Mitosis Quiz - Davidson

During mitosis, the correct order of phases is prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. In prophase, the chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, the nuclear membrane breaks down, and the spindle fibers start to form. In metaphase, the chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell and attach to the spindle fibers. In anaphase, the sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. Finally, in telophase, the chromosomes reach the poles, the spindle fibers disassemble, and the nuclear membrane reforms around each set of chromosomes. Therefore, option C is the correct order of mitotic phases.

During metaphase, the chromatid pairs line up in the center of the cell. This phase occurs after prophase, where the chromosomes condense, and before anaphase, where the chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. In metaphase, the spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of the chromatids, aligning them along the equator of the cell. This alignment ensures that each daughter cell receives an equal number of chromosomes during cell division.

During interphase of the cell cycle, cell growth occurs, which involves an increase in size and volume of the cell. Additionally, new organelles are produced to support the functions of the cell. DNA replication takes place during interphase, where the cell's genetic material is duplicated in preparation for cell division. These events are crucial for the cell to ensure that it is ready for the next phase of the cell cycle.

Centrioles are organelles found in animal cells that play a role in cell division, specifically in the formation of the spindle fibers that separate the chromosomes during mitosis. Plant cells do not have centrioles, as they use a different mechanism for cell division. Therefore, the statement that animal cells have centrioles and plant cells do not is true.

The statement "A cell in interphase is sometimes said to be resting" is misleading because interphase cells are not actually at rest. During interphase, cells are actively synthesizing RNA, proteins, and growing in size. This is a crucial period in the cell cycle where various cellular processes are occurring in preparation for cell division. Therefore, the term "resting" is not accurate to describe interphase cells.

During metaphase, sister chromatids line up along the center of the dividing cell. This is the stage where the spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of the sister chromatids and align them along the metaphase plate, which is equidistant between the two poles of the cell. This alignment ensures that each daughter cell will receive an equal number of chromosomes during cell division.

Based on the information provided, the cell on slide 1 can be identified as a plant cell. The presence of chlorophyll and cell wall are characteristic features of plant cells. Additionally, the rectangular shape is also commonly observed in plant cells. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Plant.

Microtubules are referred to as spindle fibers because they are responsible for forming the spindle apparatus during cell division. The spindle apparatus helps in the separation of chromosomes by attaching to the centromeres and pulling them apart. Microtubules form the structural framework of the spindle apparatus and aid in the movement of chromosomes, ensuring their proper distribution to the daughter cells. Therefore, option D is the correct answer as it accurately describes the role of microtubules during cell division.

Centrioles are not found in plant cells. They are only present in animal cells and are involved in cell division. Plant cells have other structures that perform similar functions, such as microtubule organizing centers, but they do not have centrioles specifically.

During interphase, the cell prepares for cell division by growing, replicating its DNA, and carrying out normal cellular functions. This phase is the longest and most active part of the cell cycle. The remaining phases, including mitosis and cytokinesis, are relatively short in comparison. Therefore, approximately 85% of the cell cycle is spent in interphase.

Centrioles are cylindrical structures that play a crucial role in cell division. They are found in animal cells but are absent in plant cells. Centrioles are involved in the formation of spindle fibers during cell division, which help in the separation of chromosomes. Plant cells do not require centrioles for cell division as they have a different mechanism for organizing their chromosomes. Therefore, the correct answer is C. centrioles.

Mitosis is the correct answer because it is the process by which new somatic cells are formed in the human body. During mitosis, a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. This process is responsible for growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues. Meiosis, on the other hand, is the process of cell division that produces gametes (sperm and eggs) for sexual reproduction. Aerobic and anaerobic respiration are metabolic processes that generate energy in cells, but they are not directly involved in the formation of new somatic cells.

Each human cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes. One chromosome in each pair is inherited from the mother, and the other is inherited from the father. These chromosomes carry the genetic information that determines various traits and characteristics of an individual.

Mitosis is the process of cell division, specifically the division of a cell's nucleus. It produces two new identical nuclei that are identical to the original nucleus. Mitosis is also how cells divide to allow growth and replace worn out or damaged cells. Therefore, the correct answer is D, all of the above.

Mitosis is the process responsible for maintaining the chromosome number during asexual reproduction. During mitosis, a cell divides into two identical daughter cells, each containing the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. This ensures that the chromosome number remains constant and that the genetic information is accurately passed on to the offspring.

During cytokinesis in plant cells, the cytoplasm is divided by a structure called the cell plate. The cell plate forms in the middle of the dividing cell and gradually develops into a new cell wall, separating the two daughter cells. This process is unique to plant cells and is necessary for the formation of new cell walls, allowing the cells to separate and function independently.

Microtubules and microfilaments make up the cytoskeleton in both plant and animal cells. The cytoskeleton provides structural support to the cell and is involved in cell movement, cell division, and maintaining cell shape. Microtubules are hollow, tubular structures made up of the protein tubulin, while microfilaments are solid, thread-like structures made up of the protein actin. Both microtubules and microfilaments are involved in various cellular processes and play important roles in maintaining the overall structure and function of the cell.

Mitosis is important for asexual reproduction because it ensures that the chromosome number remains constant. During mitosis, the parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells, each containing the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. This allows for the genetic information to be passed on to the offspring without any changes in the chromosome number. By maintaining the same chromosome number, mitosis helps to preserve the genetic integrity and stability of the species during asexual reproduction.

When a cell can no longer take in nutrients, oxygen, and other materials fast enough to meet its needs, it will most likely undergo mitosis. Mitosis is the process by which a cell divides into two identical daughter cells, allowing for growth and repair of tissues. This division ensures that each daughter cell receives a copy of the genetic material and essential organelles, allowing them to continue functioning and meeting their needs.

The animal cell centriole is a ring of 9 groups of microtubules. Centrioles are small cylindrical structures found in animal cells that play a crucial role in cell division. They are composed of nine sets of microtubule triplets arranged in a ring-like structure. These microtubules help in organizing the spindle fibers during cell division, ensuring the proper separation of chromosomes.

During prophase, centrioles move to opposite ends of animal cells. This is a crucial step in cell division, as the centrioles play a role in forming the spindle fibers that help separate the chromosomes during mitosis. By moving to opposite ends of the cell, the centrioles ensure that the spindle fibers can attach to the chromosomes and properly align them for division. This movement of centrioles is necessary for the successful separation of genetic material and the formation of two daughter cells.

During the mitotic phase of the cell cycle, the nucleus of the cell divides. This process is known as mitosis, where the replicated DNA is separated into two identical sets, forming two daughter nuclei. This is a crucial step in cell division, as it ensures that each daughter cell receives the correct amount of genetic material. The other options mentioned, such as cell growth, DNA replication, and cytoplasm division, occur in different phases of the cell cycle, but not specifically during the mitotic phase.