Exam On Medical Terminology: Quiz!

The prefix "hypo" means "below" or "less than normal." It is commonly used in medical terms to indicate a deficiency or a lower than normal level of something. In this context, "hypo" is the correct answer as it matches the meaning of "below" or "less than normal," which is the common usage of this prefix.

Dermatitis refers to the inflammation of the skin. It is a common condition that can be caused by various factors such as allergies, irritants, or underlying medical conditions. Symptoms of dermatitis include redness, itching, swelling, and rash on the affected area of the skin. Treatment usually involves avoiding triggers, using topical creams or ointments, and practicing good skincare habits.

Meningitis refers to the inflammation of the meninges, which are the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. This condition is typically caused by an infection, such as a virus or bacteria, and can lead to symptoms such as fever, headache, stiff neck, and sensitivity to light. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications and potential long-term damage.

The term "intercostal" refers to the space between the ribs. This can be a clue to understanding the correct answer for this question. Out of the given options, "intercostal" is the only term that is directly related to the space between the ribs. Tendonitis refers to inflammation of a tendon, abduction refers to movement away from the midline of the body, arthroscopy is a surgical procedure to visualize and treat joint problems, and hydrocephalic relates to an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain. Therefore, "intercostal" is the most appropriate answer in this context.

Bradycardia refers to a slow heart rate, usually defined as less than 60 beats per minute. It can be caused by various factors such as certain medications, heart disease, electrolyte imbalances, and hypothyroidism. Staphylococci are bacteria that can cause infections, but they are not directly related to heart rate. Dyspepsia refers to indigestion or discomfort in the upper abdomen, which is also unrelated to heart rate. Therefore, the correct answer for the given question is bradycardia, as it is the only option that directly relates to a slow heart rate.

Angioplasty is the correct answer because it is a medical procedure used to repair blood vessels that have become narrowed or blocked due to conditions like arteriosclerosis or thrombosis. It involves the insertion of a small balloon into the affected artery, which is then inflated to widen the vessel and improve blood flow. Angioplasty is commonly used to treat neurofibromas, which are benign tumors that can develop on nerves but do not directly affect blood vessels.

Neuropathy refers to any disease or dysfunction of the nerves. It can be caused by various factors such as diabetes, infections, trauma, or genetic disorders. Symptoms of neuropathy may include numbness, tingling, weakness, and pain in the affected areas. Treatment options for neuropathy depend on the underlying cause and may involve medications, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes.

The correct answer is pharmacology. Pharmacology is the study of drugs and their effects on the body. It involves understanding how drugs interact with the body, their mechanisms of action, and their therapeutic uses. In the context of drug therapy, pharmacology plays a crucial role in determining the appropriate drugs to use for a specific diagnosis. It helps healthcare professionals understand the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs, ensuring safe and effective treatment for patients.

Cyanoderma refers to the blueness of the skin, which is caused by a lack of oxygen in the blood. This condition can occur due to various reasons such as respiratory or cardiovascular problems. Sonography and echocardiogram are medical imaging techniques used to visualize internal organs and structures, while acroparalysis is a term that does not relate to the given symptom. Therefore, cyanoderma is the correct answer as it directly corresponds to the blueness of the skin.

Erthrocyte is the correct answer because it is another term for red blood cell. Dermatitis refers to inflammation of the skin, thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by low platelet count, and megalomania is a psychological disorder characterized by delusions of grandeur.

The term "cerebrospinal" refers to the brain and spinal cord. It is a compound word made up of "cerebro," which relates to the brain, and "spinal," which relates to the spinal cord. This term is commonly used in medical contexts to describe conditions or procedures that involve both the brain and spinal cord.

Hydrocephalic is the correct answer because it is the only term related to "water on the brain." Hydrocephalic refers to a condition where there is an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, leading to an enlarged head and potential brain damage. The other terms, tendonitis, abduction, arthroscopy, and intercostal, do not pertain to water on the brain and are unrelated medical conditions or procedures.

Tendonitis is the correct answer because it refers to the inflammation of the cord that connects muscle to bone, known as a tendon. This condition typically occurs due to overuse or repetitive strain on the tendon, leading to pain, swelling, and difficulty in moving the affected joint. Treatment options for tendonitis include rest, physical therapy, medication, and in severe cases, surgery.

Dyspepsia refers to difficulty with digestion, which aligns with the given question prompt. Staphylococci are bacteria that can cause infections, while bradycardia refers to a slow heart rate. Neither of these options directly relate to digestion, making dyspepsia the correct answer.

IV solutions are isotonic compared to blood cells. Isotonic refers to a solution that has the same concentration of solutes as another solution. In this context, it means that IV solutions have the same concentration of solutes as blood cells. This is important because it ensures that the IV solution will not cause any disruption or damage to the blood cells when administered into the bloodstream. It allows for the IV solution to be compatible with the body's fluids and maintain the balance of electrolytes and other substances.

Staphylococci are bacteria that grow in clusters. They are spherical in shape and are commonly found on the skin and mucous membranes of humans. Staphylococci can cause a variety of infections, ranging from minor skin infections to more severe infections such as pneumonia and bloodstream infections. The term "cocci" refers to bacteria that are spherical in shape, and the fact that staphylococci grow in clusters distinguishes them from other types of cocci that may grow in chains or pairs.

A neurofibroma is a tumor that develops in the fibrous tissue and nerves. It is a benign tumor that arises from the cells that surround the nerves. Neurofibromas can occur anywhere in the body and are commonly associated with neurofibromatosis, a genetic disorder. The other options, angioplasty, arteriosclerosis, and thrombosis, do not involve the development of tumors in the fiber and nerve tissues.

Arteriosclerosis refers to the hardening of arteries, which occurs due to the buildup of plaque on the arterial walls. This condition leads to the narrowing and stiffening of arteries, reducing blood flow and increasing the risk of various cardiovascular diseases. Neurofibroma is a benign tumor that affects nerve tissue, and angioplasty is a medical procedure used to widen narrowed or blocked arteries. Thrombosis, on the other hand, refers to the formation of a blood clot within a blood vessel. Therefore, arteriosclerosis is the correct answer as it specifically relates to the hardening of arteries.

The term "bid" is a medical abbreviation that stands for "bis in die" in Latin, which translates to "twice a day" in English. This means that the medication or treatment should be taken or administered two times within a 24-hour period.

Megalomania refers to an overenlarged opinion of oneself, often accompanied by delusions of grandeur and an excessive desire for power or control. This term is unrelated to the other options listed, which are medical conditions. Dermatitis is a skin inflammation, erythrocyte refers to red blood cells, and thrombocytopenia is a low platelet count. Therefore, megalomania is the correct answer as it is the only option that fits the given description.

An electroencephalograph (EEG) is a medical instrument used to record the electrical activity of the brain. It is a non-invasive procedure that involves placing electrodes on the scalp to measure the electrical signals produced by the brain. These signals can help diagnose various brain disorders, such as epilepsy, sleep disorders, and brain tumors. The other options mentioned in the question (sarcoma, lipoma, cerebrospinal, meningitis) are not instruments for recording brain function, but rather medical conditions or substances related to the brain.

Thrombosis is the correct answer because it refers to the condition of blood clots. Neurofibroma is a benign tumor that affects nerve tissue, angioplasty is a medical procedure to widen narrowed or blocked blood vessels, and arteriosclerosis is the hardening and narrowing of the arteries. None of these options directly relate to blood clots, making thrombosis the only appropriate answer.

Diplopia/ambiopia refers to the medical condition of double vision. It is a visual disturbance in which a person sees two images of a single object. This condition can be caused by various factors, including neuropathy, which refers to damage or dysfunction of the nerves. The other options, ambidextrous, psychomotor, and psychotropic, are unrelated to double vision and do not provide an explanation for the correct answer.

Psychomotor refers to the mental processes that are involved in coordinating and controlling movement. It encompasses the cognitive and motor aspects of movement, including planning, executing, and monitoring actions. Therefore, psychomotor is the most appropriate term in the given list that describes the mental processes responsible for movement.

Dialysis/hemodialysis is the correct answer because filtering blood through a membrane is a process used in dialysis, specifically hemodialysis. Hemodialysis is a medical procedure that uses an artificial kidney (membrane) to filter waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood in patients with kidney failure or impaired kidney function. This process helps to maintain the balance of electrolytes and remove harmful substances from the body.

The given prefixes "ex," "sub," "megaly," and "hyper" are all used to modify or enhance the meaning of a word. However, the prefix "hyper" specifically means "above or beyond normal." Therefore, it is the correct answer as it best fits the given options.

Sonography is the correct answer because it is the process of obtaining an image from reflected sound. It is a medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of organs, tissues, and blood flow inside the body. This technique is commonly used in obstetrics to monitor the development of a fetus, as well as in diagnosing and monitoring various medical conditions.

Abduction refers to the movement of a body part away from the midline of the body. In this context, it means moving a body part away from the body. Tenonitis is the inflammation of a tendon, arthroscopy is a surgical procedure to visualize and treat the inside of a joint, hydrocephalic refers to a condition where there is an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, and intercostal refers to the muscles between the ribs. Therefore, the correct answer is abduction, which specifically describes the movement away from the body.

Excretion refers to the process of eliminating waste materials from the body. It involves the removal of metabolic waste products, such as carbon dioxide, urea, and excess water, through various organs and systems, including the lungs, kidneys, and skin. This process is essential for maintaining homeostasis and preventing the buildup of harmful substances in the body.

The word root "micro" is the correct answer because it means small. It is commonly used in words such as microscope and microwave to indicate something that is very small in size or scale. The other options, "incro," "macro," and "hypo," do not have the same meaning as small and are not commonly used as word roots to indicate smallness.

Acroparalysis is the most appropriate answer because it refers to the paralysis of the extremities, which matches the given symptom. Cyanoderma refers to the bluish discoloration of the skin, sonography is a medical imaging technique, and echocardiogram is a test that uses sound waves to create images of the heart. None of these options specifically relate to paralysis of the extremities.

A connective tissue tumor refers to a tumor that arises from the cells of the connective tissue. Sarcoma is a type of connective tissue tumor that develops from mesenchymal cells, such as bone, muscle, or fat cells. Lipoma, on the other hand, is a benign tumor composed of fat cells and is not considered a sarcoma. Electroencephalagraph and cerebrospinal are not related to connective tissue tumors, as they refer to a medical test and a fluid, respectively. Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes around the brain and spinal cord, and is not a connective tissue tumor.

Circumcision refers to the process of cutting around, usually the foreskin, for removal. This is a common medical procedure that is often performed for cultural, religious, or health reasons. It involves the surgical removal of the foreskin from the penis. The term "circumcision" is derived from the Latin word "circumcisio" which means "to cut around". It is important to note that circumcision is a controversial topic with varying opinions and practices across different cultures and societies.

Thrombocytopenia refers to a decrease in the number of platelets in the blood. Platelets are important for blood clotting, so a decrease in their number can lead to difficulties in clotting and an increased risk of bleeding. Dermatitis is a skin inflammation, erythrocytes are red blood cells, and megalomania is a psychological disorder characterized by delusions of grandeur. These options are not related to a decrease in platelets and do not explain the given correct answer.

A fatty tumor, also known as a lipoma, is a benign growth composed of fat cells. It is a non-cancerous tumor that can occur anywhere in the body where fat cells are present. Lipomas are typically soft, movable, and painless. They are usually harmless and do not require treatment unless they cause discomfort or affect the function of nearby structures. Therefore, lipoma is the correct answer as it accurately represents a fatty tumor.

Arthroscopy is the correct answer because it is a medical procedure that involves looking into a joint using a small camera called an arthroscope. It is commonly used to diagnose and treat various joint conditions, such as tendonitis and intercostal joint issues. The other terms listed, such as tendonitis, abduction, and intercostal, are related to joint health but do not specifically refer to the process of looking into a joint. Hydrocephalic is unrelated to joint health and does not fit the context of the question.

The combining form "thermo" is the correct answer because it refers to heat. It is commonly used in words related to temperature and heat energy, such as thermometer, thermostat, and thermal. The other options, tempero, thermal, and fahrenheit, are not combining forms specifically related to heat.

A narcotic is a drug that produces sleep. It has sedative effects on the central nervous system, causing drowsiness and inducing sleep. Narcotics are often used as pain relievers or for anesthesia during surgery. They work by binding to opioid receptors in the brain, reducing the perception of pain and promoting relaxation. Therefore, the correct answer for the given question is "narcotic."

The suffix "pathy" is commonly used in medical terminology to indicate a disease condition or disorder. It is derived from the Greek word "pathos," meaning suffering or disease. By adding this suffix to a word root, it signifies a pathological condition or abnormality. For example, "neuropathy" refers to a disease or dysfunction of the nerves. Therefore, "pathy" is the correct suffix for disease condition.

The adjectival form for "side" is "lateral." This term refers to something that is situated on or pertaining to the side. In this context, "anterial," "doresal," and "laterial" are not valid adjectival forms for "side."

An echocardiogram is a medical test that uses sound waves to create a detailed picture of the heart. It is a non-invasive procedure that allows doctors to assess the structure and function of the heart by visualizing the movement of blood, valves, and chambers. This technique is commonly used to diagnose and monitor various heart conditions such as heart murmurs, valve abnormalities, and heart failure. The other options, cyanoderma, sonography, and acroparalysis, are unrelated terms and do not involve the imaging of the heart.

Psychotropic drugs refer to substances that affect the mind or behavior, altering one's perception, mood, cognition, or consciousness. These drugs can include hallucinogens, sedatives, stimulants, and antidepressants, among others. The term "psychotropic" is derived from the words "psycho" (related to the mind) and "tropic" (meaning to turn or change). Therefore, psychotropic drugs are substances that have the ability to induce changes in mental processes and behavior.

The prefix "supra" means "above" or "over." In this context, it suggests that the given word or concept is located or positioned above or beyond something else. It indicates a higher level or degree, indicating superiority or surpassing in terms of rank, position, or quality.

The correct answer is "arthro" because it is the combing form that specifically relates to joints. This can be seen by comparing it to the other options: "arther" and "artero" do not have any specific meaning related to joints, while "arthero" is not a recognized combing form. Therefore, "arthro" is the correct choice as it is the only option that accurately represents the joint.

The given options are all prefixes that can be added to the word "without". "Not" is a common negative prefix, "inter" means between or among, and "dys" means faulty or abnormal. However, "an" is the correct answer because it means without or lacking, which fits the meaning of "without" in the question.

The given correct answer is "pseudo". The options provided are all prefixes that can be used to form words with negative or false connotations. However, "pseudo" specifically means false or pretending to be something it is not. It is commonly used to describe something that is not genuine or authentic. Therefore, "pseudo" is the most appropriate prefix for the word "false" in this context.

Diagnosis refers to the recognition of a disease through its symptoms and signs. It involves analyzing the patient's symptoms, conducting tests, and interpreting the results to determine the specific disease or condition that the patient is experiencing. This process is crucial in providing appropriate treatment and care for the patient. The other options mentioned, such as procephalic, pharmacology, and dialysis/hemodialysis, are unrelated to the recognition of diseases and therefore are not the correct answer.

The combining form "carcino" refers to cancer. It is commonly used in medical terminology to indicate the presence or association with cancer. For example, words like "carcinoma" and "carcinogen" contain this combining form. Therefore, "carcino" is the correct combining form for cancer in this context.

The given answer "sub" is a prefix that means "under" or "below." It is commonly used in words like "submarine" (a type of watercraft that operates below the surface of the water) and "subway" (an underground railway system). In this context, "sub" refers to something that is lower or beneath something else.

Ambidexterity refers to the ability to use both hands equally well. It is a term commonly used to describe individuals who can perform tasks with both their left and right hands. In this context, the term "ambidextrous" is the only option that accurately describes the ability to use both hands. The other options, such as neuropathy, diplopia/ambiopia, psychomotor, and psychotropic, do not relate to the ability to use both hands.