Lead Up To The Russian Revolution

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Rasputin gained influence over the Tsar because the Tsar's wife, Alexandra, believed that he possessed special healing powers that could help their son when he suffered from a bleed. This belief led to the Tsar allowing Rasputin to have a significant role in the royal family, as he trusted his wife's judgment and wanted to do whatever he could to help their son.

Autocracy refers to a form of government where one person holds unlimited authority and possesses absolute power. In an autocratic system, this individual has complete control over decision-making and governance, without any checks or balances from other branches or individuals. It is characterized by a lack of political pluralism, limited or no civil liberties, and a concentration of power in the hands of a single ruler. This term is distinct from the other options provided, as it specifically pertains to a type of government rather than a vehicle, a word in another language, or a synonym for a dictator.

Lenin was the leader of the Bolsheviks, a faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party. He played a crucial role in the Russian Revolution and became the first head of the Soviet Union. Lenin's leadership and ideology were instrumental in shaping the Bolshevik movement and establishing a communist regime in Russia. His policies aimed to create a classless society and redistribute wealth and power to the working class. Lenin's leadership and contributions to the Bolshevik cause make him the correct answer in this context.

During the modernisation process in Russia, the nobles experienced a loss of power to the new industrial entrepreneurs. This can be inferred from the fact that the question asks about the effect of modernisation on the nobles, and the answer choice states that they lost some of their power. This suggests that the rise of industrialisation and the emergence of new entrepreneurs led to a shift in power dynamics, diminishing the influence and authority of the nobles.

A Duma refers to an elected parliament. In Russia, the Duma was the lower house of the legislative body during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was established as a result of the Russian Revolution of 1905, and its purpose was to represent the interests of the people and provide a platform for political discussions and decision-making. The Duma played a significant role in the political landscape of Russia, particularly during the early stages of the country's transition towards a more democratic system of governance.

The modernization had the effect of drawing many peasants to the cities seeking work. This means that as modernization and industrialization took place, peasants left their rural areas and moved to the cities in search of employment opportunities. This shift from agriculture-based livelihoods to urban industrial jobs was a significant consequence of modernization.

St Petersburg was the capital of the Russian Empire at the turn of the century (1900). It was founded by Peter the Great in 1703 and remained the capital until 1918 when it was renamed Petrograd. St Petersburg was known for its grand architecture, cultural significance, and being the political and cultural center of Russia during that time period.

The correct answer is Rizania because Rizania was not one of Tsar Nicholas's children. Tsar Nicholas had four children named Olga, Anastasia, Maria, and Alexei. Rizania is not a known child of Tsar Nicholas, making it the correct answer.

Nicholas II ascended to the throne in 1894.

Father Gapon led the march on the Winter Palace in 1905. He was a Russian Orthodox priest and a key figure in the Russian Revolution of 1905. Gapon organized a peaceful protest march to present a petition to Tsar Nicholas II, demanding better working conditions and political reforms. However, the march turned violent when the Imperial Guard opened fire on the protesters, resulting in the Bloody Sunday massacre. While Leon Trotsky, Vladimir Lenin, Josef Stalin, and Father Gregorio Rasputin were all significant figures in Russian history, they were not the leaders of the march on the Winter Palace in 1905.

Peter Stolypin was the Prime Minister of Russia from 1906 to 1911.

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Stolypin's ideas were important because he recognized the importance of implementing land reform to address the social and economic issues in Russia. He also understood the need to suppress radical movements that posed a threat to the stability of the government. By attempting to strike a balance between these two objectives, Stolypin aimed to bring about much-needed reforms while maintaining order in the country. This approach was significant as it acknowledged the need for change while also addressing the concerns of those who feared the potential consequences of radical reforms.

Prince Felix Yusupov is believed to have played a major role in the assassination of Rasputin. Rasputin was a controversial figure who held significant influence over the Russian royal family, particularly Tsar Nicholas II and his wife Alexandra. Yusupov, along with a group of conspirators, lured Rasputin to his palace and attempted to poison him. When the poison failed to kill him, Yusupov shot Rasputin multiple times. They then tied him up and threw him into the Neva River. Yusupov's involvement in the murder has been widely documented and he confessed to his role in the assassination.

Zemstva refers to a local government organization in Russia. It was established in the late 19th century and consisted of elected representatives from the rural population. The zemstva had responsibilities in areas such as education, healthcare, and infrastructure development at the local level. They played a significant role in the governance of rural areas and were an important part of the overall administrative structure in Russia during that time.

The correct answer is Marxists because the Bolsheviks were a faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party, which later became the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, believed in the principles of Marxism and sought to establish a socialist state through revolution. They advocated for the overthrow of the capitalist system and the establishment of a dictatorship of the proletariat.

The Russian government paid for the modernization through huge foreign loans. This means that they borrowed a significant amount of money from other countries in order to fund their efforts to modernize. This approach allowed them to access the necessary funds without relying solely on their own resources or increasing taxes on nobles. Additionally, selling off territory to the Japanese or Alaska to the United States of America were not mentioned as methods of payment for modernization in this context.

Sergei Witte was responsible for the October Manifesto. The October Manifesto was a document issued by Tsar Nicholas II of Russia in 1905, in response to the 1905 Russian Revolution. It granted civil liberties and established the State Duma, the first elected legislative body in Russia. Sergei Witte, a prominent statesman and politician, played a crucial role in drafting and implementing this manifesto, which aimed to appease the revolutionary movement and bring about political reforms in Russia.

After World War 1 was declared, the capital of Russia was renamed Petrograd. This change was made to remove any German-sounding elements from the city's name, as Germany was the enemy during the war. The name Petrograd remained until 1924 when it was changed to Leningrad in honor of Vladimir Lenin, the leader of the Russian Revolution.

Peter Stolypin was assassinated at the Kiev Opera house on 1st September 1911.

Trotsky played the role of being the leader of the first St Petersburg Soviet formed in 1905.

Under Sergei Witte - 1892 - 1903, Russia began a program of modernization. Sergei Witte served as the Minister of Finance and Prime Minister of the Russian Empire during this period. He implemented various economic reforms and policies aimed at modernizing Russia's industry, transportation, and infrastructure. Witte's efforts included the construction of railways, the expansion of foreign trade, and the promotion of industrialization. This period of modernization under Witte's leadership played a crucial role in transforming Russia into a more industrialized and modern nation.

Nicholas proclaimed the "October Manifesto" to appease the liberals by offering civil liberties and a state duma. This decision was likely driven by the desire to pacify the growing unrest and dissatisfaction among the liberal factions in Russia. By granting civil liberties and establishing a state duma, Nicholas aimed to address their demands for political representation and reform, in the hopes of preventing further revolutionary movements and maintaining stability in the country.

Rodzyanko was the leader of the Duma in January 1917. The Duma was the legislative body of the Russian government at that time. Rodzyanko's leadership of the Duma during this period was significant because it was during this time that the Russian Revolution took place, leading to the overthrow of the Tsarist regime. Rodzyanko played a crucial role in the events leading up to the revolution, including his support for the establishment of a Provisional Government.

The reasons for discontent prior to 1905 included poor working conditions in the factories, lack of political reform, brutal repression of opposition, and the Russo-Japanese war. These factors contributed to widespread dissatisfaction among the population, as they faced harsh working conditions, limited political rights, government suppression of dissent, and the negative impact of the war on the economy and national pride.

Liberal historians believe that WW1 was the most important factor in the Russian Revolution. They argue that the war created economic and social instability in Russia, leading to discontent among the population. The strain of the war on the Russian economy, combined with military failures and high casualties, weakened the government's legitimacy and sparked revolutionary sentiments. Liberal historians also emphasize the impact of the war on the Russian military, which suffered from poor leadership and inadequate resources, further eroding support for the Tsarist regime.

The correct answer is approximately 200,000. This suggests that a large number of people marched on the Winter Palace on Bloody Sunday.

Nicholas was married to Alix of Hesse, who later changed her name to Alexandra Fedorovna.