1.
What is sustainability?
Correct Answer
D. All of the above
Explanation
The correct answer is "all of the above" because all the statements mentioned in the options contribute to the understanding of sustainability. The first statement emphasizes the importance of promoting human well-being while protecting the earth's life support systems. The second statement highlights the dependence of human survival and well-being on the natural environment. The third statement further expands on the concept of sustainability by mentioning the awareness of the world's connectivity, finding innovative solutions, practicing environmental stewardship, building governance institutions, and promoting justice. Therefore, all of these statements are valid explanations of sustainability.
2.
Energy saved from recycling one aluminum can could operate a computer or TV for three hours and a six-pack saves enough energy to drive a car five miles.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Recycling one aluminum can saves enough energy to operate a computer or TV for three hours, and a six-pack of aluminum cans saves enough energy to drive a car five miles. This means that recycling aluminum cans can significantly reduce energy consumption and promote energy efficiency. Therefore, the statement is true.
3.
If the environmental effects of gasoline (contamination of soil, groundwater, surface water and air) were factored into the price, it would be
Correct Answer
D. $15 per gallon
Explanation
If the environmental effects of gasoline were factored into the price, it would be $15 per gallon. This suggests that the environmental impact of gasoline is significant and costly. The high price reflects the need to account for the contamination of soil, groundwater, surface water, and air caused by gasoline usage. This encourages consumers to consider alternative, more environmentally friendly options and promotes sustainability.
4.
Facts about solar energy usage:
Correct Answer
E. All of the above
Explanation
Solar energy can be used in various ways, as mentioned in the facts provided. Solar thermal technology utilizes the sun's heat, while photovoltaic technologies convert sunlight into electricity. Solar energy can be used for indoor and outdoor lighting, heating swimming pools, powering cars, and operating small appliances. Additionally, solar energy can even be used for cooking food. Therefore, the correct answer is "all of the above," as all the mentioned options are valid uses of solar energy.
5.
Compact fluorescent lamps, or CFLs
Correct Answer
D. A and c
Explanation
The correct answer is "a and c". This is because CFLs use around 75 percent less energy than incandescent bulbs with the same light output, which helps in reducing energy consumption and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, CFLs contribute to decreasing mercury pollution as the burning of coal for electricity releases mercury into the air, and CFLs use less electricity compared to incandescent bulbs.
6.
According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, much of the municipal waste stream is recyclable, but the average American throws out more than 1,130 pounds of garbage per year
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The statement is true because the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency states that a significant portion of the waste generated by municipalities can be recycled. However, despite this fact, the average American still discards over 1,130 pounds of garbage annually. This indicates that there is a considerable amount of recyclable waste that is not being properly disposed of or recycled.
7.
Permaculture (an ecological, holistic and sustainable design system and philosophy for human living spaces)can only be achieved in a large rural place setting
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Permaculture can be achieved in various settings, not just large rural places. It is a design system and philosophy that focuses on creating sustainable and self-sufficient human living spaces by working with nature. Permaculture principles can be applied in urban areas, suburban neighborhoods, and even small-scale gardens. The key is to understand and mimic natural ecosystems to maximize efficiency and minimize waste, regardless of the size or location of the living space.
8.
Structural insulated panels (SIP) when properly installed
Correct Answer
D. All of the above
Explanation
Structural insulated panels (SIP) when properly installed have multiple benefits. They eliminate the infiltration and ex-filtration of air, meaning they provide excellent insulation and help maintain a consistent temperature inside the building. Additionally, SIPs serve as a dramatic noise reduction, making them ideal for soundproofing purposes. Moreover, they are resistant to mold, mildew, and fire, enhancing the safety and durability of the structure. Therefore, the correct answer is "all of the above" as all the mentioned statements are true regarding SIPs.
9.
Harvesting rainwater is unsafe and unhealthy
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Harvesting rainwater is not inherently unsafe or unhealthy. In fact, it is a common and sustainable practice used to collect and store rainwater for various purposes such as irrigation, household use, and replenishing groundwater. However, it is important to ensure proper filtration and treatment methods are in place to remove any potential contaminants before using rainwater for consumption or other sensitive applications. With proper systems and maintenance, rainwater harvesting can be a safe and healthy source of water.
10.
Carbon footprint
Correct Answer
E. A and d
Explanation
References
1.EPA. (2012, May 29). Sustainabitlity. Retrieved April 2012, from EPA-United States Environmental Protection Agency: http://www.epa.gov/sustainability/basicinfo.htm
Redman, C. L. (2012, March 27). What is sustainability. Retrieved April 27, 2012, from ASU Global Institute of Sustainability: http://sustainability.asu.edu/about/resources/what-is-sustainability.php
Summit, H. G.-E. (1992). Sustainability. Retrieved April 27, 2012, from Glogall Footprints: http://www.globalfootprints.org/page/id/0/5/
2.UCLA. (2012, March 27). Sustainability-Energy and Water. Retrieved April 27, 2012, from UCLA Sustainability: http://www.sustain.ucla.edu/handbook/article.asp?parentid=3465
3.Brown., L. (2012, March 27). Mobilizing to Save Civilization- Plan B 3.0. Retrieved April 27, 2012, from Sustainable Green Tree: http://www.sustainablebraintree.org/learnmore
Sharp, G. (2011, August 5). Hidden Costs of Gasoline. Retrieved April 4, 2012, from The Society Pages: http://thesocietypages.org/socimages/2011/08/05/hidden-costs-of-gasoline/
4.EIS, S. E. (2012, March 27). Utility-scale Solar Energy. Retrieved April 27, 2012, from Solar Energy Development Programmatic EIS: http://solareis.anl.gov/guide/solar/index.cfm
Home, S. (2012, March 27). Go Solar. Go Green. Retrieved April 27, 2012, from Solar Home: http://www.solarhome.org/infofactsaboutsolarenergy.html
5.Energy, U. D. (2012, April 4). Compact Fluorecent Lamps. Retrieved April 4, 2012, from Energy Savers: http://www.energysavers.gov/your_home/lighting_daylighting/index.cfm/mytopic=12050
6.EPA-. (2012, March 27). Wastes - Resource Conservation - Common Wastes & Materials - Organic Materials. Retrieved April 27, 2012, from US Environmental Protection Agency: http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/materials/organics/food/fd-basic.htm
7.USA, T. P. (2012, March27). Permaculture. Retrieved April 27, 2012, from Permaculture USA: http://www.permacultureusa.org/
8.Energy, U. D. (2012, April 4). Compact Fluorecent Lamps. Retrieved April 4, 2012, from Energy Savers: http://www.energysavers.gov/your_home/lighting_daylighting/index.cfm/mytopic=12050
9.University, N. S. (2012, March 27). Rainwater Harvesting at NCSU Research. Retrieved April 27, 2012, from NC State University: http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/topic/waterharvesting/research.html
System, A. E. (2012, March 27). Rainwatert Harvesting. Retrieved April 27, 2012, from AgriLife Extrension. Texas A&M System: http://rainwaterharvesting.tamu.edu/
10.Change, T. F. (2012, March 27). Time For Change-Global Warming. Retrieved April 27, 2012, from Time For Change: http://timeforchange.org/what-is-a-carbon-footprint-definition
Kulpinski, D. (2012, March 27). Human Footprint: Where Does All the Stuff Go? Retrieved April 27, 2012, from National Geographic: http://channel.nationalgeographic.com/channel/human-footprint/trash-talk2.html
Walser, M. L. (2010, July 14). The Enyclopedia of Earth. Retrieved April 4, 2012, from Carbon Footprint: http://www.eoearth.org/article/Carbon_footprint
Wisconsin, U. o. (2012, March 27). Sustainability. Retrieved April 27, 2012, from Carbon Footprin: http://www.uwrf.edu/Sustain/ChoiceCarbon.cfm