Hypothalamic, Pituitary, Adrenal And Parathyroid Histology

12 Questions | By Rossstudent | Updated: Mar 21, 2022 | Attempts: 299

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1.

Which of the following statements concerning the pituitary gland is CORRECT?
- A.
  
  A) TSH is derived from the hypothalamus
- B.
  
  B) TSH is stored in the pars nervosa of the pituitary gland
- C.
  
  C) Herring bodies store oxytocin and FSH
- D.
  
  D) Somatotrophs are acidophils and they produce GH
- E.
  
  E) Chromophobes secrete oxytocin and vasopressin
2.

Which of the following statements concerning the embryology of the pituitary gland is CORRECT?
- A.
  
  A) The anterior pituitary is derived from the mesencephalon
- B.
  
  B) Rathke's pouch is derived from the posterior pituitary
- C.
  
  C) The Pars Distalis is derived from endoderm
- D.
  
  D) Mesoderm gives rise to the anterior pituitary
- E.
  
  E) Neuroectoderm gives rise to the neurohypophysis
3.

Which of the following statements concerning the pituitary gland is CORRECT?
- A.
  
  A) ACTH is derived from the hypothalamus
- B.
  
  B) Herring bodies store oxytocin and vasopressin
- C.
  
  C) TSH is stored in the pars nervosa of the pituitary gland
- D.
  
  D) Acidophils produce FSH and ACTH
- E.
  
  E) Chromophils secrete oxytocin and vasopressin
4.

Which cell type produces growth hormone ?
- A.
  
  Neurosecretory cells of paraventricular nuclei
- B.
  
  Pituicytes
- C.
  
  Corticotrophs
- D.
  
  Somatotrophs
- E.
  
  Hepatocytes
5.

Which hormone is produced by the zona glomerulosa ?
- A.
  
  LH
- B.
  
  FSH
- C.
  
  Melatonin
- D.
  
  Aldosterone
- E.
  
  Cortisol
6.

Which hormone is produced by the zona reticularis?
- A.
  
  LH
- B.
  
  Androstenedione
- C.
  
  Melatonin
- D.
  
  Aldosterone
- E.
  
  Cortisol
- F.
  
  Angiotensin II
7.

Which hormone is produced as a result of angiotensin II stimulation?
- A.
  
  ACTH
- B.
  
  FSH
- C.
  
  Melatonin
- D.
  
  Cortisol
- E.
  
  Aldosterone
8.

A 6-year-old boy of short stature is given a subcutaneous injection of growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) as a diagnostic test. A growth hormone (GH) level obtained after the injection shows a substantial increase in plasma GH. This should indicate that:
- A.
  
  A) growth hormone (GH) therapy would be ineffective in this boy.
- B.
  
  B) the patient's short stature is due to hypothalamic dysfunction.
- C.
  
  C) the patient's short stature is unrelated to GH (growth hormone) synthesis and release
- D.
  
  D) growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) therapy would be ineffective
- E.
  
  E) a short- term treatment with parathyroid hormone would be beneficial
9.

Many hormones circulate in plasma in a protein bound form. This combination:
- A.
  
  A) confers receptor specificity on the bound hormone
- B.
  
  B) prevents the hormones from reaching their receptors
- C.
  
  C) increases renal metabolism and excretion.
- D.
  
  D) prevents down-regulation and negative feedback
- E.
  
  E) usually prolongs the hormone's half-life.
10.

A characteristic common to all hypothalamic releasing hormones is that they:
- A.
  
  A) are proteins or polypeptides released in a pulsatile manner
- B.
  
  B) exclusively utilize the IP3/DAG second messenger system in their target cells.
- C.
  
  C) stimulate the tropic cells of the neurohypophysis.
- D.
  
  D) directly stimulate release of steroid hormones.
- E.
  
  E) engage in long-loop feedback on their own production
11.

Which of the following statements is characteristic of the thyroid gland?
- A.
  
  A) It is derived from the 3rd pharyngeal pouch
- B.
  
  B) It secretes parathyroid hormone
- C.
  
  C) Chief cells are involved in the production of calcitonin
- D.
  
  D) Colloid is primarily composed of calcitonin and T3
- E.
  
  E) Thyroid follicular cells secrete T4 hormone
12.

Which of the following statements concerning the embryology of the pituitary gland is CORRECT?
- A.
  
  A) The anterior pituitary is derived from the diencephalon
- B.
  
  B) Rathke's pouch is derived from the posterior pituitary
- C.
  
  C) The infundibular stem is derived from endoderm
- D.
  
  D) Oral ectoderm gives rise to the anterior pituitary
- E.
  
  E) Neuroectoderm gives rise to the pars tuberalis