division of plants commonly known as angiosperms or flowering plants. This division includes all plants that produce flowers and fruits, and it is one of the major groups of plants in the plant kingdom.