Medication Review Test: Trivia Quiz

Oxygen is a common gas found in the atmosphere that is used to treat hypoxia, a condition characterized by low levels of oxygen in the body. Carbon dioxide and nitrogen are also present in the atmosphere, but they are not typically used for treating hypoxia. Medical air, on the other hand, is a mixture of gases that contains a higher concentration of oxygen than regular air and is commonly used in medical settings to treat hypoxia.

The correct answer is "Right patient, right medication, right dose, and right route". These four Rs are essential to ensure the safe and effective administration of medications. The right patient ensures that the medication is given to the intended recipient. The right medication ensures that the correct drug is being administered. The right dose ensures that the appropriate amount of medication is given. The right route ensures that the medication is administered through the correct method, such as oral, intravenous, or topical. By checking these four Rs, healthcare professionals can help prevent medication errors and ensure patient safety.

The given correct answer for this question is "contraindications". This means that administering oral glucose should not be done in certain situations, such as when the patient has an unprotected airway, decreased level of consciousness, or unclear hypoglycemia vs stroke. These situations are considered contraindications because they pose risks or potential harm to the patient if oral glucose is given.

The correct answer is "All of the above." This means that all the options listed (allergy to aspirin or anti-inflammatories, inability to swallow, and having already taken the maximum recommended dose prior to arrival) are contraindications for using aspirin. In other words, if a patient has any of these conditions, it is not recommended to administer aspirin to them.

Activated charcoal is a powder made from charred wood that is commonly used to treat poisoning or overdose. It works by binding to toxins and chemicals in the stomach and intestines, preventing them from being absorbed into the bloodstream. This helps to reduce the effects of poisoning and can be a life-saving treatment in certain situations. Activated charcoal is often administered in emergency departments or by poison control centers. It is important to note that activated charcoal should only be used under medical supervision and as directed by a healthcare professional.

Albuterol is a sympathomimetic bronchodilator that is commonly used in the treatment of asthma and emphysema/COPD. It works by stimulating the beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the lungs, causing smooth muscle relaxation and dilation of the airways. This helps to relieve bronchospasm and improve airflow in the lungs, making it easier for individuals with respiratory conditions to breathe. Albuterol is available in various forms, including inhalers and nebulizer solutions, and is considered a first-line treatment for acute and chronic bronchospasm. It is a well-established and widely used medication for managing respiratory symptoms.

An intramuscular injection is typically administered in the upper arm (deltoid) or the lateral thigh. These areas have large muscles that can easily absorb the medication. The stomach is not a recommended site for intramuscular injections as it does not have enough muscle mass. Therefore, the correct answer is A and C.

The correct answer is "Any action of a drug other than the desired action". This means that a side effect refers to any unintended or undesired effect that occurs as a result of taking a drug. These effects can range from mild discomfort to severe complications and may vary from person to person. It is important to be aware of potential side effects when taking medication, as they can impact the overall effectiveness and safety of the treatment.

Narcan is a brand name for naloxone, which is an opioid antagonist used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose. Narcan is a nasal spray formulation of naloxone that can quickly and effectively reverse the respiratory depression caused by opioids. Therefore, the correct generic name for Narcan is naloxone.

Epinephrine is commonly used in the treatment of anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction. The concentration of Epinephrine used at OA for anaphylaxis is 1:1000. This means that there is 1 gram of Epinephrine in 1000 milliliters of solution. This concentration is typically administered via intramuscular injection to quickly counteract the symptoms of anaphylaxis, such as difficulty breathing, swelling, and low blood pressure.

The correct answer is 81mg. This is the standard low dose of aspirin commonly recommended for various health conditions, including preventing heart attacks and strokes. It is often prescribed to individuals at risk of cardiovascular diseases or those who have had a previous heart attack or stroke. The lower dose helps to reduce the risk of side effects while still providing the desired therapeutic benefits.

The correct answer is "all of the above". This means that all of the listed indications are reasons to administer nitroglycerin. Nitroglycerin is used in cases of hypotension or low blood pressure, head injury, pediatric patients, and when the patient has already taken the maximum dose or other medications like Cialis, Levitra, or Viagra within the last 24 hours.

The correct answer is 0.5mg ampule because Atrovent dosage typically ranges from 0.5mg to 2.5mg, and the 0.5mg ampule falls within this range.

Epinephrine is given subcutaneously when treating for anaphylaxis. Subcutaneous administration involves injecting the medication into the fatty tissue layer just below the skin. This route allows for the slow and sustained absorption of the medication into the bloodstream, providing a longer-lasting effect. Subcutaneous administration is commonly used for medications that need to be absorbed gradually and steadily over time.

Narcan is administered intravenously (IV) and the recommended dose is 0.4mg. This dosage is based on the specific needs of the patient and the severity of their condition. It is important to administer the correct dose to effectively reverse the effects of opioid overdose. The other options, 0.7mg, 0.25mg, and 1.2mg, are not the recommended doses for Narcan administration.

The correct answer is 6. This implies that 6 liters of Oxygen is to be used with albuterol nebulizer.

Dextrose, a form of glucose, is a sugar that is commonly used in medical settings to treat low blood sugar levels. However, if it is administered incorrectly or in excessive amounts, it can cause necrosis (cell death) and infiltration (spread) of tissues. This can lead to serious complications and damage to the affected area. Therefore, necrosis and infiltration of tissues is a dangerous complication associated with Dextrose.

The adult dose for glucagon is typically 1mg, given intramuscularly. However, depending on the specific situation and the individual's response, the dose may vary. In some cases, a higher dose of 5mg may be necessary, while in others, a lower dose of 0.4mg or 2.3mg may be sufficient. It is important to administer glucagon intramuscularly rather than subcutaneously, as subcutaneous administration can delay the onset of its effects.

The correct answer is 0.5-1gram/kg IV = 1-2 ampules D50. This means that for an adult, the recommended dosage of Dextrose is 0.5-1 gram per kilogram of body weight when administered intravenously. This dosage is equivalent to 1-2 ampules of D50, which is a solution containing 50% dextrose.

The Epi Pen Jr is recommended for children weighing less than 44 lbs. This weight limit ensures that the correct dosage of epinephrine is administered to effectively treat an allergic reaction. Children weighing more than 44 lbs may require a higher dose of epinephrine, which is available in the regular Epi Pen.

The correct answer is to mark the Deltoid, Ventral Gluteal, Vastus Lateralis, and Gluteus Medius. These are all common sites for intramuscular (IM) injections. The deltoid muscle is located in the upper arm, the ventral gluteal is in the hip area, the vastus lateralis is in the thigh, and the gluteus medius is in the buttocks. These sites are chosen for IM injections because they have a good blood supply and are relatively easy to access.

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