Human Nutrition 210 Final Exam

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    Constipation can best be prevented by 

    • Restricting fluids.
    • Using laxatives.
    • Engaging in little physical exercise.
    • Eating dietary fiber.
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Final Exam Quizzes & Trivia
About This Quiz

Review of test questions from tests I-IV in Dr. Andrews' Human Nutrition 210 course.

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  • 2. 

    Body weight in kilograms divided by height squared in meters yields 

    • The obesity index.

    • Relative weight.

    • Body mass index.

    • Percent body fat.

    Correct Answer
    A. Body mass index.
    Explanation
    The body mass index (BMI) is calculated by dividing the body weight in kilograms by the height squared in meters. This index is used to assess whether a person has a healthy body weight relative to their height. It is a widely accepted measure for determining obesity and can help identify individuals who may be at risk for weight-related health issues. The other options mentioned, such as obesity index, relative weight, and percent body fat, are not accurate descriptions of the calculation mentioned in the question.

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  • 3. 

    The basic building block of a protein is called a(n) 

    • Monosaccharide

    • Keto acid

    • Amino acid

    • Fatty acid

    Correct Answer
    A. Amino acid
    Explanation
    Amino acids are the basic building blocks of proteins. They are organic compounds that contain an amino group (-NH2) and a carboxyl group (-COOH), along with a side chain that is specific to each amino acid. When amino acids are linked together through peptide bonds, they form polypeptide chains, which then fold and interact to create functional proteins. Monosaccharides are simple sugars, keto acids are organic compounds with a carbonyl group, and fatty acids are long hydrocarbon chains with a carboxyl group. These molecules are not involved in protein synthesis and do not serve as the basic building blocks of proteins.

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  • 4. 

    Where does digestion begin? 

    • Small intestine

    • Mouth

    • Stomach

    • Esophagus

    Correct Answer
    A. Mouth
    Explanation
    Digestion begins in the mouth. This is where the process of breaking down food begins, as the teeth chew and grind the food into smaller pieces. Saliva is also released in the mouth, which contains enzymes that start the chemical breakdown of carbohydrates. The food is then formed into a bolus and swallowed, passing through the esophagus into the stomach for further digestion.

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  • 5. 

    Margaret, an elderly woman, needs to limit her kcalorie intake without sacrificing needed nutrients. Keeping in mind the Food Guide Pyramid, which of the following could she do? 

    • Eliminate carbohydrate

    • Count kcalories and not worry about the food groups

    • Eliminate Dairy foods.

    • Carefully select foods rich in nutrients but low in kcalories

    Correct Answer
    A. Carefully select foods rich in nutrients but low in kcalories
    Explanation
    Margaret, being an elderly woman, needs to limit her calorie intake while still getting the necessary nutrients. Eliminating carbohydrates or dairy foods would not be a suitable option as both of these food groups provide essential nutrients. Counting calories without considering the food groups may lead to an unbalanced diet. Therefore, the best approach for Margaret would be to carefully select foods that are rich in nutrients but low in calories. This way, she can ensure that she is getting the necessary nutrients while still controlling her calorie intake.

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  • 6. 

    The nutrient essential for synthesis of several blood clotting factors is 

    • K

    • E

    • A

    • C

    Correct Answer
    A. K
    Explanation
    Vitamin K is the nutrient essential for the synthesis of several blood clotting factors. It plays a crucial role in the process of blood clotting by activating certain proteins that are responsible for the formation of blood clots. Without sufficient vitamin K, the blood clotting process would be impaired, leading to an increased risk of excessive bleeding. Therefore, ensuring an adequate intake of vitamin K is necessary for maintaining proper blood clotting function.

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  • 7. 

    If a fat contains mostly saturated fatty acids, it is likely to be 

    • Solid at room temperature.

    • Soft at room temperature.

    • Rancid at room temperature.

    • Liquid at room temperature.

    Correct Answer
    A. Solid at room temperature.
    Explanation
    A fat that contains mostly saturated fatty acids is likely to be solid at room temperature. This is because saturated fats have a higher melting point compared to unsaturated fats. The saturated fatty acids in the fat pack closely together, resulting in a solid state. In contrast, unsaturated fats have double bonds in their fatty acid chains, which cause them to have a lower melting point and be liquid at room temperature. Therefore, a fat with mostly saturated fatty acids will have a solid consistency at room temperature.

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  • 8. 

    What is the major monosaccharide found in the body? 

    • Fructose

    • Glucose

    • Galactose

    • Sucrose

    Correct Answer
    A. Glucose
    Explanation
    Glucose is the major monosaccharide found in the body. It is the primary source of energy for cells and is essential for various metabolic processes. Glucose is easily absorbed into the bloodstream and is used by cells to produce ATP, the energy currency of the body. It is also involved in the synthesis of other important molecules such as glycogen and proteins.

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  • 9. 

    This mineral can be protective for the teeth when introduced into the water supply; however it can cause tooth mottling when consumed in high quantities. 

    • Fluoride

    • Selenium

    • Iron

    • Copper

    Correct Answer
    A. Fluoride
    Explanation
    Fluoride is the correct answer because it can be beneficial for teeth when added to the water supply, as it helps to prevent tooth decay and strengthen enamel. However, excessive consumption of fluoride can lead to tooth mottling, a condition characterized by discoloration and pitting of the teeth. It is important to maintain a balance in fluoride intake to reap its benefits without experiencing any negative effects.

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  • 10. 

    Which of the following hormones corrects a hyperglycemic state? 

    • Insulin

    • Glucagon

    • Epinephrine

    • Cortisol

    Correct Answer
    A. Insulin
    Explanation
    Insulin is the correct answer because it is the hormone responsible for lowering blood glucose levels by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells, especially in the liver and muscle tissue. In a hyperglycemic state, where blood glucose levels are high, insulin helps to regulate and bring down these levels by facilitating the storage and utilization of glucose. Glucagon, epinephrine, and cortisol are not involved in correcting hyperglycemia, but rather have other roles in the body such as raising blood glucose levels or responding to stress.

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  • 11. 

    Which of the following is not true about water? 

    • Provides a way to transport nutrients and waste

    • Dietary need of approximately 8 cups per day

    • Provides energy

    • By-product of cell chemical reactions

    Correct Answer
    A. Provides energy
    Explanation
    Water does not provide energy. While it is essential for various bodily functions, such as transportation of nutrients and waste, and is a by-product of cell chemical reactions, it does not directly provide energy. Energy is typically obtained from the consumption of food and other beverages that contain macronutrients like carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

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  • 12. 

    Which of the following contains a rich supply of omega-3 fatty acids? 

    • Sirloin

    • Chicken

    • Broccoli

    • Salmon

    Correct Answer
    A. Salmon
    Explanation
    Salmon contains a rich supply of omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids are essential for the body as they have numerous health benefits, including reducing inflammation, improving heart health, and supporting brain function. While all the other options listed - sirloin, chicken, and broccoli - are nutritious, they do not contain as high levels of omega-3 fatty acids as salmon does. Therefore, salmon is the correct answer as it is a well-known source of omega-3 fatty acids.

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  • 13. 

    This vitamin, when consumed during pregnancy, can help prevent neural tube defects like spina bifida. 

    • B6

    • Niacin

    • Riboflavin

    • Folate/Folic Acid

    Correct Answer
    A. Folate/Folic Acid
    Explanation
    Folate/Folic Acid is the correct answer because it is a B vitamin that is crucial for the development of the neural tube in a fetus. Adequate intake of folate/folic acid during pregnancy can help prevent neural tube defects such as spina bifida. It plays a vital role in the production of DNA and cell division, which is especially important during the early stages of pregnancy when the neural tube is forming. Therefore, ensuring sufficient folate/folic acid intake is essential for the healthy development of the baby's nervous system.

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  • 14. 

    The childhood disease rickets is due to a deficiency. 

    • Vitamin D

    • Vitamin E

    • Vitamin A

    • Vitamin K

    Correct Answer
    A. Vitamin D
    Explanation
    Rickets is a childhood disease that is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin D. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in the absorption of calcium and phosphorus, which are essential for the development and maintenance of strong bones. When there is a deficiency of Vitamin D, the body is unable to properly absorb these minerals, leading to weakened and soft bones, which is the characteristic feature of rickets. Therefore, the correct answer is Vitamin D.

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  • 15. 

    Which of the following are substances in plant foods that are not digested in the stomach or small intestine? 

    • Dietary fiber

    • Dextrose

    • Disaccharides

    • Simple sugars

    Correct Answer
    A. Dietary fiber
    Explanation
    Dietary fiber refers to the indigestible parts of plant foods that pass through the stomach and small intestine relatively intact. It adds bulk to the diet, aids in digestion, and helps prevent constipation. Unlike dextrose, disaccharides, and simple sugars, dietary fiber is not broken down and absorbed by the body. Instead, it provides important health benefits such as lowering cholesterol levels, regulating blood sugar levels, and promoting healthy bowel movements.

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  • 16. 

    The muscular contractions that move food through the digestive tract are called 

    • Peristalsis

    • Compression

    • Propulsion

    • Regurgitation

    Correct Answer
    A. Peristalsis
    Explanation
    Peristalsis is the correct answer because it refers to the rhythmic contractions of the muscles in the digestive tract that propel food forward. These contractions help to push the food along the digestive system, allowing for proper digestion and absorption of nutrients. Compression, propulsion, and regurgitation are not accurate terms to describe this process.

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  • 17. 

    Most digestion takes place in the 

    • Pancreas

    • Small intestine

    • Large intestine

    • Stomach

    Correct Answer
    A. Small intestine
    Explanation
    The small intestine is the correct answer because it is the primary site for digestion and absorption of nutrients in the digestive system. It receives partially digested food from the stomach and further breaks it down using enzymes produced by the pancreas and bile from the liver. The small intestine has a large surface area due to its villi and microvilli, which increases the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream. Therefore, it is where most digestion takes place.

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  • 18. 

    The function of thick mucus in the stomach is to 

    • Promote fat digestion.

    • Protect stomach cells from acid and enzymes.

    • Activate stomach enzymes.

    • Keep the stomach bacteria-free.

    Correct Answer
    A. Protect stomach cells from acid and enzymes.
    Explanation
    Thick mucus in the stomach serves the purpose of protecting the stomach cells from the corrosive effects of acid and enzymes. The stomach produces hydrochloric acid and various enzymes to aid in digestion, which can be harmful to the delicate lining of the stomach. The thick mucus layer acts as a barrier, preventing the acid and enzymes from directly damaging the stomach cells and maintaining a healthy environment for digestion.

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  • 19. 

    Which of the following nutrients can directly supply energy for human use? 

    • Lipids and oils

    • Fiber

    • Minerals

    • Vitamins

    Correct Answer
    A. Lipids and oils
    Explanation
    Lipids and oils are the correct answer because they are a concentrated source of energy for the human body. When consumed, lipids and oils are broken down into fatty acids, which can be used as a fuel source by cells. These fatty acids can be stored in adipose tissue for later use or utilized immediately for energy production. Unlike fiber, minerals, and vitamins, lipids and oils provide calories and serve as an important energy source in the diet.

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  • 20. 

    The major chloride source in the diet is 

    • Milk

    • Salt

    • Nuts

    • Cheese

    Correct Answer
    A. Salt
    Explanation
    Salt is the correct answer because it is the most common and widely used source of chloride in the diet. Salt, also known as sodium chloride, is added to many foods during cooking or processing, and is also commonly used as a seasoning. It is found in high amounts in processed foods, snacks, and fast food. While other foods like milk, nuts, and cheese may contain small amounts of chloride, they are not the major sources compared to salt.

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  • 21. 

    Which of the following is true about the absorption, transport, and storage of fat-soluble vitamins? 

    • They are not stored to any great extent

    • After absorption, they are transported in the bloodstream to body cells and or stored in the liver and fatty tissue

    • They enter the bloodstream directly after absorption

    • Fat in the digestive contents is not important for their absorption

    Correct Answer
    A. After absorption, they are transported in the bloodstream to body cells and or stored in the liver and fatty tissue
    Explanation
    After absorption, fat-soluble vitamins are transported in the bloodstream to body cells and stored in the liver and fatty tissue. Unlike water-soluble vitamins, fat-soluble vitamins are not readily excreted by the body and can be stored for longer periods. This is because they dissolve in fat and are stored in adipose tissue, which acts as a reservoir for these vitamins. The liver also plays a role in storing fat-soluble vitamins, as it helps regulate their distribution and release into the bloodstream when needed by the body.

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  • 22. 

    Which of the following is true about the way we should eat to achieve good nutritional status? 

    • Eat only plant products because animal products are bad and generally filled with hormones for animal growth

    • Eat fruits and vegetables because we can get all the nutrients we need from these

    • Eat a wide variety of foods because no single natural food meets all human nutrient needs

    • Do the best we can but take supplements to fill in the deficient areas

    Correct Answer
    A. Eat a wide variety of foods because no single natural food meets all human nutrient needs
    Explanation
    It is important to eat a wide variety of foods because no single natural food can provide all the nutrients that our body needs. Different foods contain different nutrients, and by consuming a diverse range of foods, we can ensure that we are getting all the essential vitamins, minerals, and macronutrients that are necessary for good nutritional status. Relying solely on plant products or taking supplements may not be sufficient to meet all our nutrient needs.

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  • 23. 

    Vitamin E functions as a(n) 

    • Antioxidant

    • Hormone

    • Coenzyme

    • Enzyme

    Correct Answer
    A. Antioxidant
    Explanation
    Vitamin E functions as an antioxidant, which means it helps protect cells from damage caused by free radicals. Free radicals are unstable molecules that can cause oxidative stress and lead to various health problems, including chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer. Antioxidants like vitamin E neutralize these free radicals, preventing them from causing harm to the body. Vitamin E also plays a role in immune function and helps support healthy skin and eyes.

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  • 24. 

    The chemical element found in all amino acids but not found in either carbohydrates or fats is 

    • Carbon.

    • Hydrogen.

    • Nitrogen.

    • Oxygen.

    Correct Answer
    A. Nitrogen.
    Explanation
    Nitrogen is the correct answer because it is the chemical element found in all amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, and proteins are made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. While carbohydrates and fats also contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, they do not contain nitrogen. Therefore, nitrogen is the element that distinguishes amino acids from carbohydrates and fats.

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  • 25. 

    Which of the following is a major source of lactose? 

    • Buttermilk

    • Broccoli

    • Honey

    • Lactose

    Correct Answer
    A. Buttermilk
    Explanation
    Buttermilk is a major source of lactose because it is a fermented dairy product that contains lactose, a sugar found in milk. Lactose is naturally present in milk and dairy products, and buttermilk is made by fermenting milk, which increases the lactose content. Therefore, buttermilk is a significant source of lactose.

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  • 26. 

    Fibers belong to the class of nutrients known as 

    • Minerals

    • Proteins

    • Lipids

    • Carbohydrates

    Correct Answer
    A. Carbohydrates
    Explanation
    Fibers belong to the class of nutrients known as carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are one of the three macronutrients, along with proteins and lipids, that provide energy to the body. Fibers are a type of carbohydrate that cannot be fully digested by the body and therefore provide bulk to the diet and aid in digestion. They are found in plant-based foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes.

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  • 27. 

    One would be likely to see positive protein balance in all of the following conditions except 

    • Recovery from surgery.

    • Growth.

    • Starvation.

    • Pregnancy.

    Correct Answer
    A. Starvation.
    Explanation
    Positive protein balance refers to a state in which the body is synthesizing more proteins than it is breaking down. This occurs during periods of growth, pregnancy, and recovery from surgery, as these conditions require an increase in protein synthesis to support tissue repair and growth. However, during starvation, the body is in a catabolic state where it breaks down proteins for energy, resulting in a negative protein balance. Therefore, one would not see positive protein balance in the condition of starvation.

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  • 28. 

    Starch is comprised of hundreds and perhaps thousands of which molecule? 

    • Glucose

    • Galactose

    • Fructose

    • Glycerol

    Correct Answer
    A. Glucose
    Explanation
    Starch is made up of hundreds and perhaps thousands of glucose molecules. Glucose is a simple sugar and the main source of energy for the body. When multiple glucose molecules join together through chemical bonds, they form starch, which is a complex carbohydrate. Starch is commonly found in foods like potatoes, rice, and bread, and it serves as a storage form of energy in plants.

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  • 29. 

    What structure prevents food from entering the trachea when you swallow?

    • Esophagus

    • Tonsils

    • Epiglottis

    • Tongue

    Correct Answer
    A. Epiglottis
    Explanation
    The epiglottis is a flap of tissue located at the base of the tongue that prevents food from entering the trachea when you swallow. It covers the opening of the trachea, called the glottis, during swallowing to ensure that food and liquids are directed down the esophagus and into the stomach, rather than going into the airway. This mechanism helps to prevent choking and allows for the smooth passage of food and air into their respective pathways.

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  • 30. 

    Which of the following statements does not describe the role of minerals in the body? 

    • They make possible the transfer of nerve impulses

    • They provide 4 kcalories per gram

    • They help maintain water balance

    • They are constituents of important body compounds

    Correct Answer
    A. They provide 4 kcalories per gram
  • 31. 

    The nitrogen from amino acid breakdown is 

    • Stored in the liver

    • Converted to urea

    • Converted to fat.

    • Oxidised to carbohydrate.

    Correct Answer
    A. Converted to urea
    Explanation
    When amino acids are broken down in the body, the nitrogen component is converted to urea. Urea is a waste product that is formed in the liver and then excreted by the kidneys through urine. This process is important for maintaining nitrogen balance in the body and preventing the buildup of toxic ammonia. Therefore, the correct answer is that the nitrogen from amino acid breakdown is converted to urea.

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  • 32. 

    A goiter may form as a consequence of an inadequate intake of 

    • Sodium

    • Magnesium

    • Iodide

    • Copper

    Correct Answer
    A. Iodide
    Explanation
    A goiter may form as a consequence of an inadequate intake of iodide. Iodide is necessary for the production of thyroid hormones, which regulate the body's metabolism. Without enough iodide, the thyroid gland enlarges in an attempt to produce more hormones, leading to the formation of a goiter. Sodium, magnesium, and copper do not directly affect thyroid hormone production and therefore would not be a cause of goiter formation.

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  • 33. 

    Lactose intolerance is caused by 

    • Lactase deficiency.

    • Intestinal bacteria.

    • Milk bacteria.

    • A milk allergy.

    Correct Answer
    A. Lactase deficiency.
    Explanation
    Lactose intolerance is caused by lactase deficiency. Lactose is a sugar found in milk and dairy products, and lactase is the enzyme responsible for breaking down lactose in the body. People with lactase deficiency do not produce enough lactase, resulting in the inability to properly digest lactose. This leads to symptoms such as bloating, gas, and diarrhea when consuming dairy products. Intestinal bacteria, milk bacteria, and milk allergies are not the direct cause of lactose intolerance.

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  • 34. 

    All of the following are characteristic of cholesterol except 

    • It is used for making estrogen and testosterone.

    • It is incorporated into cell membranes.

    • It is converted to bile.

    • It is an essential nutrient.

    Correct Answer
    A. It is an essential nutrient.
    Explanation
    Cholesterol is not considered an essential nutrient because the body can produce it on its own. It is synthesized in the liver and can also be obtained from dietary sources. However, cholesterol is important for various physiological functions in the body, such as the production of hormones like estrogen and testosterone, the formation of cell membranes, and the synthesis of bile.

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  • 35. 

    The RDA for nutrients generally are 

    • Designed to be adequate for almost all healthy people.

    • More than twice the requirements.

    • The minimum amounts the average adult male requires.

    • Designed to prevent deficiency disease in half the population.

    Correct Answer
    A. Designed to be adequate for almost all healthy people.
    Explanation
    The RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance) for nutrients is designed to provide adequate amounts of nutrients for almost all healthy individuals. It takes into consideration the needs of the majority of the population and aims to prevent nutrient deficiencies. While individual requirements may vary, the RDA serves as a general guideline to ensure that most people are meeting their nutritional needs.

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  • 36. 

    What disease is caused by a thiamin deficiency? 

    • Kwashiorkor

    • Pellagra

    • Scurvy

    • Beriberi

    Correct Answer
    A. Beriberi
    Explanation
    Beriberi is a disease caused by a deficiency of thiamin, also known as vitamin B1. Thiamin is essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system and the metabolism of carbohydrates. Symptoms of beriberi include weakness, fatigue, nerve damage, and cardiovascular problems. It is commonly found in regions where polished rice is a staple food, as the milling process removes the thiamin-rich outer layer of the grain.

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  • 37. 

    Scurvy can be prevented with adequate intakes of 

    • Niacin

    • Vitamin C

    • Thiamin

    • Riboflavin

    Correct Answer
    A. Vitamin C
    Explanation
    Vitamin C is the correct answer because scurvy is a disease caused by a deficiency of this vitamin. Adequate intake of vitamin C is necessary to prevent scurvy as it plays a crucial role in collagen synthesis, which is important for the health of connective tissues, blood vessels, and skin. Vitamin C is found in various fruits and vegetables, such as citrus fruits, strawberries, kiwi, bell peppers, and broccoli.

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  • 38. 

    A kcalorie is a measure of 

    • Sugar and fat in food.

    • Nutrients in food

    • Fat in food

    • Heat energy

    Correct Answer
    A. Heat energy
    Explanation
    A kcalorie, also known as a calorie, is a unit of measurement used to quantify the amount of heat energy that can be obtained from food when it is metabolized by the body. It is not a measure of sugar and fat specifically, or any other specific nutrient in food. Therefore, the correct answer is "heat energy."

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  • 39. 

    In which form are most dietary lipids found? 

    • Monoglycerides

    • Sterols

    • Triglycerides

    • Phospholipids

    Correct Answer
    A. Triglycerides
    Explanation
    Most dietary lipids are found in the form of triglycerides. Triglycerides are the main type of fat found in the body and in food. They consist of three fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule. Triglycerides are the primary storage form of fat in the body and provide a concentrated source of energy. They are also important for the absorption and transport of fat-soluble vitamins.

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  • 40. 

    Which of the following statements is true about iron? 

    • Excess dietary iron is excreted readily via the kidneys

    • An iron-deficient individual absorbs less iron

    • Iron deficiency anemia is found among young children, adolescents, and menstruating women

    • 65 percent of dietary iron is absorbed

    Correct Answer
    A. Iron deficiency anemia is found among young children, adolescents, and menstruating women
    Explanation
    Iron deficiency anemia is found among young children, adolescents, and menstruating women. This statement is true because iron deficiency anemia is a common condition that occurs when there is a lack of iron in the body, leading to a decrease in the production of red blood cells. Young children, adolescents, and menstruating women are more susceptible to iron deficiency anemia due to increased iron requirements during growth and menstruation.

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  • 41. 

    Most weight loss programs result in 

    • Weight gain

    • Temporary weight loss.

    • Permanent weight loss.

    • No weight change.

    Correct Answer
    A. Temporary weight loss.
    Explanation
    Most weight loss programs are designed to help individuals lose weight in the short term, typically through a combination of calorie restriction and increased physical activity. However, these programs often fail to address the underlying factors that contribute to weight gain, such as unhealthy eating habits and sedentary lifestyles. As a result, many people who participate in weight loss programs experience temporary weight loss but eventually regain the weight once they return to their previous habits. Therefore, the correct answer is temporary weight loss.

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  • 42. 

    A disorder in which frequent bingeing and possibly purging occurs is called 

    • Compulsive overeating.

    • Anorexia nervosa.

    • Hypoglycemia

    • Bulimia

    Correct Answer
    A. Bulimia
    Explanation
    Bulimia is a disorder characterized by frequent episodes of binge eating, followed by behaviors such as purging, fasting, or excessive exercise. This disorder involves a cycle of overeating and then attempting to compensate for the excessive food intake. It is different from compulsive overeating, which involves excessive food consumption without compensatory behaviors. Anorexia nervosa is a different eating disorder characterized by severe restriction of food intake, while hypoglycemia refers to low blood sugar levels. Therefore, the correct answer is bulimia.

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  • 43. 

    The B vitamins generally function as 

    • Coenzymes

    • Emulsifiers

    • Antioxidants

    • Reducing agents

    Correct Answer
    A. Coenzymes
    Explanation
    The B vitamins generally function as coenzymes, which means they work together with enzymes to help facilitate various chemical reactions in the body. Coenzymes are necessary for the proper functioning of enzymes, as they assist in the transfer of molecules and energy during metabolic processes. B vitamins, such as thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin, play crucial roles in converting food into energy, maintaining a healthy nervous system, and supporting cell growth and development. Therefore, their function as coenzymes is essential for overall health and well-being.

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  • 44. 

    Which of the following is characteristic of bulimics? 

    • Have obvious symptoms

    • Binge eating

    • Tend to be very thin

    • Are almost never male

    Correct Answer
    A. Binge eating
    Explanation
    Binge eating is a characteristic of bulimics. Binge eating refers to the consumption of large amounts of food in a short period of time, often accompanied by a sense of loss of control. This behavior is commonly seen in individuals with bulimia nervosa, an eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, or the use of laxatives. Binge eating is a key feature of bulimia and distinguishes it from other eating disorders.

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  • 45. 

    A saturated fatty acid contains 

    • 2 to 12 double bonds.

    • No double bonds

    • 14 to 24 double bonds.

    • One double bond.

    Correct Answer
    A. No double bonds
    Explanation
    A saturated fatty acid is a type of fatty acid that does not have any double bonds in its carbon chain. This means that all the carbon atoms in the chain are bonded to hydrogen atoms and there are no unsaturated or double bonds present. Saturated fatty acids are typically solid at room temperature and are commonly found in animal fats and some plant oils.

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  • 46. 

    Acquiring sufficient vitamin B12 from the diet may be a problem to vegans because 

    • Phytic acid in vegetable proteins may inhibit its absorption.

    • It is only found in animal products.

    • They lack the R-protein in the stomach.

    • Deficiency may result from high intakes of legumes.

    Correct Answer
    A. It is only found in animal products.
    Explanation
    Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal products such as meat, fish, eggs, and dairy. Vegans who follow a plant-based diet may have difficulty acquiring sufficient amounts of this vitamin as they do not consume any animal products. This is why the correct answer is "it is only found in animal products."

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  • 47. 

    Cooking an egg alters its appearance due to 

    • Denaturation

    • Esterification.

    • Detoxification.

    • Emulsification.

    Correct Answer
    A. Denaturation
    Explanation
    Cooking an egg alters its appearance due to denaturation. Denaturation is the process in which the proteins in the egg undergo structural changes due to the application of heat. This causes the proteins to unfold and lose their original shape, resulting in a change in the appearance and texture of the egg.

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  • 48. 

    As one finds his or her weight loss slowing during a weight control program, the best practice is to 

    • Increase physical activity.

    • Go off the weight control program and take a break.

    • Restrict more food choices.

    • Reduce food intake to 1,000 kcalories.

    Correct Answer
    A. Increase physical activity.
    Explanation
    As one finds his or her weight loss slowing during a weight control program, increasing physical activity is the best practice. This is because increasing physical activity helps to burn more calories and increase metabolism, which can aid in weight loss. Additionally, increasing physical activity can help to build muscle, which can further contribute to weight loss by increasing overall calorie expenditure. Restricting more food choices or reducing food intake to 1,000 kcalories may not be sustainable or healthy approaches, and going off the weight control program and taking a break can hinder progress.

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  • 49. 

    The most long-term success in anorexia nervosa treatment has been with 

    • Scare tactics

    • Outpatient treatment

    • A multidisciplinary team of health care providers.

    • Hospitilization and feeding via a tube

    Correct Answer
    A. A multidisciplinary team of health care providers.
    Explanation
    A multidisciplinary team of health care providers is the correct answer because anorexia nervosa is a complex disorder that requires a comprehensive approach. This team typically includes professionals such as doctors, psychologists, dietitians, and therapists who collaborate to address the physical, psychological, and emotional aspects of the disorder. They work together to develop a personalized treatment plan, provide ongoing support, and monitor the individual's progress. This approach has shown the most long-term success as it addresses the various factors contributing to anorexia nervosa and provides a holistic approach to treatment.

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Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Mar 22, 2023 +

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 22, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Jul 31, 2015
    Quiz Created by
    Deekingofglory

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