1.
Health is
Correct Answer(s)
A. Always changing
C. Mental well being
Explanation
Health is always changing because it is influenced by various factors such as lifestyle, environment, and genetics. It is not a static state but rather a dynamic process that can fluctuate over time. Mental well-being is also an important aspect of health as it encompasses emotional, psychological, and social well-being. It is interconnected with physical health and can impact overall health status. Therefore, the given answer accurately reflects the concept that health is constantly evolving and includes mental well-being.
2.
Health promotion is
Correct Answer(s)
A. Anticipatory guidance
B. Increase well being and enhance wellness and health
Explanation
Health promotion refers to the process of enabling individuals and communities to improve their health and well-being. It involves anticipatory guidance, which means providing information, support, and guidance to individuals and communities in order to prevent health issues and promote healthy behaviors. This includes activities such as educating people about healthy lifestyle choices, encouraging regular exercise, promoting good nutrition, and raising awareness about the importance of preventive healthcare measures. By engaging in health promotion, individuals can increase their well-being and enhance their overall wellness and health. The phrase "watching tv" is unrelated and does not fit with the concept of health promotion.
3.
Acute illness is a long term sickness, that one has forever.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The given statement is incorrect. Acute illness refers to a short-term sickness that typically lasts for a short duration. It is not a long-term sickness that one has forever. Therefore, the correct answer is False.
4.
Health Maintenance are activities that
Correct Answer(s)
A. Preserve health
B. Prevent disease or injury
Explanation
Health maintenance refers to the actions and practices undertaken to preserve and promote good health. It involves engaging in activities that help maintain physical, mental, and emotional well-being. By preserving health, individuals take proactive steps to prevent the onset of diseases or injuries. This includes adopting healthy lifestyle habits, such as eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, getting enough sleep, and avoiding harmful substances. Additionally, health maintenance involves preventive measures like regular check-ups, vaccinations, and screenings to detect and address potential health issues before they become serious. Overall, health maintenance aims to ensure optimal health and well-being, promoting longevity and quality of life.
5.
Health maintenance has 3 levels of maintenance activities.
Correct Answer(s)
Primary, secondary, tertiary
Explanation
The correct answer is primary, secondary, tertiary. These three levels of health maintenance activities represent different stages of prevention and intervention. Primary prevention focuses on promoting overall health and preventing diseases before they occur. Secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment of diseases to prevent further complications. Tertiary prevention aims to improve the quality of life and minimize the impact of chronic illnesses or disabilities through rehabilitation and support services. These three levels work together to ensure comprehensive healthcare and address health issues at different stages.
6.
Examples of primary prevention are
Correct Answer
A. Eating well
Explanation
Primary prevention refers to actions taken to prevent the onset of a disease or condition before it occurs. Eating well is considered an example of primary prevention because a healthy diet can help prevent various diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and certain types of cancer. By consuming nutritious food and maintaining a balanced diet, individuals can reduce their risk of developing these conditions. Therefore, eating well is an effective primary prevention strategy that promotes overall health and well-being.
7.
Secondary prevention is activities that screen for illnesses.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Secondary prevention refers to activities that aim to detect and diagnose illnesses at an early stage, before symptoms appear. These activities include screening tests, such as mammograms or colonoscopies, which are conducted on individuals who may be at risk for certain diseases. By identifying illnesses early on, secondary prevention can help prevent further progression of the disease and improve outcomes. Therefore, the given statement is correct, as secondary prevention does involve screening for illnesses.
8.
Cephalocaudal refers to development that proceeds from the center out.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
development from the head down
9.
Proxidistal development refers to development from the center of the body out.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Proxidistal development refers to the pattern of development where growth and control of muscles and limbs occur from the center of the body outward. This means that the development starts with the core muscles and then progresses to the extremities, such as the arms and legs. This is true in human development, as well as in the development of other animals.
10.
Denver II Test is a test that screens for
Correct Answer(s)
A. Personality/social
B. Fine/gross motor skills
C. Language
Explanation
The Denver II Test is a comprehensive screening tool that assesses a child's development in various areas. It evaluates their personality/social skills, fine/gross motor skills, and language abilities. By examining these aspects, the test helps identify any potential developmental delays or concerns in these areas.
11.
Erick Erickson
Correct Answer(s)
A. Had 8 stages of development
B. Theories of psychosocial development
D. Task met/unmet
E. Developmental crisis
Explanation
Erick Erickson is known for his theories on psychosocial development, which he proposed in 1965. He believed that individuals go through eight stages of development, each characterized by a specific task to be met or left unmet. These stages are marked by developmental crises, which individuals must successfully navigate in order to progress to the next stage of development.
12.
Trust vs. Mistrust was --------- at what level.
Correct Answer(s)
Erickson, infant
Explanation
This question is asking about the stage of development proposed by Erik Erikson called Trust vs. Mistrust, which occurs during infancy. In this stage, infants learn to trust or mistrust their caregivers based on the consistency and reliability of their care. Trust is developed when the caregivers provide consistent and nurturing care, while mistrust arises when the caregivers are inconsistent or neglectful. This stage forms the foundation for future relationships and influences the individual's ability to trust others throughout their life.
13.
What is the mediator between the id and the constraints of reality including intellega=ence, memory, problem-solving, and separation?
Correct Answer
B. Ego
Explanation
The ego acts as a mediator between the id and the constraints of reality, including intelligence, memory, problem-solving, and separation. It operates based on the reality principle, balancing the desires of the id with the limitations imposed by the external world. The ego helps to make rational decisions and find realistic solutions to problems, taking into account the individual's experiences, knowledge, and social norms. It helps to control impulsive behaviors and satisfy the id's desires in a socially acceptable manner.
14.
What component with Freud was responsible for self-gratification?
Correct Answer
A. Id
Explanation
The id, according to Freud, is the component of the personality that operates on the pleasure principle and seeks immediate gratification of basic needs and desires. It is driven by unconscious and instinctual urges, and operates without any consideration of morality or social norms. Therefore, the id can be seen as the component responsible for self-gratification.
15.
During 0-2 years, infants are in the oral stage using the mouth for self-gratification.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
0-18months
16.
According to Freud, the Anal Stage occurs at what age?
Correct Answer
8 months- 4 years
Explanation
During the Anal Stage, according to Freud's psychosexual development theory, children experience pleasure and conflict related to bowel movements and toilet training. This stage typically occurs between the ages of 8 months and 4 years, when children are learning to control and regulate their bodily functions. It is during this stage that children may develop either anal-retentive or anal-expulsive personality traits, depending on how they navigate the demands of toilet training.
17.
Who stated the theory that growth and development was based on learning through developmental tasks?
Correct Answer
Havighurst 1972Seperation
18.
Havighurst stated that seperation anxiety happened at what age?
Correct Answer
8-9 months
Explanation
Havighurst stated that separation anxiety occurs at around 8-9 months of age. This refers to a developmental stage in which infants become distressed when separated from their primary caregivers. During this period, babies may display clinginess, crying, and distress when separated from their parents or familiar caregivers. This stage is considered a normal part of a child's emotional development and typically resolves as they grow older and develop more independence.
19.
Temperant and innate qualities for infants according to Havighurst included
Correct Answer(s)
A. Difficult
B. Slow to warm
D. Easy child
Explanation
Havighurst categorized infants' temperamental and innate qualities into four types: difficult, slow to warm, happy, and easy child. These classifications help to understand and describe different characteristics and behaviors exhibited by infants. "Difficult" refers to infants who are generally fussy, irritable, and have a hard time adapting to new situations. "Slow to warm" infants are cautious and take time to adjust to new people and environments. "Happy" infants are generally content, cheerful, and easy to soothe. Lastly, "easy child" infants are typically calm, adaptable, and have a regular routine.
20.
Which theorist based development on spiritual development?
Correct Answer(s)
Fowler 1981
Explanation
Fowler 1981 is the correct answer because James W. Fowler was a developmental psychologist who proposed the theory of spiritual development. His theory, known as the stages of faith, suggests that individuals go through different stages of spiritual development throughout their lives. Fowler's theory emphasizes the importance of spirituality and how it contributes to overall human development.
21.
Fowler stated that there are 8 stages and prestige that people go through, and not everyone makes it to the last ones.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
6 stages
22.
In the first stage that Fowler describes it is
Correct Answer(s)
A. Undifferentiated faith
B. 0-3 years
C. Threats of abandonment
E. Inconsistencies in the infants environment
Explanation
During the first stage of development, which Fowler refers to as undifferentiated faith, infants are between 0-3 years old. During this stage, they are highly dependent on their caregivers and have a sense of trust and faith in them. However, they are also vulnerable to threats of abandonment, which can cause distress and insecurity. Additionally, inconsistencies in the infant's environment, such as unpredictable caregiving or inconsistent routines, can further impact their sense of trust and faith in their caregivers.
23.
This theorist based studies on Cognitive Development.
Correct Answer(s)
Piaget 1969
Explanation
Piaget, a well-known theorist, conducted studies on cognitive development. In 1969, he published significant research on this topic. His theory proposed that children go through different stages of cognitive development, each characterized by specific cognitive abilities and ways of thinking. Piaget's work has had a profound impact on the field of psychology and education, providing valuable insights into how children learn and develop their thinking skills.
24.
Who stated that development occurs through assimilation and accommodation?
Correct Answer(s)
Piaget
Explanation
Piaget is the correct answer because he proposed the theory of cognitive development, which states that development occurs through the processes of assimilation and accommodation. Assimilation refers to incorporating new information into existing cognitive structures, while accommodation involves modifying existing structures to fit new information. Piaget believed that these processes are fundamental to how individuals learn and develop their understanding of the world.
25.
During this age of Piaget's sensorimotor stage, the infant begins to develop reasoning and can anticipate events.
Correct Answer(s)
18-24 months
Explanation
During the age of 18-24 months, infants enter Piaget's sensorimotor stage. In this stage, they start to develop reasoning abilities and can anticipate events. This means that they are able to think about and predict what might happen next in their environment. They are also able to use their senses and motor skills to explore and interact with the world around them. This is an important milestone in cognitive development as it shows the infant's growing ability to understand and make sense of their surroundings.
26.
During this age of Piaget's sensorimotor stage the infant relates their own behavior to a change in the environment, such as shaking a rattle to hear the sound or manipulation.
Correct Answer(s)
4-8 months
Explanation
During the age of Piaget's sensorimotor stage, which occurs between 4-8 months, infants begin to understand cause and effect relationships. They start to relate their own actions, such as shaking a rattle, to the changes they observe in the environment, such as hearing the sound it makes. This is an important milestone in their cognitive development as they learn to actively manipulate objects and explore the consequences of their actions.
27.
During this age of Piaget's sensorimotor stage, the infant demonstrates basic reflexes such as sucking.
Correct Answer(s)
0-1 month
Explanation
During the first month of Piaget's sensorimotor stage, infants exhibit basic reflexes such as sucking. This is because their motor skills are limited to involuntary movements and automatic reflexes. As they explore and interact with their environment, they learn to coordinate these reflexes and gradually develop more intentional actions. This stage is crucial for the infant's cognitive and physical development as they begin to understand cause and effect relationships and start to make sense of the world around them.
28.
During this age of Piagets sensorimotor stage the infant recognizes permanance of objects even out of site and can understand simple commands.
Correct Answer(s)
12-18 months
Explanation
During the age of 12-18 months, according to Piaget's sensorimotor stage, infants develop object permanence, which means they understand that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight. They also start to comprehend and follow simple commands. This stage marks an important milestone in cognitive development as infants begin to grasp the concept of object permanence and demonstrate improved understanding of their surroundings.
29.
During this age of Piaget's sensorimotor stage the infant coordinates more than one thought pattern at a time to reach a goal, such as repeatedly throwing an object on the floor, and only objects in sight are permanent.
Correct Answer(s)
8-12 months
Explanation
During the age of 8-12 months, according to Piaget's sensorimotor stage, infants start to coordinate multiple thought patterns simultaneously to achieve a goal. For example, they may repeatedly throw an object on the floor to observe the cause and effect relationship. At this stage, infants also develop object permanence, which means they understand that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight.
30.
During this age of Piaget's sensorimotor stage the infant discovers enjoyment of random behaviors and repeats them(smiling or sucking thumb)
Correct Answer(s)
1-4 months
Explanation
During Piaget's sensorimotor stage, which occurs from birth to around 2 years old, infants explore the world through their senses and motor activities. In the first few months, typically between 1-4 months, infants start to discover pleasure in random behaviors and often repeat them. This can include actions like smiling or sucking their thumb, which they find enjoyable. This behavior is a sign of their developing cognitive abilities and sensory-motor coordination during this stage.
31.
What is the first stage called Piaget's development and what is the age range?
Correct Answer(s)
sensorimotor stage 0-24 months
Explanation
The first stage in Piaget's development is called the sensorimotor stage, which occurs from birth to around 24 months of age. During this stage, infants explore and understand the world through their senses and motor actions. They develop object permanence, the ability to understand that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight. This stage is characterized by rapid cognitive and physical development as infants learn to coordinate their sensory experiences with their motor actions.