1.
Twin colts were born from a black mare
and a black stallion. One colt was black,
and one was brown. The colts have
different traits because their DNA contains
A. 
Different amounts of sugars in their
molecules
B. 
Different arrangements of nucleotides
C. 
Different amounts of the base thymine
D. 
Different numbers of proteins in their
molecules
2.
In guinea pigs, the allele for a rough coat (R)
is dominant over the allele for a smooth coat
(r). A heterozygous guinea pig and a
homozygous recessive guinea pig is
mated.
Which of the following would be the
phenotypes of the offspring?
A. 
B. 
C. 
2 rough coat and 2 smooth coat
D. 
3 rough coat and 1 smooth coat
3.
Which choice represents a dihybrid cross?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
4.
A particular variety of corn can produce
yellow or white seeds. Yellow is dominant.
White is recessive.
If a particular ear of corn contains ONLY
white corn, it must be —
A. 
Homozygous for white color
B. 
Heterozygous for white color
C. 
Heterozygous for yellow color
D. 
Homozygous for yellow color
5.
The Punnett square above shows a cross between a homozygous dominant genotype for haircolor and a heterozygous genotype for hair color. Which conclusion can be drawn from thePunnet square above?
A. 
The parents will have four offspring.
B. 
Two of the offspring will be homozygous recessive.
C. 
Only two of the offspring will have the same hair color.
D. 
All of the offspring will have the same hair color.
6.
In a particular population of bees, longwings are dominant over short wings.Which of the following must be TRUE aboutthe genetic material that produced a beewith long wings?
A. 
Heterozygous for long wings OR
homozygous for short wings
B. 
Homozygous for short wings OR
heterozygous for long wings
C. 
Homozygous for short wings OR
homozygous for long wings
D. 
Heterozygous for long wings OR
homozygous for long wings
7.
Having freckles is a dominant trait inhumans. Kimberly has freckles, but herbrother, Hugo, does not. What must herparents’ genotypes be for this to bepossible?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
8.
Edwards Syndrome is a serious condition
causing 10% of those born with it to die
within their first year. The cause is trisomy
18, the presence of three chromosome
18s. All children with this condition are
mentally retarded and suffer with breathing
problems and possible seizures. The
technique for diagnosing Edwards
Syndrome involves a series of steps:
obtaining cells from the individual, staining
chromosomes from the cells; identifying
chromosomes by their size and staining
patterns, and rearranging, grouping, and
sequencing the autosomes in order of
decreasing length. This method of
diagnosis is a form of —
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
9.
In cattle, the allele for short horns (S) isdominant over the allele for long horns(s). Two shorthorn cows are bred andproduce four offspring. Three have shorthorns and one has long horns.Which of the following is the MOST likelycombination of genotypes in theseoffspring?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
10.
What determines the traits of an
organism?
A. 
Relation of AT to CG base pairs
B. 
Number of nitrogen bases in RNA
C. 
Presence of ribose or deoxyribose in a
nucleic acid
D. 
Sequence of nitrogen bases in DNA
11.
The DNA regions that code for proteinsare —
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
12.
Compared with mitosis, the process ofmeiosis results in —
A. 
Greater number of cell chromosomes
per cell
B. 
Greater volume of cell cytoplasm per
cell
C. 
Greater number of daughter cells
D. 
Greater amount of genetic material per
cell
13.
In cellular reproduction, which of thefollowing processes occurs thesame number of times in meiosis as itdoes in mitosis?
A. 
The cytoplasm is divided evenly
between the cells.
B. 
The DNA in the chromosomes is
duplicated.
C. 
The cells divide into equally sized
halves.
D. 
The chromosomes align themselves at
opposite ends of the cells.
14.
Meiosis plays a more significant role inreproduction than mitosis in which of thefollowing?
A. 
Increasing the variability of genetic
information
B. 
More efficiently using energy in the
cell division process
C. 
More rapidly reproducing and growing
D. 
Increasing the process of asexual
reproduction
15.
When one or more nucleotides are lostduring chromosomal crossover in meiosis,this is called —
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
16.
This diagram illustrates ______ which occurs during _____.
A. 
Reverse transcription, protein synthesis
B. 
Point mutation, DNA replication
C. 
D. 
DNA replication, cell cycle
17.
Refer to the diagram. What processoccurs at Y?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
18.
How many daughter cells result from aparent cell in meiosis?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
19.
Which of the following BEST describesmeiosis?
A. 
Cell division that occurs only in the
reproductive structures of an organism
B. 
process prior to the first stage of cell
division
C. 
Occurs in all cells of the body system
D. 
Cell division that occurs in the repair
process of damaged skin cells
20.
How does a stem cell become a nervecell, bone cell, or muscle cell?
A. 
By expressing certain combinations of
genes
B. 
By repressing certain combinations of
genes
C. 
By expressing certain combinations of
genes and repressing others
D. 
21.
What technique is BEST for matchingevidence left at a crime scene with asuspect’s nasal swab?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
22.
Which of the following represents thegenotype of offspring Ttrr?
A. 
Heterozygous tall, homozygous
wrinkled
B. 
Heterozygous short, homozygous
wrinkled
C. 
Heterozygous short, homozygous
round
D. 
Homozygous tall, homozygous wrinkled
23.
What is the appearance of offspring X?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
24.
What is the correct genetic combinationof offspring X?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
25.
What, if anything, is wrong with the patient below?
A. 
Normal: nothing is wrong with the patient
B. 
Abnormal; missing a sex chromosome; has Turner's syndrome
C. 
Abnormal; has an extra sex chromosome; has Klienfelter's syndrome
D. 
Abnormal; has an extra chromosome at 21 resulting in Down's syndrome